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Biomedical subjects

C J Nel

Publications and source records attributed to C J Nel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comparison of duplex Doppler scanning with contrast angiography in carotid artery disease.

The results of ultrasonic pulsed Doppler duplex scanning with spectral analysis were compared with the results of contrast arteriography in 37 patients screened for extracranial carotid artery disease. The kappa value for this comparison was 0.476 +/- 0.149. The overall diagnostic accuracy of duplex scanning was 91% (67/74 vessels) for agreement within one category of true assessment of stenosis. All 5 occluded internal carotid arteries were identified correctly by duplex scanning. Duplex scanning of the internal carotid artery is one of the few noninvasive tests that has the capability of discriminating normal arteries from minimal disease, minimal disease from severe disease, and severe disease from occlusion. Duplex scanning should be used as the initial test in patients with non-hemispheric symptoms and complete stroke. The intra-operative and postoperative routine assessment of the endarterectomised segment has become mandatory. Duplex scanning is invaluable in the management of the patient with an asymptomatic carotid bruit.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Abdominal aorta aneurysm in aged patients. Is an operation worthwhile?].

Although abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an unpredictable and sometimes fatal condition, it can be cured, and studies have indicated that improved peri-operative care has led to a lowering of the operative risk in the elderly. In this study mortality after AAA repair was 3,8% in patients over 60 years compared with 3,2% in those under 60 years. Eighty-seven per cent of the over-60s regained their physical capacities after the operation, and 92% considered the operation to have been worth while. A plea is made that all patients with AAA be referred to a hospital for objective evaluation of the operative risks with a view to elective surgery, since the mortality from ruptured aneurysms is still in the region of 50%.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The attitude of South African women to mastectomy for breast cancer.

No previous study has reported on the acceptance of and attitudes towards the treatment of breast cancer among white South African women. The influence of age, social, economic and marital status, occupation, and the effect of knowledge of the disease on the reaction to the possible diagnosis of breast cancer, the attitude to mastectomy, and physical and psychological readjustment after mastectomy were studied in 100 respondents to a questionnaire. The preliminary conclusions from this study are that South African women desire effective treatment of breast cancer, that physical and psychological readjustments are readily made by the majority without major problems, and that reconstructive surgery is not in high demand.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of 82 cases.

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid accounts for about 10% to 15% of all thyroid carcinomas in the United States. Its lethality is evidenced by a 5-year survival rate of 3.6% and a median survival of 4 months. Rapid growth of a thyroid mass, frequently in a preexisting goiter, is the most common manifestation; the diagnosis should be considered and expeditiously pursued in all patients who present with this finding. Relatively favorable prognostic features seem to be unilateral tumors, a tumor diameter of less than 5 cm, no invasion of adjacent tissue, and absence of nodal involvement. For resectable lesions, thyroid lobectomy with wide margins of adjacent soft tissue on the side of the tumor seems to constitute a safe, appropriately aggressive surgical approach. Total thyroidectomy and radical neck dissection results in an increased complication rate and has no advantage over a more conservative approach. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and combination radiotherapy and chemotherapy need further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the stomach. A case report.

A case of inflammatory fibroid polyp of the stomach is reported. The precise nature and aetiology of this condition remain undetermined. On pathological examination it is a sharply localized lesion in the gastro-intestinal tract, which most frequently involves the stomach. Most of these lesions are very vascular. Eosinophilia of the peripheral blood does not occur and malignant change is unknown. There seems little doubt that eosinophilic gastro-enteritis is a quite separate entity from the condition we have described.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer--the role of conventional surgery.

There is no ideal operation for peptic ulcer disease and sound surgical judgement is needed in choosing an operation for a specific indication in the individual patient. Highly selective vagotomy is currently the operation of choice for uncomplicated duodenal ulcer, and Billroth I gastrectomy remains the procedure of choice for uncomplicated gastric ulcer, but a variety of procedures are used in the management of the complications of peptic ulcer disease with vagotomy and drainage being the most frequently used and valued procedure.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of septic burns with a third-generation cephalosporin (cefatriaxon).

Effective and safe antibiotic control combined with surgical measures is the mainstay of the management of serious sepsis in burn wounds. To determine the effects of the third-generation cephalosporins on the clinical and bacteriological course of burn sepsis, 30 adult patients with a comparable degree of burn sepsis were treated with cefatriaxon (Ro 13-9904 (Rocephin); Roche). No significant side-effects were observed, and clinical observation showed a marked to moderate improvement in wound sepsis in 26 cases. Of 61 wound cultures obtained after completion of the course of cefatriaxon, only 19 yielded a positive growth. The beneficial role of the third-generation cephalosporins indicated by this prospective trial could be very important in the management of extensive burn wound sepsis.

Adolescent↗