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Biomedical subjects

C Jamin

Publications and source records attributed to C Jamin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Pregnancy after diagnosis of menopause].

Menopause is a probability diagnosis. Menopause does not mean permanent infertility, particularly in the case of premature menopause. We have realised a national enquiry in order to precise the pregnancy phenomenon after diagnosis of menopause. We found 116 pregnancy cases, which occurred 2.4 years (average) after menopause diagnosis. Pregnancies occur more often in the case of premature menopause and seem to be favoured by hormonal replacement therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

CD5+ B cells and the immune system.

The CD5+ B-cell population is prominent in early life and may play a key role in the ontogeny of the immune system. Transplantation studies in mice are in support of CD5+ B cells as a separate lineage from CD5- B cells. In both mice and men there is evidence in favour of CD5 being an activation antigen rather than a lineage marker, but the jury is still out! The frequency of CD5+ B cells appears to be under genetic influence. CD5+ B cells are receptive to many cytokines including IL-2 and IL-5 and themselves produce a number of cytokines especially IL-10. The function of the CD5 molecule on B cells is presently unknown but it might be involved in interaction with CD72 on other B cells. CD5+ B cells generally utilise minimally mutated germ-line genes and produce low avidity auto- and polyreactive antibodies (natural antibodies) generally of the IgM class.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of CD5 and CD72 on T and B cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome.

A minority of B cells express the CD5 marker, which is found on virtually all T cells, and CD72 has been defined as the CD5 ligand on the B cell membrane. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the CD5 molecules was shown to be higher on CD4+CD29+ than CD4+CD45RA+ in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (P < 0.0001 and < 0.001), and PB of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients and normal controls (P < 0.02 and < 0.03). This MFI declined once the CD4 expressed HLA-DR in PB of SS patients (P < 0.004) and normal controls (P < 0.02) or CD25 in PB of RA (P < 0.004) and SS patients (P < 0.0004). There was a correlation between the CD5 MFI on CD4+CD45RA+ and CD4+CD29+ in RA (P < 0.001) as well as SS (P < 0.0007) PB. The CD72 MFI was impressively higher on CD5+ than CD5- B cells in PB and SF of RA patients (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.005) and PB of SS patients (P < 0.005) and normal controls (P < 0.005). Our data suggest that, in association with CD4CD29, CD5 is involved in CD5+B/CD5+ B cell interactions in non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[High-dose progestational contraception: advantages].

In spite of the nearly total effectiveness of classic estrogen-progestogen oral contraception and its good overall tolerance, in a not inconsiderable number of situations yet, it is not possible to resort to it. These situations are the following: high blood pressure, hyperlipemia, diabetes, minor mastopathy, premenstrual tension either spontaneous or under estroprogestogen therapy. Macroprogestational contraception using either pregnanes (chlormadinone acetate) or nor-pregnanes, promegestone, nomegestrol acetate, can be then the right solution. Clinical and metabolic tolerance is excellent. In the occurrence of hypoestrogeny symptoms, a combination of nomegestrol acetate-estradiol 17 beta, transdermally administered, has given top results in a preliminary study.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Cell-free CD5 in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Since an increased frequency of CD5+ B cells has been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and the expression of the molecule was reduced on the T cells of some SS patients, we hypothesised that there would be an accelerated turnover of CD5 in these disorders. We describe a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring cell-free (CF) CD5, using rabbit F(ab')2 anti-CD5 antibody as capture agent and monoclonal anti-CD5 antibody as revealing agent. It was established that CF-CD5 was detectable in RA and SS sera, as opposed to sera from patients with ankylosing spondylitis and normal controls. The level of CF-CD5 did not correlate with rheumatoid factor in RA patients but was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in SS patients with extraglandular manifestations than in those with glandular disease. Three of the latter patients with significantly increased levels of CD5-negative T cells did not have a particularly high proportion of CF-CD5 in these sera.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Anti-Epstein-Barr virus-nuclear antigen-1, -2A and -2B antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their relatives.

We have examined serum antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus Nuclear Antigen (EBNA)-1, -2A and -2B, in addition to antibodies to viral capsid antigen and early antigen in 100 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 50 of their relatives. Using indirect immunofluorescence on transfected cells and Western-blot technique, we have found increased frequency and titres of antibodies to EBNA-2B in patients and, to a lesser degree, in their family members, whereas other anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibodies appeared to be similar to controls. Cross-inhibition experiments were carried out and show that antibodies to EBNA-2A are distinct from those to -2B, and vice versa.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Female contraception by a normal dose progestogen after 40 years of age. Possible association of nomegestrol--17-beta-estradiol acetate by percutaneous route].

Although fertility declines with age, the use of an effective contraceptive remains necessary in women over 40. Endocrine disorders, which are common in this age group, may also often require control. Conventional estroprogestogens, even those of the latest generation, cannot be used in women with a high cardiovascular risk, since age cannot be totally excluded as a possible risk factor. The contraceptive use of derivatives of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and 19-norprogesterone offer a promising alternative, despite the absence of any exhaustive investigation particularly in situations in which the blood level of estradiol has to be reduced. There are, however, some women who respond to this type of contraception by menstrual cycle irregularities, and sometimes by low blood levels of estradiol, regardless of the drug used. A preliminary study is described in which 5 mg of nomegestrol acetate was combined with 17-beta-estradiol by transcutaneous route and which has so-far demonstrated sustained contraceptive efficacy as well as excellent clinical and metabolic safety.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

[Menopause and cardiovascular risk factors. Influence of treatments].

Along with menopause goes an increase of cardiovascular heart disease risk, and at the same time a change in certain risk factors. Those risk factor changes are analysed. The most obvious change is cholesterol increase, mostly on its LDL fraction linked to a decrease of its regular epuration. Today, the influence of replacement therapy on cardiovascular heart disease risk is not well known, and this is due mostly to the fact that there are no randomized studies. Thus exists a selection of women with low risk levels, either at the beginning or during follow-up. As a consequence results are necessarily optimized. It is possible to extrapolate the risk factor evolution under treatment only if its mechanism is known. Thus, when estradiol is given not the oral route, lipidic balance is brought back to its premenopausal state, without any noticeable influence on other known risk factors. It is thus reasonable to see there a favorable influence. When estradiol or any other similar molecule is given the oral route, one can notice, depending on the dose and the molecule, similar changes, along however with other variations which actual consequences remain unknown, like the increase of certain coagulation factors, of angiotensinogen, of triglycerides on HDL cholesterol. In particular, one does not know if those last pharmacological changes do not have a negative effect on predisposed patients.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1989

[Prevention of postmenopausal bone loss with estrogens. Which molecule, which scheme, which dose?].

Estrogen therapy prevents post-menopausal bone loss. Minimal effective dosage, or best, estradiol circulating blood level threshold, is difficult to assess but necessary for broadly used drugs. Concerning oral estrogens, only one minimal dose, statistically efficient for a large group of subjects can be determined. Because of individual metabolic variability, this dose is high and non-adjustable. Cutaneous estrogens administration can theoretically overcome this inconvenience and allow a precise adjustment of circulating blood level. However, if a drug will develop bioavailability changes or poor compliance, it will be necessary to increase daily dosage in order to abolish these variations. This will result in an overestimate of the minimal estradiol circulating blood level threshold. This overestimate is directly dependent on the galenic properties of the substance used and the compliance which will result from its use. Lastly, the more individual results will show dispersal, the more the patient will need blood level controls.

Estrogens↗
PubMed1986

[Hirsutism].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

[Insulinoma: diagnostic elements. 13 cases].

The mean age of the 13 patients studied (9 women, 7 men) was 50.5 +/- 15.7 years. The disease was discovered on account of malaise (3 cases), behavioural disorders (4 cases), coma (3 cases), syncope (1 case) or right hemiparesis (1 case) or in the course of systematic examination (1 case). Eleven patients consulted for evaluation of hypoglycaemia and 2 for behavioural disorders. The history was characteristic, with malaise, loss of consciousness, severe neurological disorders (seizures, hemiparesis, hemiplegia or coma) and psychiatric disorders. These symptoms typically occurred in the morning before breakfast or between meals in 9 patients, and atypically at any point of time or after meals in 4 patients. Their hypoglycaemic nature was demonstrated by blood glucose determination in 11/13 cases and by response to ingestion of sugar in 12/13 cases. The mean period elapsed between the initial symptoms and the final diagnosis was 20.3 +/- 17.3 months. Inappropriate insulin secretion was elicited a.m. before breakfast, during Conn's diet or fasting test, or by calculating the blood insulin/glucose ratio or Turner's coefficient. Prior to surgery, the insulinoma was located by ultrasonography in 3/8 cases, by computerized tomography in 2/6 cases, by selective arteriography in 6/11 cases, and by phlebography with spleno-portal catheterization and staged sampling for insulin and C-peptide assays in 8/9 cases. Histological examination after surgery (11 cases) or necropsy (1 case) showed an adenoma without evidence of malignancy.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1985

[Current aspect of Sheehan's syndrome. 20 cases].

The 20 women investigated were 22 to 59 years old (average 35.9 +/- 2.3 years) when the diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome was confirmed. Fourteen had had previous pregnancies, 6 were primiparas; average parity was 4. The patients were delivered in hospital, in France, in 14 cases, and abroad (Algeria, Portugal) at home in 6 cases. A history of severe haemorrhage during delivery was recorded in all but 2 cases. This was serious enough to warrant hysterectomy in 2 cases. Agalactia and amenorrhea were observed in all but 1 case in the immediate post-partum period. Transient polyuria and polydipsia occurred in 3 patients. In the months following birth, most women lead restricted lives; they were apathetic, asthenic and indifferent. The diagnosis was established under three different circumstances: in the majority (15/20) on clinical grounds, in 3 cases after acute adrenal failure, in 2 cases, fortuitously. Clinical examination showed signs of global anterior hypophyseal insufficiency involving thyroid, adrenal and gonad stimulating hormones in 14 cases; in 6 cases, the pituitary failure was dissociated. Corticotrophin, somatotropin and prolactin deficiencies were observed in all patients; gonadotrophin (17/20) and thyrotrophin (16/20) deficiencies were common. The diagnosis was confirmed less than 1 month (2 cases) to over 12 years (7 cases) after obstetric haemorrhage (average 6.9 +/- 1.9 years). No correlation was observed between the severity of the syndrome and this time interval. The short term outcome was favourable with return of menstruation and even pregnancy in one patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗