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Biomedical subjects

C Klein

Publications and source records attributed to C Klein.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Who is responsible for the delinquent adolescent? A psychiatric and Talmudic perspective.

The concept of the delinquent adolescent is reviewed in terms of definition, culpability, and rehabilitation in concert with psychiatric and Talmudic perspectives. Seven principles under Talmudic Law are discussed which were used by the Court to help determine whether or not an individual was in fact an incorrigible delinquent. The Talmudic concept has evolved that the delinquent child is a product of a disturbed family and a pathological environment. Aberrant behavior was always interpreted in a holistic fashion in the nomenclature of family dynamics. Talmudic tradition emphasizes the necessity to acquire means for reestablishing the intactness of a healthy family. When it is determined that this is not possible in the nuclear family, mandates are given society for placement elsewhere under the aegis of the Court.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Use of immunocytochemical staining of somatostatin for correlative light and electron microscopic investigation of D cells in the pancreatic islet of Xiphophorus helleri H. (Teleostei).

Somatostatin-containing cells have been demonstrated by immunocytochemistry in semithin sections of the pancreatic islet of the teleost fish, Xiphophorus helleri. These cells were shown by correlative light and electron microscopy to be identical with D cells previously defined in this species by the silver impregnation method of Hellman and Hellerström.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A microagglutination test for Yersinia enterocolitica infection: recognition of multiple serotypes in experiments with stained suspensions of serotype O5,27.

When suspensions of Yersinia enterocolitica were stained with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) their antigenic specificity, as determined by tube and microtitre-plate agglutination tests, was altered. Thus, a TTC-stained suspension of serotype O5,27 detected antibodies to nine O serotypes of Y. enterocolitica in sera from experimentally infected animals but did not cross-react with antisera to organisms of five other unrelated genera including Brucella. The same suspension did, however, cross-react weakly with antisera to four serotypes of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The value of this antigen preparation in detecting antibodies to the wide range of Y. enterocolitica serotypes likely to cause infection in man should now be assessed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1978

The effect of divalent cations on aggregation of Dictyostelium discoideum.

Following the initiation of development, amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum aggregate chemotactically toward cyclic AMP (cAMP). Adenyl cyclase, cAMP phosphodiesterase, and cAMP binding sites all increase 20--40 fold during the first few hours of development. It has been shown that addition of 1 mM EDTA and 5 mM MgCl2 accelerates the aggregation process. Likewise, the calcium ionophore, A23187, leads to precocious aggregation while 4 X 10(-5) M progesterone considerably delays it. These treatments have now been shown to result in increased accumulation of adenyl cyclase in the case of EDTA and Mg2+ or the ionophore and greatly decreased accumulation in the case of the steroid. Treatment with EDTA and Mg2+ or the ionophore has been shown not only to accelerate aggregation in wild-type amoebae but to overcome complete blocks to aggregation in certain mutant strains. We have found that addition of Mn2+ will also permit aggregation of mutant cells otherwise unable to aggregate. This divalent ion, unlike EDTA and Mg2+ or the ionophore, was shown to directly stimulate adenyl cyclase. Calcium ions were also found to affect the enzyme such that at Ca2+ concentrations found within the cells the great majority of the activity is inhibited. Manganese ions can overcome the inhibition by Ca2+. These findings show that conditions which stimulate aggregation result in increased activity of adenyl cyclase either by increased accumulation of the enzyme or by increased activity of the available enzyme, and support the proposed central role of adenyl cyclase in aggregation.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1978

Long-term fecal excretion and resistance induced in mice infected with Yersinia enterocolitica.

European isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes O3 and O9 were shown to infect but not kill mice, which became fecal excreters for up to 135 days. The mice challenged with 500 50% lethal doses of the virulent WA strain of Y. enterocolitica serotype O8 survived, and some excreted the virulent strain. This rodent model may be of value in assessing the ecological significance of rodents in the maintenance of Y. enterocolitica.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Determination of cardiac output and ejection fraction using radionuclide angiography. A comparsion with conventional diagnostic methods in cardiology (author's transl)].

Cardiac output and ejection fraction of left and right ventricle were determined in 75 patients with different heart diseases applying a newly developed method which combines radionuclide angiography and triggered blood pool scintigraphy. The comparison of cardiac output and ejection fraction as determined by dye-dilution or thermodilution technique and left ventricular angiography is excellent (coefficient of correlation r equal to 0.86 and r equal to 0.91). Cardiac output and ejection fraction can be determined with this method in single non-invasive operation, i.e. under physiological conditions. The ejection fractions can be determined with high statistical accuracy from time-activity curves of both ventricles. Similar to cine-angiography it is possible to evaluate the ventricular volume, the regional contraction patterns and aneurysmata. Outpatients can be investigated in 30 min. Since the radiation dose in comparison to cine-angiography is very low, this investigation can be repeated several times without harm to the patient. There are no risks as described for cardiac catheterization and contrast angiography. Patients with low cardiac output and ejection fraction can be classified as "high risk patients". In these patients cardiac catheterization can be avoided by applying the described method.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1978

[The biosynthesis of fatty acids in dependence of age (author's transl)].

We determined the synthesis of fatty acids in rat liver in vitro, using the method of labeling the fatty acid with tritiated water. After the well-known increase of the biosynthesis of fatty acids in the postnatal period we found an age-dependent decrease which is positively correlated with the activity of lipogenic enzymes of rat liver.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Problems experienced in a diabetic clinic for Blacks.

One hundred and seventy Black diabetic patients who regularly attend the Baragwanath Diabetic Clinic were studied. Just over 50% of patients suffered from hypertension, and 10% had angina pectoris. Retinopathy was present in 25% of the patients. The incidence of hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia was much lower than has previously been found among White diabetic patients in Johannesburg. Attention is drawn to the lack of adequate health education given to Black diabetic patients and also to the reliance on oral hypoglycaemic agents in preference to dietary therapy. It is suggested that there is a need for health educators from the patient's own ethnic group if these problems are to be overcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Autonomic neuropathy in Black diabetic patients.

Seventy adult diabetic patients were assessed for the occurrence of autonomic neuropathy by means of simple clinical tests. Objective evidence of autonomic dysfunction was present in 72%, pure sympathetic dysfunction in 28%, pure parasympathetic dysfunction in 10% and impotence in 57% of patients. Approximately 10% of patients had nocturnal diarrhoea and gustatory sweating.

Black or African American↗