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Biomedical subjects

C J Watson

Publications and source records attributed to C J Watson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Mast cell lines produce lymphokines in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI or to calcium ionophores.

The cross-linkage of high affinity Fc epsilon receptors (Fc epsilon RI) on mast cells and basophils is central to the induction of allergic inflammatory responses. As a result of such cross-linkage, mast cells secrete a variety of preformed biologically active substances, such as histamine, and newly synthesized arachidonic acid metabolites. Here we show that cross-linkage of Fc epsilon RI on a series of nontransformed murine mast cell lines, or treatment of these cells with calcium ionophores, stimulates increased messenger RNA levels and secretion of a group of lymphokines classically produced by a subset of murine T cell lines (TH2 cells). These factors include interleukin-3 (a mast cell growth factor)s interleukin-4 (an IgE 'switch factor'), interleukin-5 (an eosinophil differentiation factor) and interleukin-6 (a factor controlling immunoglobulin secretion). The production of these polypeptide factors by mast cells may have great importance in the induction of allergic and anti-parasite inflammatory responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells.

BSF-1/interleukin-4, a product of activated T cells, has multiple biological activities that affect cells of most hematopoietic lineages. Among these is the ability of BSF-1 to costimulate the growth of mast cells and regulate the production of IgE. We demonstrate here that BSF-1 mRNA is expressed by a majority of transformed mast cell lines and by 5 IL-3-dependent non-transformed mast cell lines. BSF-1 activity, including the ability to enhance the growth of IL-3-dependent mast cells, was detected in the supernatants of transformed mast cells. The role of BSF-1 as a mast cell growth factor, its constitutive production by transformed mast cells, and the lack of IL-3 production by most of these cells raise the possibility that BSF-1 may act as an autocrine growth factor for some transformed mast cells. Furthermore, production of BSF-1 mRNA by nontransformed cells indicates that mast cells may be an important physiologic source of this factor.

Abelson murine leukemia virus↗
PubMed1987

Changes to the lower third facial profile following mandibular sulcoplasty with free skin grafting.

The lower third facial profile changes following anterior sulcoplasty with free skin grafting and bilateral mylohyoid ridge resection have been assessed. Nineteen patients were selected and were photographed prior to and at one month, 6 months and 1 year following surgery. The patients were photographed from an anterior and lateral position using a telecentric optics system designed to overcome geometric distortion. The patients were photographed both wearing and not wearing their complete dentures. Marked facial profile changes were found following surgery. There was a flattening of the labial mental fold and an increase in the bulk and prominence of the chin. The wearing of dentures enhanced this profile change. The changes were most marked in those patients in whom a larger labial sulcus extension was attempted.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1987

Pressures recorded at the denture base-mucosal surface interface in complete denture wearers.

This study reports on pressures recorded at the denture base-mucosal surface interface in four edentulous subjects. Four sites were selected, namely (a) the midpalatal region in the upper complete denture, (b) the labial to the mid-line lower complete denture, (c) directly under the lower left and (d) right first molar teeth. The study examined the reproducibility of the pressure values obtained when the subjects chewed two test foods (carrot and peanut). The subjects repeated the chewing sequences on the same day and one subject was tested over a 3-day period. The younger subjects and subjects with the shortest chewing sequences gave the most reproducible results. The two foods were shown to have different effects both on the pressure values recorded and the duration of the chewing sequence. Patients who transferred the food bolus from side to side during the chewing sequence affected the reproducibility of the results obtained from the lower denture transducers.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1986

Construction of a representative cDNA library from mRNA isolated from mouse oocytes.

A representative cDNA library has been constructed from the small quantities of poly(A)+ RNA present in unfertilised mouse oocytes. The construction of this library has been achieved by use of cow pea mosaic virus RNA as a carrier during isolation of polyadenylated message and during subsequent cloning procedures. This approach may be applicable to any system in which amounts of mRNA are limiting.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Transcripts from an aberrantly re-arranged human T-cell receptor beta-chain gene.

A number of cDNA clones homologous to the human T-cell receptor beta-chain gene have been isolated from a library constructed from the human leukaemic cell line Jurkat. The nucleotide sequences of two of these clones demonstrate that Jurkat synthesizes an RNA, probably derived from an aberrantly rearranged C beta 1 gene, which cannot encode a functional beta-chain. This transcript contains a novel joining region and similar transcripts appear to be relatively abundant in several T-cell lines.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Combination therapy with ranitidine and pirenzepine for control of intragastric pH in the critically ill.

In a prospective study of pH control for stress ulcer prophylaxis, intermittent iv infusion of the anticholinergic drug pirenzepine maintained the intragastric pH above 4 in only one of 17 ICU patients, while similar administration of the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine was successful in seven of 32 patients. This difference was not statistically significant. Of 15 patients in whom a maximum dose of 600 mg/day of ranitidine or 90 mg/day of pirenzepine failed to maintain pH, combination therapy was successful in 11, a significant (p less than .01) improvement. We conclude that neither ranitidine nor pirenzepine provides adequate control of pH for stress ulcer prophylaxis when used alone. If used together they are the most effective combination so far described for parenteral control of gastric pH in the critically ill. Regular monitoring of gastric pH is nevertheless essential to allow detection of therapeutic failures.

Adolescent↗