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Biomedical subjects

C J Oon

Publications and source records attributed to C J Oon.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma associated with Wilson's disease in a young woman.

A 27 year old woman with hepato-lenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease) was found to have primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) three and a half years after she was started on treatment with D-penicillamine. The tumour was resected since when she has remained well. Her liver function tests were normal throughout the course of her disease. The available literature is reviewed and possible mechanisms for this association proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunocytochemical localization of testosterone in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

A study of 10 hepatoma patients was carried out for the detection and localization of oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and their corresponding binding sites in liver tumour cells using immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent techniques on histopathological sections and cultured monolayers. None of the hepatomas was positive for progesterone and its receptor; one was positive for oestrogen and its receptor; five were positive for testosterone and its receptor. Oestrogen, testosterone and their respective receptors localized predominantly to the cytoplasm of hepatoma cells. The results obtained in this investigation reveal an association between testosterone and human liver cancer which may be useful in the selection and monitoring of liver cancer patients to future hormonal therapy.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1984

Prevention of primary liver cancer.

Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and is now one of the leading causes of cancer in the world. Chronic Hepatitis B carriage is now recognised to contribute to at least 80% of the liver cancers seen today. Hepatic toxins (such as Aflatoxin) are responsible for a smaller proportion of HCC and may have an additional synergistic effect in Aflatoxin-endemic areas where HCC occurs early. Prevention and control programmes require control of Aflatoxins and hepatic carcinogen contamination of human food material (from direct or indirect sources), and the control and prevention of Hepatitis B transmission to prevent the carrier state. Opportunities to treat the chronic carrier state may be possible in the future, since there have been considerable advances in genetic engineering and molecular biology in the last few years.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1984

Detection of HBeAg in the lymphocytes of sero-HBeAg negative patients with chronic hepatitis B and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

HBeAg has been detected in the peripheral lymphocytes of chronic hepatitis B patients who were seronegative for HBeAg. Nearly 50% of these patients (males, aged 41-66) had histology confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma while the normal carriers (males, aged 22-37) showed histological changes of chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis. The HBeAg was also demonstrated in the lymphocytes of eight voluntary blood donors who were found to be seropositive for HBsAg and HBeAg. The lymphocyte HBeAg exists in two subentities; a soluble and a particulate form. These observations suggest that the peripheral blood lymphocytes are hosts for HBV replication and production of infectious virus particles. Such processes may lead to an impaired immune defence mechanism, and explain the chronicity of the disease, and hepatic oncogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An epidemic of cockles-associated hepatitis A in Singapore.

An epidemic of serologically confirmed hepatitis A occurred between May and September 1983 in Singapore. The vehicle of transmission was traced to raw and partially cooked cockles, Anadara granosa, which had been imported from places with no sanitary control on the production. Strict controls on imported cockles are warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The immune status of Singapore children to hepatitis B virus.

In a cross-sectional survey of hepatitis B immune status, 458 consecutive children below the age of 12 years were studied. 37.3% of these children were positive for one of three markers, HBSAg, anti-HBS or anti-HBC. 15.5% were positive for two and 1.3% were positive for all three. 10.9% were positive for HBSAg, 27.8% for anti-HBC and 19.6% for anti-HB2. The males showed a higher HBSAg carrier rate than the females, 13.5% and 6.8% respectively. This difference was significant (p less than 0.05). This study confirmed that the Singaporeans were exposed to hepatitis B virus infection from very early in life and in order to prevent the infection, immunisation should be considered in early childhood.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Present state of the disease and prospects for the future.

Primary hepatocellular cancer is a common and virulent malignancy found all over the world. New insights into this disease are being provided by evaluation of the impact of epidemiologic data (hepatitis viral exposure, race, sex, HLA typing, and environmental factors). An enhanced appreciation of the biochemical modulators of hepatocellular cancer metabolism is now also possible. The limited success of current therapies is far from satisfactory, but prospects for the future seem more varied and promising than ever before.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1982

A cross-sectional study of hepatitis B immune status in Asian children in Singapore.

A study of race-related distribution of hepatitis B markers was conducted in 458 children admitted consecutively to Singapore General Hospital. The positive rates for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in Chinese, Malays and Indians were 11.2, 8.0 and 12.2% respectively and the corresponding figures for anti-HBs were 30.2, 12.0 and 14.6%. In Chinese children HBsAg prevalence was shown to be sex-related, being higher in males than females. The percentages of Chinese children positive for anti-HBs and anti-HBc were also higher than those of the Indians. This study confirmed that Singapore children were exposed to hepatitis B infection from early life. All three races were equally susceptible to this infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Oncology--the past, the present and the future.

Oncology is the science which deals with the study of malignant diseases. Cancer itself is a complex subject which demands the dedication of laboratory scientists and clinicians to work closely together to achieve greater understanding of the problems of malignancy. Simplified education programmes on cancer risk factors and avoidable lifestyles may help to reduce the incidence of certain environment induced malignancies. In Singapore, active cancer research programmes are in existence in the epidemiology and biostatistical analysis of cancers locally and research studies on liver, nasopharyngeal and choriocarcinoma. However, with the increasing mortality from cancer over the years, more integration and cooperation is required among the clinicians, laboratory scientists and the field staff working in different parts of the country, so that eventually the risk from developing certain cancers can be reduced and the overall management of such cancers can be further improved.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

New concepts on the acute leukaemias: morphology, classification, cell biology, chemotherapy, supportive care, immunotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

The advances in chemotherapy, understanding of leukaemia cell biology and supportive care for acute leukaemia patients offer substantial prospect for cure in the future. Intensive treatment of acute leukaemia requires the resources of specialised unites for support of bone marrow failure. Where possible, patients should be referred to such units for diagnostic classification and intensive remission induction therapy. The understanding of leukaemia cell biology and the detection of colony stimulating activity in normal granulocytes and marrow has helped in predicting early relapses in leukaemia patients. Allogeneic sibling bone marrow transplantation for patients in remission offers a 70% chance of 3 years survival and disease-free state compared to 10% survival for the non-grafted patients treated on maintenance chemotherapy alone. Current evidence suggests that such transplanted patients do not require long term chemotherapy or anti-G.V.H. treated now that the problem of graft-versus-host disease in transplant recipients appears to be overcome by the use of Cyclosporin A.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

One year review of the blood cell separator programme.

Using the Haemonetic Model 30 intermittent continuous flow centrifuge, 142 procedures, including 64 granulocytes and platelets, 68 platelet collection, 8 therapeutic leukapheresis and 2 plasmapheresis were performed. Granulocyte transfusions (mean collection 1.39 x 10(10) granulocytes) were given to 27 neutropenic patients for febrile episodes which were unresponsive to systemic antibiotics. Thirty-eight thrombocytopenic patients received a mean of 4.2 x 10(11) platelets per collection. Bleeding was controlled in most of the patients who received transfusion with a mean rise in platelet count of 30.6 x 10(9)/L. Therapeutic leukapheresis were performed on 3 patients with chronic leukaemias. A mean of 2.53 x 10(11) cells were collected per run with a mean fall of 58.2 x 10(9)/L in the patients' white blood cell count. Plasmapheresis was used to treat 1 patient with multiple myeloma. The authors' experience demonstrates that cell separator support is essential for patients with bone marrow depression and that the therapeutic leukapheresis is effective therapy for selected patients with chronic leukaemias. Plasmapheresis is effective in patients with hyperviscosity syndrome.

Adult↗