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Biomedical subjects

C Kim

Publications and source records attributed to C Kim.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Experimental induction of cerebral aneurysms in monkeys.

Saccular cerebral aneurysms were successfully induced in two monkeys treated with ligation of the common carotid artery, experimental hypertension, and beta-aminopropionitrile feeding. The cerebral aneurysms developed on the large arteries at the base of the brain, such as the anterior communicating artery and the internal carotid artery at the origin of the posterior communicating artery. Because of the similarity of the monkey to man as a species, the present results strongly suggest the significance of postnatal aggravating factors in the development of cerebral aneurysms in man.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1987

Distribution of uranium in human lungs.

Several human lung samples were dissected into lobes and uranium and silicon contents in each lobe were determined by the fission track method and the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), respectively. It was found that both uranium and silicon concentrations were high in the upper lobe compared with those in the lower one. Though the tendency may be mainly interpreted by the deposition way of airborne dust in the lung, the higher U/Si concentration ratio in the upper part than that in the lower part of lungs may suggest the partial removal of uranium deposited in the lower part of the tissue.

Air Pollution, Radioactive↗
PubMed1987

Nosocomial clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Elucidation by plasmid analysis.

An outbreak of methicillin sodium-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and colonization, mainly centered in the vascular surgery service, occurred in a 1000-bed tertiary care center between December 1983 and December 1984. Methicillin-resistant S aureus isolated before and during the outbreak was studied by both bacteriophage typing and by restriction endonuclease digestion of bacterial plasmid DNA. Bacteriophage typing was discrepant in nine (56%) of the 17 repeated analyses compared with one (3.4%) of the 29 for plasmid profiling. These typing methods revealed that the epidemic strain was introduced to the hospital from the community 15 months before the outbreak. The outbreak was caused by cross-transmission of the epidemic strain by health care personnel and was controlled by treatment of colonized personnel, education of personnel, and institution of barrier precautions for colonized or infected patients. Plasmid profiling with restriction endonuclease digestion was easier, more rapid, and more specific than bacteriophage typing in the evaluation of this outbreak.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1986

Simultaneous determination of biogenic amines and morphine in discrete rat brain regions by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

A simple and sensitive method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and morphine in discrete rat brain regions by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Perchloric acid extracts of the tissue were directly injected into the chromatographic system. Each of these compounds gave a linear response over the range of 20-160 ng/ml cerebellar homogenate (0.4-3.2 ng on column). Recoveries of these compounds, added to the homogenates, were complete when compared with standards dissolved in perchloric acid. The average between-run coefficients of variation for all these compounds were lower than 7.4% over the range of 20-160 ng/ml, and the within-run coefficients of variation at 20 ng/ml were lower than 8.7%. The present method has been applied to a study of the effects of intraperitoneal administration of morphine on biogenic amines in several discrete rat brain regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Increased vitamin A in esophagus and other extrahepatic tissues after chronic ethanol consumption in the rat.

In rats fed ethanol (36% of total energy) for 1 month, vitamin A content of the esophageal mucosa was found to be increased 5-fold, compared to animals pair-fed an isocaloric control diet containing the same amount of vitamin A. Similar results were observed with diets of either lower vitamin A content or zinc supplementation. Significant increases of retinoids were also found in lungs, trachea, kidneys, and testes, but not in the eyes. These increases in extrahepatic tissues contrasted strikingly with the concomitant decrease in the liver and suggests that chronic ethanol consumption may be associated with some mobilization of vitamin A from the liver to other organs.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1986

Studies on avian erythrocyte metabolism. XIV. Effect of CO2 and pH on P50 in the chicken.

The O2 affinity (P50) of erythrocyte suspensions from 18-day chick embryos, from 2-, 5-, 8-, and 14-day chicks, and from mature chickens decreased with increasing concentrations of either CO2 or H+, particularly at a pH near 7.4 and at 37 degrees C. A greater effect on delta P50's was observed from increasing H+ concentration from pH 8.0 to 6.8 in cell suspensions from 18-day embryos (28.8 Torr at 0% CO2) and adult chickens (55.1 Torr at 0% CO2) than from increases in CO2 concentration at any given pH. The Bohr effect (delta log P50/delta pH) in the absence of CO2 was -0.508 and -0.479 for cell suspensions from 18-day chick embryos and adult birds, respectively. The specific effect of CO2 on the Bohr effect, regardless of the CO2 concentration, indicates that the delta P50/0.1 pH is approximately 1.35 and 2.45 Torr for the embryo and adult chicken blood. These results indicate that increasing H+ and CO2 concentrations markedly affect the P50 of chicken blood and that even subtle changes in either could play a significant role physiologically in regulating blood P50 in birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Aversive properties of opiate withdrawal studied in rats.

Preference conditioning models were applied to the study of the motivational properties of opiate withdrawal. Conditioned place and taste aversions were produced by a single injection of an opiate antagonist in rats implanted with a morphine but not a placebo pellet. The hypothesis that withdrawal-produced jumping reflects the aversive properties of withdrawal was not confirmed. The use of central and peripheral administration of antagonists suggest that the aversive effects reflect antagonist activity in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Early changes of experimentally induced cerebral aneurysms in rats. Light-microscopic study.

The changes of the anterior cerebral artery/olfactory artery junction, one of the favorite sites of aneurysm formation, in rats treated with unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery and renal hypertension were investigated by light microscopy. The initial changes of aneurysm occurred not at the apex itself, but on the distal side of the major branch adjacent to the apex, at the intimal pad and the neighboring distal portion. Here the internal elastic lamina showed various degenerative changes and disappearance. The neighboring distal portion adjacent to the intimal pad showed a shallow depression associated with a thinning of the media due to a decrease of medial smooth muscle cells in number even in some control animals. Such degenerative changes of the internal elastic lamina and medial smooth muscle cells caused by hemodynamic stress due to branching structure, including intimal pads, augmented by the experimental treatment, are supposed to be the basis for aneurysm formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Differential sensitivity to ethanol, pentobarbital, and barbital in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats.

Ethanol, pentobarbital, and barbital sleep times and blood levels on awakening were determined in female spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WK) rats. Ethanol-induced sleep times were significantly longer for SH than for WK and blood ethanol concentrations on awakening were significantly lower in SH than in WK rats. By contrast, pentobarbital and barbital sleep times for SH rats were significantly less than for WK rats and barbiturate blood levels at awakening were significantly higher in SH than in WK rats. No differences were observed between SH and WK rats with respect to the disappearance of ethanol, pentobarbital, and barbital from blood and in the apparent volume of distribution of these drugs. These observations suggest differential CNS sensitivity of the SH and WK rats to ethanol and barbiturates and provide additional support for the notion that there exist differences in the modes of acute action of these drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Familial osteodysplasia associated with trigeminal neuralgia: case report.

A 24-year-old woman suffering from left trigeminal neuralgia presented with the familial occurrence of skeletal anomalies simulating Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. She was of a short stature and had low-set ears, protrusion of the bilateral temporal and occipital bones, platybasia, basilar impression, and dental anomaly. Vertebral angiography disclosed marked displacement to the left and dorsally of the basilar artery, which was confirmed during the operation to have compressed the left trigeminal nerve in the cerebellopontine angle narrowed by the unusually protruded bony structure. Cases of Hajdu-Cheney syndrome have occasionally been reported, a few combined with facial spasm, but Hajdu-Cheney syndrome with trigeminal neuralgia is very rare. The patient's family members were surveyed. The possible cause of the neuralgia with its relation to the osteodysplasia is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Determination of picogram levels of brain catecholamines and indoles by a simplified liquid chromatographic electrochemical detection method.

A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in rat brain regions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection has been developed. Perchloric acid extracts of the tissue were directly analyzed in the HPLC system. Each of these compounds gave a linear response over the range of 10-320 ng/ml cerebellar homogenate (0.2-6.4 ng on column). Analytical recoveries of these compounds added to the homogenates were complete when compared with standards dissolved in perchloric acid. The average between-run coefficients of variation for all these compounds were lower than 6.7%, over the range of 10-320 ng/ml, whereas the within-run coefficients of variation at 10 ng/ml were lower than 6.9%. Under the present instrumental and mobile phase conditions, all compounds were readily oxidized at 0.72 V vs. a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The present method has been applied to a study determining the basal levels of these compounds in several rat brain regions as well as levels after medium raphe lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Differential pharmacological responses to ethanol, pentobarbital and morphine in rats selectively bred for ethanol sensitivity.

The hypothermic and analgesic effects of ethanol, pentobarbital and morphine were examined in two lines of rats that had been selectively bred for their differential sensitivity to ethanol. Males and females of the least-affected (LA) line were observed to be less sensitive than their most-affected (MA) counterparts to hypothermia and analgesia induced by ethanol and morphine. By contrast, no differences were observed with respect to pentobarbital-induced hypothermia. At the dose used, pentobarbital had no significant analgesic effect in either animal line.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of a tetracycline-resistance plasmid excised from a chromosomal DNA sequence in Bacillus subtilis.

When Bacillus subtilis GSY908 (recE4-) (H. C. Spatz and T. A. Trautner, 1971, Mol. Gen. Genet. 113, 174-190) protoplasts were infected with Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pNS1 specifying tetracycline resistance (Tcr) (N. Noguchi et al., 1983, Gene 21, 105-112), which was modified such that it either could not replicate or did not carry a functional Tcr gene, a plasmid with a molecular weight of 3.1 X 10(6) (4.9 kb) was generated in Tcr phenotypes. This plasmid, named Tcr pNS1981, exhibited completely different restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns to pNS1 and showed only negligible sequence homology in hybridization experiments. Southern hybridization experiments revealed that pNS1981 arises by excision of a B. subtilis chromosomal DNA sequence. No sequence corresponding to pNS1 was detectable on the chromosome of pNS1981-maintaining B. subtilis. The production of pNS1981 was also observed in B. subtilis RM125 (r-Mm-Mrec+) (T. Uozumi et al., 1977, Mol. Gen. Genet. 152, 65-69.) with almost the same frequency as B. subtilis GSY908. Since the recipient B. subtilis Marburg 168 derivatives stated above are sensitive to Tc, the results indicate that information essential for Tcr is under negative regulatory control in the integrated state on the chromosome. Restriction endonuclease analysis suggested that pNS1981 is essentially the same as pBC16, formerly found in B. cereus (K. Bernhard, H. Schrempf, and W. Goebel, 1978, J. Bacteriol. 133, 897-903).

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1983

Studies on avian erythrocyte metabolism. XIII. Changing organic phosphate composition in age-dependent density populations of chicken erythrocytes.

These studies were performed to determine whether the erythrocytes (RBC's) of chickens are able to alter the concentrations of organic phosphates, particularly inositol pentakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (inositol-P5), in response to anemia. Acute anemia with 33.5% reticulocytes (retics) in the peripheral blood of 4-month-old White Leghorn cockerels was produced after two successive days of controlled bleeding. Five populations of RBC's were prepared from blood of these anemic birds based upon age-dependent density by angle rotor centrifugation. The relative increase in age of Fraction 1 (younger cells) through Fraction 5 (oldest cells) was verified by increased hemoglobin concentration and decreased retic count and cell volume. The acid aqueous-soluble phosphates from each RBC fraction were extracted, fractionated by ion exchange column chromatography, and the concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and inositol-P5 quantitated by wet-ash phosphate analysis. Determination of Pi, ATP, and inositol-P5 in Fraction 1 (younger cells, 7.4% retics) from the initial (Day 1) blood withdrawn gave 4.3, 5.7, and 18.6 mumoles Pi/ml RBC, respectively. On Day 4 of controlled-bleeding, Pi, ATP, and inositol-P5 concentrations in Fraction 1 (95.1% retics) were 12.7, 10.6, and 12.3 mumoles Pi/ml RBC, respectively. On Day 11, after 1 week recovery from controlled-bleeding, the values for Pi, ATP, and inositol-P5 in Fraction 1 (37.7% retics) were 5.0, 5.4, and 19.0 mumoles Pi/ml RBC, respectively, which were similar to the values before bleeding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗