Shedding of a permanent tooth.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
C J Yeh
Publications and source records attributed to C J Yeh.
Psychiatric comorbidity in treatment-seeking anorexics and bulimics.
Current and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses were compared in 229 female patients seeking treatment for current episodes of anorexia nervosa (N = 41), bulimia nervosa (N = 98) and mixed anorexia nervosa and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version, which was modified to include a section for DSM-III-R eating disorders, the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation, and the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders. Seventy-three percent of the anorexia nervosa subjects, 60% of the bulimia nervosa subjects, and 82% of the mixed anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa subjects had a current comorbid Axis I diagnosis. Major depression was the most commonly diagnosed comorbid disorder. Low rates of alcohol and substances abuse disorder were diagnosed, and personality disorder occurred in a minority of the sample. The subjects with mixed disorder manifested a higher lifetime prevalence of kleptomania than either the anorexics or the bulimics. High levels of comorbidity were noted across the eating disorder samples. Mixed disorder subjects manifested the most comorbid psychopathology and especially warrant further study.
Adolescent↗
Common antigen expression between human periderm and other tissues identified by GB1-monoclonal antibody.
From 4 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA) until the end of the second trimester (24 weeks EGA) the fetal epidermis is covered by a specialised epithelium, the periderm. The origin and function of periderm remain speculative. We have demonstrated, using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining, that periderm is recognised by a mouse IgM monoclonal antibody (Mab) GB1, which has been raised against a simple extract of human amnion. Immunoelectron microscopy localises GB1 to the amniotic surface of periderm, particularly in association with the microvilli, and also bordering cellular identations of the periderm cells. GB1 antigen (ag) is also expressed by the epithelium of fetal oesophagus, fetal and adult conjunctiva and cornea but is absent in a variety of other fetal and adult tissues including bladder, oral mucosa and thymus. The similar distribution of GB1 ag in both periderm and membranes possibly suggests a common origin and the shared expression with fetal oesophagus and fetal and adult eye may indicate a function related to the fluid environment. We therefore feel that GB1 Mab may be of use in further investigations into the origin, structure and function of human periderm.
Amnion↗
Ultrasonographic demonstration of duplication cyst of the ileum.
The enteric duplication cyst is a term applied to an anomaly of the gut which presents as a cystic structure with a mucosal lining predominantly similar to that of the adjacent alimentary tract. It may be either due to an embryologic error in normal canalization or errors in the embryologic connection between the developing gut and neural tube, as a part of the split notochord syndrome. The preoperative diagnosis of a duplication cyst is difficult to make on the basis of conventional radiologic study including barium swallowing gastrointestinal series. With the wide application of ultrasound in the detection and evaluation of pediatric abdominal masses, an intra-abdominal cystic lesion may be encountered and the differential diagnoses may be difficult or impossible. We hereby report a case of duplication cyst of the ileum in which we believe its sonographic appearance is of certain value or even diagnostic in this pathology.
Child↗
Preliminary clinical study of transferrin-adriamycin conjugate for drug delivery to acute leukemia patients.
Seven patients with acute leukemia were treated intravenously with low doses of transferrin-Adriamycin conjugate. The total amount of drug given each patient was far below known toxicity levels for free Adriamycin. The number of tumor cells in peripheral blood diminished in treated patients, and bone marrow aspirates showed no evidence of disease progression. Two patients gave a febrile response and no hypersensitivity reactions were observed. Results of parallel basic research have shown that transferrin receptors on acute leukemia cells bind transferrin-Adriamycin conjugates, and kill by mechanisms at either the plasma membrane or nuclear levels, or both. Such conjugates may provide an alternative to monoclonal antibody drug targeting.
Acute Disease↗
[Posterior maxillary osteotomy for preprosthetic surgery--case report].
When the space created by missing mandibular posterior teeth is not filled for a long period of time, elongation of the opposite dentoalveolar segments of the maxilla is usually demonstrable. This condition introduces difficulties in later prosthetic restoration. There are many ways to be used in the solution of the problems dependent upon the severity of elongation. When the elongation is severe, in order to gain sufficient interarch space for prosthetic resotration, extraction of those teeth is usually inevitable. However, as an alternative, posterior maxillary osteotomy was adopted in the present study to intrude the clongated segment to the functional position in harmony with the occlusal plane and to maintain tooth vitality. From observation of 15 cases of severely elongated maxillary posterior teeth, it is concluded that favorable results with good prognosis, can be achieved by using posterior maxillary osteotomy as a procedure.
Adult↗
Topographical expression of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens on human amniotic epithelium.
The expression of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on different regions of human amnion was studied by the avidin-biotin-complex immunoperoxidase (ABC) technique using monoclonal antibodies. In contrast to previous reports, the use of higher affinity monoclonal antibodies and the sensitive immunoperoxidase method has allowed the identification of class I MHC antigens on the amniotic epithelium. The level of expression is different between cells from various parts of the amnion, with the amniotic epithelium from the edge of the placenta consistently showing the strongest reactivity. Some of the class I MHC antigens expressed by the amnion are similar to those expressed by extravillous trophoblast cells in that both show much weaker or no reactivity with the monoclonal antibody 61D2.
Amnion↗
Monoclonal antibody GB24 recognizes a trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen.
GB24 is a mouse monoclonal antibody (IgG1) raised against human term placental microvilli. This antibody displayed pan-trophoblast reactivity pattern. In addition, GB24 recognized normal peripheral leukocytes and transformed cell lines (Daudi, HL-60, Jurkat, AV3, BeWo, HT-29) by using membrane immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. By SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this antibody immunoprecipitated two proteins of 62 kilodaltons (kDa) and 75 kDa from placental microvilli. Isoelectrofocusing analysis revealed that these two bands exhibited different isoelectric points: 4.7 for the 62 kDa protein, 4.6 and 4.4 for the two spots corresponding to the 75 kDa protein. Microvilli from different placentae revealed substantial differences regarding the intensity of the labeling of these two bands, suggesting that the antigens recognized by GB24 are probably allotypic.
Amnion↗
[The management of chemically burned oral tissue--a case report].
Oral and perioral burns often result in post-healing microstoma, a shallow vestibule, tongue ankylosis, esthetic problems, and masticatory and speech impairments. The main cause being persistent extensive scar tissue contractions during the healing process. These disastrous sequelae can be minimized by surgical reconstruction. Use of special prosthesis may be required to provide scar tissue with the physical ability to resist contraction in post-injury and post-surgery stages. A twenty-eight-year old female was admitted to Makay Memorial Hospital in October 1986, with chemicals burn over the lower face, involving both upper and lower lips, and the entire oral mucosa. The patient had accidentally swallowed a corrosive detergent (Drano). Microstomia and tongue ankylosis developed within three months. Surgical reconstruction with the use of special oral prostheses (a commissure splint, angular retractor, and mouth protector) was conducted to counteract scar tissue contractions. Within two years of follow up, results were acceptable. The patient is presently able to open her mouth wide enough for both mastication and speech.
Adult↗
Monoclonal antibody GB3, a new probe for the study of human basement membranes and hemidesmosomes.
A monoclonal antibody, GB3, has been raised against human amnion. Not only does GB3 bind to amniotic basement membrane, but it also recognizes an antigenic structure expressed by epidermal as well as by some other human basement membranes. This antigen is synthesized (and excreted) by cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes. It is expressed to a lesser extent by the A431 epidermoid carcinoma cell line, but is not expressed by the SV40 virus-transformed SVK14 keratinocyte cell line. In ultrastructural studies, this antigen was located in the epidermal basement membrane, both in the lamina densa and in the lamina lucida, associated with hemidesmosomes. It was identified as a protein by in vitro proteolytic cleavage studies. The radio-immunoprecipitates from cultured human keratinocytes, analysed by SDS-PAGE, showed that GB3 recognized five polypeptides of 93.5, 125, 130, 146 and 150 kD under reducing conditions. They were probably linked by disulfide bonds. The tissue distribution of the antigen and the molecular weights (MWs) of its constitutive polypeptides suggest that it is different from other known components of basement membranes. It may provide a biochemical marker for hemidesmosomes. Furthermore, GB3 represents an interesting and original clinical probe, since the antigenic structure recognized by GB3 is lacking in Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa, a lethal genodermatosis in which a dermo-epidermal splitting occurs at the level of lamina lucida.
Amnion↗
Human amnion cells: modulation of expression of specific antigens.
Antigen expression by fetal cells near the mother is of interest because of the possibility that some antigens may stimulate beneficial maternal immune responses or may prevent the development of harmful responses. The recent generation of monoclonal antibodies to amnion and trophoblast antigens together with the finding that class I histocompatibility antigen (HLA) expression by amnion cells can be manipulated provided an opportunity to determine if any relationships exist among expression of HLA, amnion antigens, and trophoblast antigens. The results of the present study demonstrate that: class I HLA and amnion-specific antigens are co-expressed by IFN-gamma-modulated amnion cells, so neither prevents expression of the other; EGF enhances expression of two amnion-specific antigens; amnion cells do not express transferrin receptors, placental alkaline phosphatase, or other antigens normally associated with trophoblasts following exposure to IFN-gamma and/or EGF. The results demonstrate independent modulation of expression of class I HLA, two amnion-specific antigens, and some trophoblast-associated antigens on amnion epithelial cells.
Amnion↗
GB3 monoclonal antibody for diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa.
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Adult↗
Normal epithelial antigens recognized by GB3 and GB5 are diminished in intraductal and lost in infiltrating human breast carcinomas.
GB3 and GB5 are mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against human amnion. GB3 detects the epidermal basement membrane, and GB5 reacts with the junctional substances between the epithelial cells. These two antibodies were studied on breast tissues by indirect immunofluorescence. All (n = 8) of the normal mammary glandular basement membranes and epithelia reacted strongly with GB3 and GB5. In the intraductal carcinomas (n = 10), although nine out of ten tissues were reactive, their reactivities were greatly reduced. More strikingly, in the infiltrating carcinomas (n = 15), none of the tumor specimens were recognized by GB3 and only one out of fifteen biopsies was moderately reactive with GB5, indicating that the syntheses of the antigens of GB3 and GB5 were discontinued in the metastatic breast adenocarcinomas. These data suggest that these antigens may contribute to the interaction of the epithelium with the extracellular matrix and the intercellular binding between the epithelial cells; the loss of these antigens may facilitate the wide dissemination of tumor cells.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Monoclonal antibodies to human amnion.
Mouse hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies to human amnion were established. The reactivities of eight of these monoclonal antibodies (GB1, GB3, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB9, GB10 and GB11) on human skin and term extra-embryonic tissues, which included reflected amniochorions, basal plates, placentae, chorionic plates and umbilical cords, are reported. GB1, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB9 and GB11 showed various reactivity patterns on the epithelial cells of amnion, chorion and skin at different stages of differentiation. In addition, GB9 and GB11 showed extracellular reactivities; GB9 detected chorionic villi which were usually surrounded by fibrinoid and GB11 reacted with fibrinoid structures in the placentae and chorion laeve. GB10 recognized connective tissues in fetal mesenchyme and adult dermis. This study demonstrates the expression of many shared antigens between tissues derived from the extra-embryonic ectoderm and adult skin. These monoclonal antibodies will provide useful tools for further investigations of epithelial differentiation and transformation.
Amnion↗
The sensitivity to plasmin digestion of human IgG proteins of different heavy chain subclasses.
Normal IgG and purified IgG proteins of all 4 subclasses were digested with plasmin. As expected, IgG3 proteins were highly susceptible to degradation. Usually, activation with streptokinase resulted in faster and more accentuated degradation, but normal IgG was more intensely degraded by nonactivated plasmin. The presence of plasmin activators in IgG preparation might account for this observation.
Enzyme Activation↗
Monoclonal antibodies to T cell receptor gamma/delta complex react with human endometrial glandular epithelium.
We have tested a panel of four monoclonal antibodies to the T cell receptor (TCR) gamma/delta heterodimer (delta TCS-1, TS-8, TCR delta-1, anti- C gamma m 1) in pregnant and non-pregnant uteri. The TCR gamma/delta complex was not detected on stromal lymphocytes, but was localized in the cytoplasm of the endometrial glandular epithelium from most pregnant uteri. These antibodies also reacted with endometrial glandular epithelium in a majority of non-pregnant uteri; the reactivity was more consistent in secretory phase glands than that in the proliferative phase of menstrual cycle. However, three different monoclonal antibodies to CD3 (OKT3, leu 4, UCHT-1) failed to show any reactivity, suggesting that the presence of the TCR gamma/delta complex was not associated with CD3 complex. The TCR gamma/delta-positive glandular epithelial cells did not react with two monoclonal antibodies to the TCR alpha/beta complex, and they were also CD4- and CD8-negative. Together with the loss of the class 1 MHC antigens from these endometrial glandular epithelial cells in early pregnancy, these data suggest that these TCR gamma/delta-bearing endometrial glandular cells may undergo phenotypic alterations under local regulation of gene expression.
Antigens, CD↗