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Biomedical subjects

C Kratzik

Publications and source records attributed to C Kratzik.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Impact of sonography on diagnosis of scrotal diseases: a multicenter study.

Scrotal ultrasound was carried out since 1980 in five centers. 1,971 cases presenting with pathological conditions of scrotal content were reviewed to asses limitations and possibilities of the method. Scrotal sonography was found to be a highly reliable method to distinguish between intra- and extratesticular lesions. The data presented reveal that sonography is not capable of differentiating reliably between benign and malignant lesions. In the decision-making process ultrasound is sometimes of great help to the urologist but surely no substitution for careful examination and history taking.

Austria↗
PubMed1988

Sonographic appearance of benign intratesticular lesions.

58 patients with a purely intratesticular lesion were investigated with scrotal ultrasound. A pathognomonic echo pattern could be found for simple parenchymal cysts and hemangiomas only. The nature of all other lesions (chronic orchitis, hematoma, epidemoid cyst, testicular necrosis, abscess and tuberculosis) could not be defined solely on sonographic grounds.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Complications of preoperative arterial vascular embolization in malignant kidney tumors].

In 66 patients with renal tumours on 30 patients a preoperative transfemoral embolisation of the renal artery of the tumour-bearing kidney was performed. The complications were established and compared with the 36 patients without occlusion. On account of the considerable side effects a preoperative occlusion seems to be reasonable only in selected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Neopterin as tumour marker serum and urinary neopterin concentrations in malignant diseases.

Serum and urinary neopterin concentrations were measured in 142 patients suffering from various malignant diseases. Increased serum and urinary neopterin levels were found in 48% and 55% of patients respectively. Neopterin showed sufficient sensitivity in the detection of haematological disorders and hypernephroma, whereas the sensitivity of neopterin was rather poor in patients with other solid tumours. Comparison of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) concentrations and serum or urinary neopterin levels in testicular cancer patients showed that determination of neopterin provides no further information in the management of these patients. In testicular cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, a significant increase in serum (p less than 0.005) and urinary (p less than 0.0005) neopterin concentrations was measured after chemotherapy, reflecting the release of neopterin from macrophages during the damage by cytotoxic drugs. In the adjuvant testicular tumour patients, known to be tumour free, 1 out of 16 patients showed elevated serum and 3 out of 15 patients showed false positive urinary neopterin levels. False positive serum (24%) and urinary (37%) neopterin values were also obtained in 28 patients with various nonmalignant diseases, but no evidence for an inflammatory process. In 23 patients with inflammatory diseases pathological serum and urinary neopterin levels were measured in 55% and 59% respectively. When a RIA was compared with a HPLC method, higher urinary neopterin values were obtained with the RIA, indicating that non-oxidized pterines are also determined by the RIA method. In conclusion, neopterin might be a helpful biological marker in monitoring patients with malignant haematological disorders and renal cell carcinoma, but provides no additional information in other solid tumours studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical, endocrinological and pathohistologic aspects of beta-HCG positive seminoma].

The most important aspects of the clinical findings, endocrinology and course of the disease in 14 patients with the histological diagnosis of pure seminoma of the testis and positive serum beta-HCG levels are presented. In addition to routine investigations, immunohistochemical examination of the formalin-fixed specimen by the immunoperoxidase technique was also carried out. Serum alpha-feto-protein levels remained normal in all 14 patients. There was no correlation between serum beta-HCG level and tumour stage. The longest period of observation was 76 months and the shortest 8 months. Patients with no evidence of metastatic disease (5 patients, N0M0) or patients with low-stage disease (5 patients, N1 or N2M0) respond very well to radiotherapy. 4 patients (N3-N4M0) with large retroperitoneal metastases or distant lymph node metastases underwent different combinations of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Leydig cell function in idiopathic oligozoospermia].

Repeated blood sampling at 10-minute intervals over a 4-hour period (15.00 until 19.00) for simultaneous determination of FSH, LH and testosterone was carried out in 7 normospermic men and 8 patients presenting with idiopathic oligozoospermia. Fluctuations of LH and testosterone were observed within the 4-hour sampling period. Only minor alterations of FSH were found. Planimetric assessment of the areas under the curves of FSH, LH and testosterone did not show any significant difference in FSH. Testosterone was found to be significantly decreased in the oligospermic group (p less than 0.025), while LH showed a tendency to be increased (p less than 0.1). These results point out that single determinations of LH and testosterone do not provide exact information, due to the wide range of hormone fluctuation. Serial sampling of the hormones demonstrates Leydig cell dysfunction in patients with moderate idiopathic oligozoospermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Importance of the intracellular detection of alpha-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin in a testicular tumor using immunoperoxidase].

30 patients with testicular cancer (20 seminoma, 10 non-seminomatous tumours) were investigated with respect to the determination of alpha-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin in formalin-fixed slices by means of the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The immunohistochemical method detected HCG-producing cells in 8 seminoma, whereas routine histology revealed syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells in 4 cases only. The immunohistochemical results and the serum AFT, and/or HCG values obtained by radioimmunoassay corresponded well in all patients with non-seminomatous tumours. Direct evidence of HCG production in the primary tumour can be important in therapeutic decisions, especially in patients with seminoma. The direct proof of AFP in the primary tumour might answer in the future the question of the incidence and the prognostic impact of yolk sac tumour parts in malignant teratomas.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of pathologic changes in the urinary epithelium on the absorption of ethoglucide (Epodyl) from the bladder].

Studies on the absorption of Ethoglucid from human urinary bladder, utilizing a photometric method to determine Ethoglucid in biological fluids, gave the following results: The intact uroepithelium prevents absorption of interluminal Ethoglucid as well as no significant increase of absorption was seen in the presence of superficial, highly differentiated cancers or inflammatory alterations of the bladder. Urothelial lesions after transurethral resection or infiltrating cancers permit an intercellular diffusion of Ethoglucid from the bladder cavity into the systemic circulation, due to a loss of intercellular gaps between the urothelial elements.

Absorption↗
PubMed1984

[Possibilities for the use of sonography in kidney injuries].

As a non-invasive, easily repeatable examination ultrasound can supplement or even replace angiography in cases of renal trauma. Since it is moreover cheap and quickly performable, an ultrasound examination should never be omitted when renal trauma is suspected. It does not matter whether it is performed before or after infusion urography; this will mainly depend on the facilities available. It must be stressed that ultrasound is diagnostic tool and that its full potential is only realized in combination with other diagnostic methods, e.g. urography, angiography, computerized tomography.

Hematoma↗
PubMed1983

The gonadotropin response to synthetic gonadotropin releasing factor in patients with testicular cancer.

The response of LH and FSH to synthetic gonadotropin releasing factor (GRF) was investigated in 19 patients with malignant germ cell cancers of the testicle prior to radical orchiectomy. The study showed: 1. Patients with circulating beta-HCG presented with increased plasma levels of oestradiol. Base line FSH and response to GRF were significantly decreased. 2. In patients without detectable beta-HCG plasma concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone were within the normal ranges as compared to healthy age matched controls. Base line levels of FSH and LH were increased and an exaggerated response to GRF was observed. From the results of this study it can be concluded that hypergonadotropic dysfunction of pituitary-gonadal axis exists in patients with testicular cancer of germ cell origin. Beta-HCG production by tumour tissue results in hyperoestrogenism and interferes with the pituitary-gonadal axis in terms of inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Experience with beta-HCG-positive seminoma.

The clinical findings, diagnosis and course of disease of eight patients with histological pure seminoma of the testis and positive serum beta-HCG levels are presented. In addition to routine investigations, immunohistochemical examination of the formalin-fixed specimen by the immunoperoxidase technique was also carried out. Serum alpha-feto-protein levels of all eight patients remained normal. There was no correlation between serum beta-HCG level and tumour stage. The longest period of observation was 48 months, the shortest 11 months. All patients were treated primarily by radiotherapy. One patient also received chemotherapy and one patient underwent bilateral lymphadenectomy 13 months after radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Pyelonephrostomy as a life-extending measure in terminal cancer].

Between 1975 and 1980 35 patients with incurable carcinomas and bilateral ureteral obstruction who had been fitted with pull-through pyelonephrostomies were retrospectively studied with particular reference to the post-operative quality of their lives. 30 patients who died of the primary diseased had survived for periods of between 14 days and 30 months; the average was 7.5 months. There was no significant correlation between pre-operative kidney function and survival time. The post-operative quality of the lives of the patients who had shown good kidney function before the nephrostomy was fitted was significantly better than that of the patients with bad kidney function.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Composite screener for androgen deficiency related to the Aging Males' Symptoms scale.

OBJECTIVE: Methodological characteristics of the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale point towards a high standard measurement and comparison of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over time or intervention. However, the scale was neither developed nor standardized as a screening instrument for androgen deficiency. METHODS: Data of the Austrian ANDROX study suggested to develop a composite screener for androgen deficiency based on AMS, age, and BMI, to determine sensitivity and specificity to detect low total testosterone (TT) levels. The findings were compared with those of an independent sample of urological patients with suspicion of androgen deficiency (AD) from Germany (n = 803). RESULTS: A graphical solution for a composite-screening tool was proposed, with three levels of suspicion for AD: positive screening result (high suspicion), equivocal result, and negative screening result (no suspicion, AD unlikely). The percentage of TT values < 4 ng/ml were 18.7%, 40.7% and 58.8% in the three categories: negative, equivocal and positive, respectively. The findings were confirmed in the independent German sample. In both instances, neither sensitivity nor specificity was very high, i.e., between about 50% and 75%. CONCLUSION: The results of the development and initial validation of the new screener are promising. Further information, and experience from the practice, is needed to confirm or refute the hypothesis that this screener is a useful tool for medical practice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of tamoxifen and kallikrein on sperm parameters including hypoosmotic swelling test in subfertile males. A retrospective analysis.

151 subfertile men presenting OAT-syndrome were investigated in respect of an improvement of sperm parameters under therapy with tamoxifen, kallikrein and combined treatment of both drugs. After therapy with 30 mg tamoxifen per day (75 patients), a significant elevation of density and swelling test was seen. Medication with 600 IE kallikrein per day (36 patients) revealed only a slight improvement of motility. Also combined treatment of 30 mg tamoxifen with 600 IE kallikrein per day produced only an elevation of motility without any significant change of other sperm parameters.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗