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Biomedical subjects

C J Morgan

Publications and source records attributed to C J Morgan.

94 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcohol-induced euphoria: exclusion of serotonin.

During the first 30 min after acute ethanol consumption by three fasting normal male volunteers, no increase in circulating tryptophan availability to the brain occurred. On the contrary, a small decrease was observed, which became stronger subsequently. We conclude from this preliminary study that brain serotonin levels are not increased after alcohol intake by normal subjects and that, consequently, this indolylamine is unlikely to mediate the euphoric effects of alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tryptophan metabolism in male Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and -non-preferring (sNP) rats.

Parameters of tryptophan (Trp) and related metabolism were compared in male Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and -non-preferring (sNP) rats. Liver Trp pyrrolase activity was 38-58% higher in sP than in sNP rats, and this was associated with a greater expression of the enzyme mRNA as measured by multiprobe oligonucleotide solution hybridization. Moderately (about 10-19%), but significantly, lower concentrations of free serum, total serum, and brain Trp were also observed in sP compared with sNP rats. Concentrations of whole brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its major metabolite 5-hydroxyindol-3-yl-acetic acid (5-HIAA) were, however, 14-21% higher in sP rats. Serum corticosterone concentration was 18% higher in sP rats. We conclude that alcohol preference in Sardinian rats is associated with increased liver Trp pyrrolase activity and mRNA expression leading to a decrease in Trp availability to the brain. Although a simple serotonin deficiency could not be demonstrated in the whole brain, the possibility could not be ruled out that a deficiency may be present in discrete areas of the brain of the sP rat.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of ultrasonography as a diagnostic technique in the assessment of rotator cuff tendon tears.

In this study we assessed the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography as a modality in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. One hundred twenty patients with preoperative ultrasonography were analyzed by diagnostic arthroscopy to evaluate rotator cuff integrity. Two groups, 61 patients with a positive ultrasonogram and 59 patients with a negative ultrasonogram, were analyzed. The 61 patients with a positive ultrasonogram preoperatively were found to have 42 full-thickness tears and 19 partial-thickness tears. Diagnostic arthroscopy confirmed a sensitivity of 95% for the full-thickness tears and 41% for the partial-thickness tears. In the 59 patients with negative ultrasonography, the specificity for full-thickness tears was 93% and in the 19 partial-thickness tears it was 91%. Our conclusion is that ultrasonography is an effective modality for the assessment of full-thickness tears, but not partial-thickness tears.

Arthroscopy↗