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Biomedical subjects

C Jacquot

Publications and source records attributed to C Jacquot.

243 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of proxibarbal blood levels. The role of various elimination processes].

Half-lives of barbiturates are short when their lipid solubility is high but long when they are less lipophilic. Infection of radiolabelled proxibarbal to rats, and analysis of their blood by thin-layer chromatography shows that this compound, though highly hydrophilic has a short half-life of elimination (51 mn). Neither hepatic oxidation nor tissular distribution are important (different from lipophilic compounds). Valofan formation plays a role in the decrease of barbiturate-alcohol concentration. When equilibrium between proxibarbal and valofan is established, it does not influence any more the elimination rate. It explains that the apparent half-life of these two compounds are similar. Tubular reabsorption is stopped by the highly hydrophilic character of proxibarbal (different from medium lipophilic compounds) and elimination by kidney is the main process and explains the shortness of half-life.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute renal failure induced by retroperitoneal fibrosis revealing Hodgkin's disease. A case report. Five years complete remission with surgical and medical treatment. Subsequent fatal bronchogenic carcinoma (author's transl)].

A 57 year-old-man with acute renal failure was diagnosed as having retroperitoneal fibrosis. Malignant lymphoma is suspected because of peripheral lymphadenopathy, but biopsies are unrevealant. Nephrostomy restores kidney function. Many other histologic samplings performed during three laparotomies are necessary to diagnose Hodgkin's disease. Nephrostomy is complicated with iterative acute pyelonephritis and septicaemias which make chemotherapy unadvisable. Ureterolysis is unsuccessful. Urinary tract infection disappears after uretero-ileoplasty. Subsequently chemotherapy induces a complete remission during 5 years with normal renal function. We review two previously reported cases of this unusual cause of malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis. Diagnostic procedures and therapeutic management are discussed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.

Combining cyclophosphamide (Cy) and corticosteroids has dramatically improved the prognosis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). But this treatment carries the risks of severe infectious complications and drug toxicity. During a 10-month period, we observed 6 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 23 patients with biopsy-proven WG and renal involvement. These 23 patients were enrolled in a multicenter controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of either intermittent high-dose pulse Cy or daily oral low-dose Cy in combination with oral prednisone. Mean delay of onset of PCP was 2.5 months after the beginning of the immunosuppressive therapy. In all cases, the diagnosis of PCP was established by cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. None of the patients experienced severe leukopenia at the time of diagnosis, but the mean lymphocyte count decreased to 495/mm3 (range 100 to 830/mm3) and 2 patients had inverted CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios. Renal function was significantly impaired (creatininemia = 493.5 vs 195.4 micromol/l; p = 0.03) in the 6 patients presenting PCP vs those without. High-dose co-trimoxazole therapy was successful in 3 patients, but 3 others who required mechanical ventilation died. Treatment of WG with daily prednisone and either pulse or oral Cy may have contributed to higher rates of PCP in the past than previously thought and, therefore, patients currently receiving such a regimen may be at greater risk for PCP. For these patients, this opportunistic infection must remain highly suspect in order to reach a diagnosis earlier and rapidly initiate treatment. In addition, recommendations for prophylactic therapy are needed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between multidrug resistance and the degree of differentiation of non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo.

The correlation between the degree of expression of the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR-1) gene and the process of differentiation into non-small-cell, bronchopulmonary carcinoma was studied in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, a technique for the quantitative analysis of MDR-1 gene expression was developed by competitive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The study of 9 epidermoid carcinomas with various degrees of differentiation did not enable us to establish a correlation in vivo in the patient. However, an in vitro study performed on a non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line and two of its clones showed that MDR-1 gene expression increased with the degree of differentiation, which was confirmed in vivo when this line was xenografted into nude mice.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗