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Biomedical subjects

C Kendall

Publications and source records attributed to C Kendall.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The implementation of a diarrheal disease control program in Honduras: is it 'selective primary health care' or 'integrated primary health care'?

International public health scientists have debated the distinction of selective and integrated primary health care since the development of new selective primary health care interventions such as the Expanded Programme on Immunizations and the Diarrhoeal Disease Control Programme of the World Health Organization were developed. This paper argues that the codification offered by the identification of two incompatible paradigms is not a productive one for describing the implementation of national-level primary health care programs. This paper will explore these concerns by reviewing case materials of the implementation of a diarrheal diseases control program in Honduras.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1988

Ferrioxamine as a magnetic resonance contrast agent. Preclinical studies and phase I and II human clinical trials.

The preclinical and clinical trial experience with ferrioxamine (S-FDF; Salutar, Inc.) as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is summarized. The results in 44 patients or subjects show that the drug is safe and well tolerated when given intravenously. In certain conditions, early results show that the use of this contrast agent provides more information than can be obtained with MRI alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Survey of genetic authenticity of commercially produced inbred rats.

Strain specific typing antisera (SSTA) were used to genetically monitor six inbred strains of rats from major US commercial producers. SSTA were used in both the hemagglutination test and the microcytotoxicity assay because results from a preliminary study showed that use of both tests gave more reliable results than either test used individually. Of 25 colonies tested (representing all six strains), one colony of LEW rats appeared to be contaminated genetically.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Endoscopic evaluation of slow-release potassium chloride preparations.

In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 30 healthy subjects took one of two potassium chloride preparations or placebo three times a day for 1 week with concomitant oral glycopyrrolate dosing. The upper digestive tract was endoscopically examined immediately before and after the treatment period. One subject in both of the KCl treatment groups and six subjects in the placebo group developed submucosal lesions. All lesions were minor and of limited clinical significance. There may be reason to believe that glycopyrrolate plays a role in the production of such lesions. If so, the concomitant use of glycopyrrolate in clinical trials of KCl preparations may cloud the results of such studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of strain specific typing antisera for genetic monitoring of inbred strains of rats.

Strain-specific typing antisera (SSTA) were prepared for six inbred strains of rats by using a pooled immunization protocol. The SSTA were used in both a haemagglutination assay and a complement dependent microcytotoxicity assay to compare the usefulness of the two test systems. Both assays were simple, reliable and repeatable, and each system had distinct advantages and disadvantages. The haemagglutination assay was faster and required less specialized equipment than the microcytotoxicity assay. On the other hand, interpretation of results in the microcytotoxicity assay was easier and more objective. It was concluded that SSTA could be used with the microcytotoxicity assay and/or the haemagglutination assay to provide a simple and effective genetic monitoring method for inbred strain of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ethnomedicine and oral rehydration therapy: a case study of ethnomedical investigation and program planning.

Diarrheal disease prevention and diarrheal disease control with oral rehydration therapy are major goals of the World Health Organization and the international health community. This paper promotes the use of ethnographic research in this endeavor. It illustrates the use of ethnography in a diarrheal disease prevention and control program in Honduras by illustrating how knowledge of local beliefs and practices partially shaped promotion efforts. It confirms the validity of the original ethnographic findings by reporting the results of a survey conducted two years after program onset.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMed1983

Utilization of the biotin/avidin system to amplify the sensitivity of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The biotin/avidin system was incorporated into the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to increase the sensitivity of the standard ELISA for the detection of mouse antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen ((anti-HBs and HBsAg, respectively). Two biotin/avidin ELISA designs were studied. In both assays, 96-well polystyrene plates were coated with HBsAg, post-coated with 0.5% gelatin and incubated with dilutions of mouse anti-HBs. In the biotin/avidin (BA) ELISA, reagents were added to antibody reacted wells in the following sequence: biotinylated goat anti-mouse IgG (b-GAMG), avidin-alkaline phosphatase (Av-AP) and substrate. The order of reactants after mouse antibody in the biotin/avidin/biotin (BAB) ELISA was b-GAMG, avidin, biotinylated alkaline phosphatase (b-AP) and substrate. The sensitivities of BA ELISA, BAB ELISA and a standard ELISA using a glutaraldehyde conjugated goat anti-mouse enzyme were compared to AUSAB (a commercial radioimmunoassay) using a panel of 23 mouse anti-HBs sera. All 3 ELISAs were more sensitive than AUSAB; the standard ELISA, BAB ELISA and BA ELISA were respectively 50, 1173 and 4134 times more sensitive than AUSAB for detection of mouse anti-HBs activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Biotin-avidin-amplified enzyme immunoassay for detection of herpes simplex virus antigen in clinical specimens.

A biotin-avidin-amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (B-A ELISA) has been developed to detect herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 antigens in clinical specimens. The test was designed as a solid-phase, double-antibody, sandwich assay in which plates were coated with a polyclonal rabbit immunoglobulin G anti-HSV reagent, and the sandwich antibody was a biotin-labeled mouse immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody that reacts with a common antigen associated with HSV-1 and HSV-2. The test can be completed in 4 h if antibody-coated plates are available. The detection limit of the B-A ELISA, determined by titration of virus stocks, was found to be approximately 90 PFU or 6 X 10(3) physical particles of either HSV-1 or HSV-2 per 50 microliter of virus stock. The following results were obtained in a study in which swabs were taken from a variety of lesions and assayed for infectivity in tissue culture and by B-A ELISA. Of 421 suspected HSV lesions tested, 69 were positive by both tests and 159 were negative by both tests. A total of 122 were positive by B-A ELISA but negative for infectivity. Seventy-one were negative by B-A ELISA but contained infectious virus. The HSV specificity of the assay was substantiated by partial blocking of reactivity with rabbit immunoglobulin G anti-HSV and by the absence of reactivity with a nonspecific biotin-labeled mouse immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1971

Contented FMG.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Foreign Medical Graduates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of a community-based Aedes aegypti control programme on mosquito larval production sites in El Progreso, Honduras.

This paper describes the results of a trial to assess the efficacy in reducing the density of larval production sites of utilizing community involvement in the planning and implementation of an Aedes aegypti control programme, in a dengue-endemic city in Honduras. In addition to a substantial increase in knowledge about dengue transmission and prevention, a relative reduction in Ae. aegypti larval infestation indices was found in those city neighbourhoods where community involvement was utilized compared with their untreated counterparts. Several methods of improving the impact of this type of programme are discussed.

Aedes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Troubleshooting the postoperative IOL result.

1. We all experience disappointment when a patient's postoperative visual result differs from the anticipated refraction. Although it is easy to initially place blame on an A-scan measurement, keratometer reading or an incorrect IOL calculation, our frustration may be tempered by applying a few basic troubleshooting steps. 2. There are several reasons for determining the cause for the discrepancy. First is to address the potential need for an IOL exchange if the refraction is dramatically unacceptable. Second, information gained from analysis of the first eye's results can aid in more accurately predicting an IOL power for the patient's fellow eye. A third reason is to learn from our mistakes to prevent their recurrence. A step-by-step analysis provides an unemotional method for reaching a much needed conclusion. 3. Ask yourself the following questions: Do pre- and postoperative measurements make sense and correlate with patient history? Are A-scan echo patterns and electronic caliper placement correct? Have correct values been entered into the formula?

Bias↗