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Biomedical subjects

C Kaneko

Publications and source records attributed to C Kaneko.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Huge hamartoma with inverted papilloma in the nasal cavity.

We report clinical experience in managing a 46-year-old Japanese man with long-standing nasal obstruction resulting from a huge left nasal mass. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy were used to make a provisional diagnosis of inverted papilloma. The mass was resected via a frontal approach combined with rhinotomy. Histopathologic examination of the resected specimen was consistent with a hamartoma that included an inverted papilloma on a portion of its surface. In addition to being rare tumors in the nasal cavity, we believe that our patient's tumor the largest nasal hamartoma ever reported.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between Ca-dependent change of serum PTH and extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor expression in parathyroid adenoma.

Abnormal PTH secretion and cell growth in hyperparathyroid tissues are accompanied with reduced expression of Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaR) which plays a key role in Ca-regulated PTH release. In this study, we examined the receptor expression in parathyroid adenomas using specific anti-CaR antibody and investigated relationship between CaR expression in adenomatous tissues and parameters of Ca-dependent change of serum PTH. The results show a considerable variation in the number of CaR positive cells among the adenomatous tissues. Expression of the receptor protein was not related to set-point error but was more reduced in the patients with more elevated minimum or baseline levels of serum PTH. CaR expression was severely reduced in the patients with highly elevated maximum serum PTH, while the receptor expression was also decreased in some patients with normal maximum serum PTH. Baseline level / maximum level ratio of serum PTH was increased in these patients. In conclusion, reduced CaR expression is related to abnormality in three parameters of PTH secretion (minimum serum PTH, maximum serum PTH, and baseline level / maximum level ratio of serum PTH) and may contribute to hypersecretion from parathyroid adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Presence of nuclear grooves in endometrial cytology.

Although the presence of nuclear grooving in papillary carcinomas of the thyroid has been well-described, so far the attention paid to similar structures in endometrial cell samples has been limited. In order to investigate the occurrence of nuclear grooves in endometrial specimens from patients with various pathologic conditions of the endometrium, we compared their appearance with papillary thyroid cancers. A total of 10 cases was studied (age range, 40-72 yr), all cases demonstrating nuclear grooves. In each case, 10 random high-power fields (HPFs) were investigated, and the numbers of fields in which nuclear grooving could be seen were recorded. Nuclear grooves were observed in 3-36 of each HPFs and were more often observed in atypical endometrial cells than in their normal-appearing counterparts; however, these nuclear alterations were thought to be nonspecific findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in joint tissues of rapidly destructive coxarthropathy (RDC), analyzed by immunohistochemical study].

OBJECTIVE: Rapidly destructive coxarthropathy (RDC) is characterized by rapid destruction of hip joints, but its pathogenetic mechanism is still obscure. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are possibly one of the candidates concerning with this mechanism. We attempted histochemical investigation to demonstrate MMPs and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in joint tissues obtained from RDC patients to clarify their roles in the destruction mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Joint tissues including synovia and cartilage-bone tissues were obtained from RDC patients at total hip replacement (THR). After fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde, cartilage-bone tissues were partly decalcified. We performed histochemical study for paraffin sections of these tissues by using avidin-biotin method. Antibodies used in this study were monoclonal antibodies to MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and polyclonal antibody to MMP-3. RESULTS: Histological feature of RDC was severe destruction of cartilage and bone by invasion of non-specific granulation tissues composed of many small vessels, macrophages and fibroblastic cells. At the same time, RDC showed apparently fewer lymphocytic cells in these granulation tissues compare with rheumatoid arthritis. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were expressed most demonstrably in synovia and destructive regions of femoral heads, especially in osteoclasts, macrophages, and fibroblastic cells, while MMP-1, MMP-3, were slightly expressed only in the superficial layer of synovia in limited cases. MMP-8, usually contained in neutrophils, was not present in RDC. On the other hand TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were presented throughout the synovia and destructive regions of femoral heads including fibroblastic cells, macrophages, osteoblasts and osteocytes. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical study revealed obvious presence of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in synovia and destructive regions of femoral heads in RDC. Those evidence suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 share very important role in the destructive mechanism of RDC, possibly under imbalance between TIMPs.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Do epidermal Langerhans cells, migrating from skin lesions, induce the paracortical hyperplasia of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy?

In the present study, immunohistochemical and immuno-electron microscopic techniques were used to differentiate Langerhans cells (LC) from interdigitating cells (IDC) in the lymph nodes (LN) of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy. The majority of the dendritic cells that existed in the LN of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy were positive for OKT-6 (CD 1a) antibody. It was concluded that these dendritic cells were not IDC, but LC. Electron microscopically, LC in these LN contained a few Birbeck granules (BG). In order to prove the fact that these dendritic cells were LC, the existence of BG was investigated ultrastructurally by examining serial sections, and immunoelectron microscopically for CD 1a positive cells. Most of the LC in the lymph nodes we examined were negative for the anti-proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody. This finding may mean that LC in the LN are fully developed cells and do not divide in the LN. Langerhans cells may migrate from the skin lesions to the paracortical areas in the LN, which then may become enlarged.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

A comparative study on Langerhans cells in lymph nodes with dermatopathic lymphadenopathy and histiocytosis X cells.

It was elucidated that the majority of DC were LC which were positive for CD 1a, but negative for PCNA, and possessed BG in the lymph nodes with DPL. On the other hand, HCX cells were almost always positive for PCNA. From this point of view, it can be speculated that LC in the lymph nodes of the DPL are non dividing mature cells and migrate from the skin lesion. HCX cells which were positive for CD 4 may be more immature cells than LC in DPL, and may be pathological cells which can divide in the foci.

Antigens, CD1↗
PubMed1995

Differentiation of Langerhans cells from interdigitating cells using CD1a and S-100 protein antibodies.

The present study shows that Langerhans cells can be differentiated from interdigitating cells at the light microscopic level. Superficial lymph nodes and skin taken from necropsies and the lymph nodes of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy (DPL) were used for this experiment. Sections of lymph node and skin were embedded using the acetone, methyl benzoate and xylene (AMeX) method and dendritic cells were immunostained with anti S-100 protein antibody (S-100, and OKT-6 (CD1a) using the restaining method. Langerhans cells in the skin were positive for both CD1a and S-100. Dendritic cells positive for both CD1a and S-100, and dendritic cells positive for S-100, but not for CD1a were observed in superficial lymph nodes. In normal superficial lymph nodes, there were more interdigitating cells than Langerhans cells. The majority of the dendritic cells in the DPL were Langerhans cells. We conclude that the S-100 and CD1a positive cells are Langerhans cells, and the S-100 positive-CD1a negative cells are interdigitating cells.

Antigens, CD1↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis of carbocyclic nucleoside precursors from bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enes using a novel reductive C-C bond cleavage reaction.

Dimethyl c-4-aminomethylcyclo-pent-2-en-r-1-ylmalonate, an precursor of carbocyclic homo-nucleosides, has been synthesized from the bicyclo-[2.2.1]helpt-5-ene derivative prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with dimethyl trifluoroacetylaminomethylenemalonate, which is a new dienophile. The synthetic method involves a novel C-C bond cleavage reaction by sodium borohydride.

Borohydrides↗
PubMed1994

Comparative studies of the same adenocarcinoma cells, macrophages, and mesothelial cells by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

The identification of cells in body cavities of cancer patients is sometimes difficult to make. In order to make a definite cytological diagnosis, we observed the same cells by using light microscopy (LM)-scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study we first stained cells by the Papanicolaou method after fixation in 1% glutaraldehyde for LM, and then attempted to observe them successively by SEM-TEM after fixation in 1% paraformaldehyde and 1.25% OsO4. Our method and procedures in examining successively one and the same cells in body cavity fluids by using LM, SEM, and TEM ensured accurate discrimination among adenocarcinoma cells, mesothelial cells, and macrophages. The results of this study suggest that LM-SEM-TEM may be of diagnostic value in distinguishing among mesothelial cells, macrophages, and adenocarcinoma cells. This method also succeeded in disclosing differences between the ultrastructure of the cell surfaces, and those of the cytoplasm, and of the nuclei. It is desirable that LM-SEM-TEM observation can be introduced into various aspects in order to obtain an improvement in the diagnosis by cytologic examination, the judgment of therapeutical effects, drug selection, and prognostic presumption.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Studies on Langerhans cells in the tracheal squamous metaplasia of vitamin A deficient rats.

LCs in the tracheal squamous metaplasia of vitamin A deficient rats were studied. The first appearance of LCs with Birbeck granules (BGs) was in the stage of stratification. The number of LCs increased along with the development of metaplasia, but decreased in number in the later stage, where basal cells also differentiate into flattened epithelium. In the area where only basal cells differentiated into flatter epithelium, without a cornified layer, LCs with BGs could also be found. These findings suggest that LCs which originate in bone marrow mature in squamous epithelium. The distribution and morphology of LCs are dependent on the state of keratinocytes, but not the presence of a cornified layer.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of Langerhans cells and interdigitating reticulum cells.

Double immunostaining for OKT-6 and S-100 protein antibodies was carried out. However, it was impossible to stain using two antibodies at the same time, or using one antibody prior to another. We first stained using FITC labeled OKT-6 antibody, and secondary stained for S-100 protein by the ABC method, after taking photographs and removing OKT-6 reaction products. The exact same cells could be stained by both OKT-6 and S-100 protein antibodies. It has been elucidated that both OKT-6 and S-100 protein positive cells are LCs, and only S-100 protein positive, but OKT-6 negative cells are IDCs. LCs only exist in the superficial and hilar lymph nodes. However IDCs exist not only in these lymph nodes, but also in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Migration and maturation of Langerhans cells in squamous metaplasia of the rat trachea induced by vitamin A deficiency.

The migration and maturation of Langerhans cells (LCs) in rat tracheal squamous metaplasia due to vitamin A deficiency were investigated immunohistochemically and electron microscopically. In the early stage of metaplasia, i.e. basal cell hyperplasia, no LCs with Birbeck granules (BGs) could be found, but there were desmosome-free cells which had the morphological characteristic of immature LCs. They were clearly different from inflammatory cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes, and were, therefore, considered to be precursors of LCs. In the stage of stratification, small numbers of Ia- and protein kinase C type II (PKCII)-positive cells were recognized. Ultrastructurally they were immature LCs with ovoid nuclei, many free ribosomes and few dendrites. The cytoplasm was dark and a few BGs and atypical granules (AGs) could be seen in the Golgi area. In the early stage of cornification, LCs with partially intended nuclei, prominent nucleoli and well-developed Golgi complexes were found. There were many BGs and AGs and structures transitional between them in the Golgi areas. In epithelium showing mature squamous metaplasia, many Ia- and PKCII-positive dendritic cells could be seen. Most of these were typical mature LCs with lobulated nuclei, clear cytoplasm and prominent dendritic processes. The number of BGs and AGs were fewer than in the LCs found in the early stage of cornification, and these granules were distributed throughout the cytoplasm. In the final stage, where the basal cells had differentiated into a flatter epithelium, few LCs could be seen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Remarkable acceleration for the deamination of carbocyclic purine nucleosides by adenosine deaminase under high-pressure.

Deamination of an anti-HIV carbocyclic adenine nucleoside, 9-[c-4,t-5-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-r-1-yl]-9H-adenine [(+/-)-BCA] and (+/-)-diamino-carbovir by adenosine deaminase under high-pressure (4 kbar) was carried out. Deamination of the former gave the corresponding (-)-hypoxanthine derivative whereas that of the latter produced (-)-carbovir having anti-HIV activity. The enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of both products was nearly 100%.

Adenine↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 9-[c-4,t-5-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-r-1-yl]-9H-adenine.

The synthesis and in vitro anti-HIV activity of two new racemic nucleoside analogues are described; namely, 9-[c-4,t-5-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-en-r-1-yl]-9H-adenine (12) and its guanine analogue 18. While the latter (18) showed no activity, the therapeutic index of the former (12) was 200 and comparable to that (400) of carbovir. One enantiomer of 12 may be viewed as an analogue of carbocyclic oxetanocin and the other as an analogue of carbovir. Hence, these results indicate that one or both of the individual enantiomers of 12 could serve as candidates or lead compounds for the development of anti-AIDS agents.

Adenine↗
PubMed1992

Resolution of 9-(c-4,t-5-bishydroxymethylcyclopent-2-en-r-1-yl)-9H-adenine and selective inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus by the (-) enantiomer.

Two enantiomers of 9-(c-4,t-5-bishydroxymethylcyclopent-2-en-r-1-yl)-9H- adenine (BCA) which showed a potent and selective anti-HIV effects have been synthesized and evaluated against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The result demonstrated that the potent-HIV activity of racemic BCA is expressed solely by the (-) isomer.

Adenine↗