Congenital and acquired early childhood syphilis.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C K Janniger.
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Kaposi's sarcoma is a unique neoplasm which has emerged as an important element of AIDS in homosexuals but not in others at high risk for AIDS. The biology of this important tumor may be related to cytokines secreted by HIV-infected cells and/or by Kaposi's sarcoma cells themselves. We report 3 patients with multiple keloid-like tumors. These lesions proved to be Kaposi's sarcoma histologically, yet with a unique keloidal component. This variant has not been described previously. It is possible that cytokines that stimulate Kaposi's sarcoma cell growth may also stimulate proliferation of local fibroblasts to produce this variant.
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There are two types of sclerosing basal cell carcinoma (BCC), one entirely with this histology and a second with a prominent sclerosing component. Sclerosing BCC and nodular BCC with a sclerosing component often represent a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
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The incidence of syphilis is increasing, predominantly among urban heterosexuals. Early recognition is important in preventing progression of the disease and transmission of Treponema pallidum to the fetus. Untreated primary syphilis is characterized by intervals of active disease punctuated by periods of latency. Not all patients progress through each phase, and the physician must be alert to varying presentations. Cutaneous lesions are the hallmark of syphilis. However, diagnosis can be difficult, because the lesions can be asymptomatic or transient. The course of syphilis is accelerated in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, and these patients frequently exhibit atypical lesions. The incidence of congenital syphilis is increasing, and efforts to control fetal morbidity depend on prompt recognition and treatment of infection during pregnancy. The definitive diagnosis of any stage of syphilis is based on historical and clinical findings supported by serologic testing.
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Fair-skinned persons who have had significant exposure to the sun are at greatest risk for basal cell carcinoma. Clinically, basal cell carcinomas include numerous nodular and flat types. The lesions of basal cell carcinoma are usually asymptomatic until enlargement, bleeding or invasion of underlying tissue occurs. Metastasis is rare. A biopsy should be obtained before destructive treatment is carried out. Surgical excision, curettage and electrodesiccation or cryosurgery are acceptable procedures for removal of most lesions. Periodic follow-up is necessary to screen for new or recurrent skin cancer.
The ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft palate syndrome is a rare type of ectodermal dysplasia. It usually occurs either as an autosomal dominant trait or in a sporadic form. We describe a neonate with this syndrome and generalized telangiectasias, an association that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously reported.
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