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Biomedical subjects

C Jacque

Publications and source records attributed to C Jacque.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Presumptive common precursor for neuronal and glial cell lineages in mouse hypothalamus.

The cellular localization of a neuronal and a glial cell specific protein (14-3-2 and S-100, respectively) has been explored in mouse hypothalamus in order to trace cell lineages. This study was performed on fixed slices, at the light microscope level, by using either the indirect peroxidase-labeled immunoglobulin technique or immunofluorescence. In the adult, only S-100 immunoreactivity was found in the ependymal layer. In contrast, the magnocellular neurons of the preoptic area displayed strong 14-3-2 immunoreactivity. At neonatal stages (fetal day 17-postnatal day 3), both 14-3-2 and S-100 immunoreactivities developed simultaneously in the same cells lining the ventral part of the third ventricle. Transient detachment of some of these ventricular cells could be visualized before migration in the hypothalamus where they remained as bipotential cells up to postnatal day 10. Later in the development, they differentiated into separate cells, one type containing 14-3-2 and the other S-100, like neurons and glial cells. These results argue for a developmental stage during which cells lining the ventricle are bipotential and may thus be candidates for the role of stem cells for both neuronal and glial lineages.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Absence of the major dense line in myelin of the mutant mouse "shiverer".

The myelin of the central nervous system (CNS) of the mutant mouse Shiverer is characterized by the absence of the major dense line (MDL). The intraperiod line, as seen in conventional electron micrographs and in freeze-fractured replicas, appears normal. Peripheral myelin, as seen in ventral and dorsal roots of spinal cord, is unaffected by the mutation. During the period of active myelination, the cytoplasm of most oligodendrocytes (ODs) is packed with electron-lucent vacuoles in continuity with the Golgi apparatus and with bundles of microtubules. It is concluded that a metabolic pathway possibly involving the Golgi apparatus, and contributing to the formation of the MDL is selectively affected in this mutant.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunochemical studies of myelin basic protein in shiverer mouse devoid of major dense line of myelin.

The myelin-deficient mutant Shiverer (Shi/Shi) lacks basic protein (MBP) in the myelin of its central nervous system (CNS). Less than 3% of the normal content in MBP is present in a brain extract of Shi/Shi as determined by radioimmunoassay. Indirect immunofluorescence is negative when using specific anti-MBP serum. The importance of Shi/Shi (as compared to other hypomelinating mutants) stems from the specificity of this genetic lesion, i.e. the lack of basic protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease: biochemical analysis of isolated myelin (electron-microscopy; protein, lipid and unsubstituted fatty acids analysis).

Analysis of myelin from a leukodystrophic brain was performed (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, classical type). Myelin recovery was 7% of normal, when isolated by ultracentrifugation. Electron microscopy showed a great amount of loose lamellae, with less thick sheaths and periodicity close to normal. This myelin contains fewer lipids than normal, sphingolipids and plasmalogens being reduced. FAtty acids from phospholipids are essentially normal, however enols from plasmalogens are largely reduced. Purified sphingolipids (cerebrosides, sulfatides and sphingomyelin) present a considerable diminution in very long chain fatty acids; the ratio of very long chain fatty acids (over C18) on shorter chains is 1% of the normal value for saturated fatty acids and 2% for the monounsaturated homologues. Protein analysis showed that basic protein and proteolipids were reduced, Wolfgram proteins being relatively increased.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1975

Plasma galactocerebrosides in multiple sclerosis.

Plasma cerebrosides were examined in 12 cases of multiple sclerosis which were compared to normal controls and patients with cerebrovascular accidents. A screening was performed so as to select patients with levels above to normal by means of thin-layer chromatography of the lipid extract. Glucose seems to be the only hexose to be found normally in plasma cerebrosides. The presence of galactocerebrosides may be a biological test for demyelination, as their presence seems to be related to the evolutionary state of multiple sclerosis. In a severe cerebrovascular accident, galactocerebrosides were also found.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplantation of CNS fragments into the brain of shiverer mutant mice: extensive myelination by implanted oligodendrocytes. I. Immunohistochemical studies.

Solid fragments of olfactory bulb from new-born normal (B6CBA and C57BL6) mice were implanted into new-born shiverer (shi/shi) brains. The shiverer mouse being characterized by the absence of myelin basic protein (MBP), myelination due to implanted oligodendrocytes can be detected in the shiverer brain using an antiserum anti-MBP. Observation of sagittal sections of the host brains revealed very extensive areas of normal myelination from the level of the graft (rostral thalamus) up to the caudal brain (diencephalon, cerebellum, pons). Thus, oligodendrocytes contained in the implant migrate out of the graft over long distances in the host brain, before they differentiate and synthesize myelin. These results raise the question of the behaviour of oligodendrocytes in normal development.

Animals↗