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Biomedical subjects

C Joy

Publications and source records attributed to C Joy.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Unpublished rating scales: a major source of bias in randomised controlled trials of treatments for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: A recent review suggested an association between using unpublished scales in clinical trials and finding significant results. AIMS: To determine whether such an association existed in schizophrenia trials. METHOD: Three hundred trials were randomly selected from the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register. All comparisons between treatment groups and control groups using rating scales were identified. The publication status of each scale was determined and claims of a significant treatment effect were recorded. RESULTS: Trials were more likely to report that a treatment was superior to control when an unpublished scale was used to make the comparison (relative risk 1.37 (95% CI 1.12-1.68)). This effect increased when a 'gold-standard' definition of treatment superiority was applied (RR 1.94 (95% CI 1.35-2.79)). In non-pharmacological trials, one-third of 'gold-standard' claims of treatment superiority would not have been made if published scales had been used. CONCLUSIONS: Unpublished scales are a source of bias in schizophrenia trials.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Pediatric spinal cord injury.

Although the incidence of spinal cord injury in childhood is lower than in adults, the impact is significant when the number of years with resulting severe limitations are considered. Prevention is the key to spinal cord management in all age groups, but takes on a stronger, more emphasized sense of urgency with children. If methods of prevention fail, successful early management of a child with spinal cord injury is the best hope for a future filled with accomplishments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Pediatric cerebral resuscitation.

Children are less likely than adults to survive an event resulting in acute hypoxic and ischemic brain damage. Nevertheless, children who do survive are more likely to have an intact neurologic system if they receive prompt, effective resuscitative efforts, demonstrating a rapid return to hemodynamic stability. Continuation of advanced therapeutics may contribute to patient survival, with maintenance of normal homeostasis, control of intracranial pressure, prevention of seizures, and suppression of neuronal metabolism the best current management. However, the most pronounced emphasis in relation to pediatric brain survival is in the area of acute cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scalloping deformity of the corpus callosum following ventricular shunting.

PURPOSE: To describe six patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunting for hydrocephalus and developed scalloping deformity of the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum, and to evaluate the cause and frequency of this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 35 patients whose hydrocephalus was successfully corrected by V-P shunting were studied. To elucidate the possible anatomic basis for the scalloping deformity, gross examination of the corpus callosum relative to the adjacent anatomical structures was performed using autopsy specimens. RESULTS: Of the 35 patients who underwent successful V-P shunting, six (17%) developed a scalloping deformity of the corpus callosum. The deformity was noted exclusively in the body of the corpus callosum. This phenomenon was observed in both obstructive and communicating hydrocephalus regardless of the patient's age, but was particularly noted in patients with tectal tumors. CONCLUSION: The cause of this phenomenon may be a combination of long-standing hydrocephalus and normal pericallosal artery anatomy. Prolonged hydrocephalus softens the corpus callosum and the branches of the pericallosal arteries tether the corpus callosum to the overlying cingulate cortex at periodic intervals.

Adolescent↗