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Biomedical subjects

C Jersild

Publications and source records attributed to C Jersild.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Complement and leukocyte changes during major vascular surgery.

To gain further insight into the effects of major vascular surgery involving the abdominal aorta on complement and leukocytes, serial measurements of leukocyte and differential counts, plasma concentrations of C3d, and granulocyte elastase bound to alpha1 proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha1PI) were made after aorta declamping in a group of patients not receiving blood or plasma. In the hours after declamping, lymphocyte count decreased, whereas an increase was noticed in leukocytes, neutrophils, and plasma E-alpha1PI. Complement activation was not found. Previous reports on complement activation during aortic surgery probably reflect the administration of blood and plasma during the surgical procedures. Whether aortic cross-clamping or interaction between granulocytes and the aortic prothesis is responsible for the release of lysosomal enzymes during the procedure warrants further studies.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1988

Complement and leukocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass: effects on plasma C3d and C5a, leukocyte count, release of granulocyte elastase and granulocyte chemotaxis.

In an effort to further elucidate the complex changes in the complement-leukocyte system during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), plasma levels of C3d, C5a, and granulocyte elastase bound to alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha1 PI) were followed prior to, during, and after CPB. Leukocyte and differential cell counts and granulocyte migration were also determined. Complement activation was documented during CPB by an increase in plasma C3d corrected for hemodilution. Significant amounts of C5a were not revealed. Cell counts decreased during CPB but, if corrected for hemodilution, remained unchanged apart from a slight decrease in lymphocyte count after 60 minutes. Eighteen hours after CPB, neutrocytosis and lymphopenia occurred. Plasma E-alpha1 PI increased during CPB, reflecting release of granulocyte lysosomal enzymes. Granulocyte migration was transitorily depressed during CPB, and it was shown that this was due to the appearance of an intrinsic cellular defect. CPB is associated with acute changes in cells and plasma, resembling an acute whole-body inflammatory response, with transitory impairment of granulocyte migration. The clinical significance of these observations remains to be determined.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Irradiated blood platelet concentrates stored for five days--evaluation by in vitro tests.

Platelet concentrates, irradiated with 15 Gy and stored for 5 days at room temperature under standardized conditions, were evaluated by in vitro tests and electron microscopy, in a paired study with nonirradiated platelets from the same concentrates, to investigate their usefulness for transfusion. The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in pH, pO2, pCO2, in vitro platelet aggregation, LDH, beta-thromboglobulin and thromboxane-B2. Examination by electron microscopy showed a higher degree of degranulation in the 5-day-old platelets but no certain difference between irradiated versus nonirradiated platelets. On the basis of satisfactory in vitro storage properties, platelet concentrates can be stored for 5 days in PL-1240 bags after irradiation. However, we recommend irradiation just before transfusion whenever possible.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1988

Multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands. IV. The lack of a relationship between canine distemper and the epidemics of MS.

Clinical onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) occurred in 32 native resident Faroese between 1943 and 1973, comprising 3 consecutive epidemics of decreasing frequency. Relationship of MS with the appearance of canine distemper (CD) was explored by serologic studies, questionnaires, and veterinarian reports. Tested were sera from 12 MS patients and 112 controls among the 22 patients and 192 controls with questionnaires in 1978-1979. The daily treatment ledgers of the Veterinarian of the Faroes 1940-1961 were also reviewed and additional Faroese interviewed 1987-1988 as to CD. History of CD was determined for residence of all 32 MS. There was no evidence of elevated CD antibody titers in MS vs controls for neutralizing titers or ELISA values, nor to ELISA for measles. In the questionnaires only one patient and 2 of his sibs reported owning (the same) dog(s) with CD during the war. One other patient reported a possibly sick dog but not CD. CD occurred in one southern village 1941-1942, was present on Vágar from 1941-1950, and was epidemic on Streymoy 1944-1945 with scattered cases there and elsewhere through 1950. There was no significant correlation between villages with CD and MS residents. We conclude that the occurrence of multiple sclerosis was not related to the presence of canine distemper or sick dogs in the Faroe Islands.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

HTLV-III antibody testing in three Danish blood banks.

The Organon Teknika Vironostika anti-HTLV-III/LAV test was evaluated in three Danish blood banks. The evaluation comprised in total 3,940 consecutive donors. In all three blood banks the tests were carried out exactly according to the manufacturer's instructions, using a low cut-off value defined as (4N + P)/5, where N and P are means of optical densities of known negative and positive samples. By this method the overall frequency of repeatably positive samples was 0.30%. When tested by Western blot, however, none of these samples were shown to contain specific antibodies against HTLV-III/LAV proteins. When testing different categories of patients, only sera containing HLA antibodies gave rise to false-positive reactions. Finally, important differences in the results were observed regarding sample preparation, single or dual wavelength optical density readings, and the experience of the technical staff.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Biocompatibility of a new polycarbonate dialysis membrane.

The present report summarizes our experience with a new polycarbonate (PC)-based dialysis membrane (Gambro Lundia PRO-5) compared with a cuprophan (CP)-based membrane (Gambro Lundia 10-5N). Platelet count decreased during dialysis with CP, but was unchanged with PC membranes. Platelet injury, reflected by decreased platelet aggregation and increase in plasma beta-thromboglobulin, occurred equally with both membranes. Complement activation (C3d and C5a), leukopenia and release of granulocyte-derived elastase was more extensive with CP than with PC membranes. The new membrane represents an improvement of biocompatibility with respect to the complement-leukocyte system, whereas the effect on platelets resembles the injury caused by CP membranes.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1985

On the kinetics of complement activation, leucopenia and granulocyte-elastase release induced by haemodialysis.

In order to elucidate the kinetics of haemodialysis-induced activation of complement, leucopenia and release of granulocyte-elastase, 10 patients (three females and seven males; mean age 47.8 years) were extensively studied during a 4 h haemodialysis treatment and for the following 24 h, and further compared with a healthy control group. Prior to dialysis patients had normal leucocyte count, plasma elastase bound to alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha 1P1) and total haemolytic complement, whereas plasma C3d was higher and plasma C5a lower than in controls. Haemodialysis induced initial leucopenia and subsequent rebound phenomenon lasting 24 h post treatment. These alterations were due to almost selective changes in neutrophile count as monocyte and lymphocyte counts, apart from decrease in the first 30 min, were unchanged. Total haemolytic complement decreased initially during dialysis and rose at the end. Generation of C5a within the dialyser was evident by demonstration of high levels of this anaphylatoxin in dialyser effluent plasma; maximal values observed coincided with the nadir of leukopenia. Plasma C3d and E-alpha 1P1 both progressively rose during dialysis. After termination of extracorporeal circulation the disappearance rates (T/2) were approximately 6 h and 2.5 h respectively. Haemodialysis thus induces changes in the complement and leucocyte system resembling an acute inflammation, which out-lasts the treatment period.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Adult respiratory distress-like syndrome during hemodialysis: relationship between activation of complement, leukopenia, and release of granulocyte elastase.

Twelve patients with terminal uremia (8 females and 4 males) treated with chronic maintenance hemodialysis, were extensively studied during two successive dialyses with alternate use of either a Cuprophan (CP) based membrane, or a Polycarbonate (PC) membrane. Arterial plasma levels of total hemolytic complement, complement factors C3d and C5a, and granulocyte derived elastase were determined immediately before dialysis and sequentially during the entire procedure. Effluent line from the hemodialyzer was similarly sampled. Collected samples were centrifuged immediately at the bedside and instantly frozen in liquid nitrogen in order to preserve labile plasma components of complement. Analysis of the overall results shows that initial arterial leukopenia and generation of C5a in the hemodialyzer, as well as maximal values of hemodialysis-induced free plasma C3d and granulocyte elastase are related. Reflecting differences in biocompatibility, CP membranes were shown to induce significantly more leukopenia, increase in plasma free C3d, generation of C5a, and release of granulocyte-derived elastase. These results indicate that activation of complement, leukopenia, and release of granulocyte derived elastase are interlinked pathophysiological mechanisms of importance for acute deterioration of pulmonary function during hemodialysis, and that this condition is closely related to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Recurrent herpetic keratitis and HLA antigens.

A non-selected group of 50 patients with recurrent herpetic keratitis, subclassified into groups of stromal or epithelial forms was typed for HLA-ABC antigens. In none of the groups was a statistically significant association to a certain HLA antigen found. When these data are combined with other reviewed reports on HLA types in recurrent herpetic keratitis, a statistically significant association between HLA-B5 and the whole group of recurrent herpetic keratitis, as well as between the subgroup of recurrent stromal keratitis, could be demonstrated. Recurrent epithelial keratitis showed an insignificant association to this antigen.

HLA Antigens↗