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Biomedical subjects

C Kidson

Publications and source records attributed to C Kidson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Global malaria challenge: the Amsterdam summit.

On 26-27 October 1992 the World Health Organization convened a global Ministerial Conference on Malaria in Amsterdam to draw up a global strategy for renewed attack on malaria, in view of the deteriorating situation in the control of this disease in many parts of the world. This report summarizes the key points of the strategy and the Declaration emanating from this crucial assembly of nations, which it is hoped will lead to increased tangible support nationally, from international agencies and from bilateral agreements for greatly improved programs of malaria control.

Health Policy↗
PubMed1992

Antibody detection ELISAS for malaria diagnosis.

Parasite extracts of Plasmodium falciparum and P. chabaudi and three synthetic peptides from the P. falciparum MSA2 merozoite antigen were tested for suitability as antigens in an antibody detection ELISA using sera from malaria patients in Brisbane. The P. chabaudi extract was superior to P. falciparum extract for detecting P. vivax cases, while for P. falciparum cases the two parasite extracts were equivalent. Single peptide antigens were generally less sensitive than parasite extracts; however, peptides G3 and G7 were more sensitive than parasite extracts in detecting first attacks of P. vivax. Examination of isotype specific responses demonstrated that this may be explained by higher IgG responses to these peptides in first than in subsequent P. vivax attacks. Because of the differing antibody specificities in primary and secondary P. falciparum and P. vivax cases, the best sensitivity was achieved by using the combined results of assays with three antigens: P. chabaudi, peptide G3 and peptide G7. The combined sensitivity was 77.1% for P. falciparum and 88.6% for P. vivax acute cases with 91.1% specificity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Identification of a common Plasmodium epitope (CPE) recognised by a pan-specific inhibitory monoclonal antibody.

A Plasmodium falciparum genomic expression library was screened with a monoclonal antibody produced from mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii. Eleven unique clones were isolated all of which contained the sequence NKND, IKND or KKND. This sequence was confirmed as the epitope of M26-32 by testing a series of overlapping peptides and the allowable substitutions determined by testing the binding of M26-32 to peptides containing all possible single amino acid replacements of NKND. Potential epitopes of M26-32 occur in many plasmodial proteins and this is consistent with the large number of proteins recognised in these parasites by Western blotting. Since this monoclonal antibody shows marked in vitro inhibition of P. falciparum growth, these data suggest that an anti-malarial vaccine may be produced by targeting such common plasmodial epitopes without necessarily identifying the corresponding antigens.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: evidence from cellular radiosensitivity and complementation of this phenotype.

Radiosensitivity was studied in a series of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and normal controls by examining clonogenic survival and radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in lymphoblastoid cell lines. D0 values based on colony survival for AD and normals following exposure to gamma-rays were 0.86 +/- 0.04 and 1.14 +/- 0.03 Gy respectively. However, 2 of the AD cell lines had D0 values in the normal range. This increased radiosensitivity in AD cells was confirmed by an increased number of gamma-ray-induced chromosome aberrations in these cells. Cell fusion was employed to investigate the presence of different complementation groups for the radiosensitive phenotype in AD using frequency of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations as a means of distinguishing different groups. Four complementation groups were found among 5 AD cell lines. These findings provide additional experimental evidence in support of heterogeneity in AD.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Fusion protein Dot-ELISA for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum antibodies].

The feasibility of using fusion protein Dot-ELISA to detect the antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum was presented. Fusion protein expressed in the P. falciparum genomic DNA expression library with lambda gt11 was used as the antigen to coat the solid support nitrocellulose strips. Horseradish peroxidase conjugated with goat antihuman IgG was used as the second antibody. The enzyme activity was read by naked eyes according to the dot colour. The results by Dot-ELISA correlated well with those by IFA. The study indicated that this method was specific, sensitive, simple, and replicable. It would be valuable for further studying the usefulness of fusion protein in the immunodiagnosis of malaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Detection of somatic mutations in tumours of diverse types by DNA fingerprinting with M13 phage DNA.

Hybridization of M13 phage DNA to Southern blots of human DNA produces an individual-specific DNA fingerprint. In this study, tumour and lymphocyte DNA from a series of patients with melanoma, Merkel-cell carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and Wilms' tumour was probed with M13 DNA to detect somatic mutations in the DNA of the tumours. Somatic changes were observed in tumour DNA of 16 out of the 28 cases examined. This frequency compared favourably with the frequency with which tumour-specific changes have been found when using the Jeffreys DNA fingerprinting probe 33.15, and demonstrates that M13 DNA provides a useful additional probe for the study of somatic changes in tumours. The finding that multiple DNA fragments were lost or gained in DNA fingerprints from individual tumours indicates a marked degree of complexity in the genetic changes involved in the evolution of certain human cancers.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1990

Chemical characterization of the parasitophorous vacuole membrane antigen QF 116 from Plasmodium falciparum.

On the basis of amino acid sequencing and immunological cross-reactivity, the Plasmodium falciparum parasitophorous vacuole antigens QF116 and exp-1/CRA are apparently identical. The epitope recognized by an inhibitory monoclonal antibody directed against QF116 is located proximal to the C-terminus of the protein. The QF116 protein is processed during maturation by the cleavage of a 22-amino-acid signal peptide and acylated as measured by labeling with myristic acid.

Acylation↗
PubMed1990

The effect of Plasmodium falciparum exo-antigens on the morphology of uninfected erythrocytes.

It was observed that uninfected red cells resuspended in supernatant from Plasmodium falciparum cultures, then examined between a glass slide and cover-slip, assumed varying morphologies. A series of experiments suggested that P. falciparum releases molecules which cause red cells to become stomatocytic (cupped). These molecules, some of which are heat-stable have an apparent molecular weight greater than 12 kDa, are released at or about schizogony, and do not bind tightly to erythrocytes.

Animals↗