Biomedical subjects

C J Gallagher

Publications and source records attributed to C J Gallagher.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

The role of computed tomography in the detection of intrathoracic lymphoma.

Computed tomographic scanning of the chest in 100 patients with newly diagnosed malignant lymphoma detected mediastinal lymphadenopathy (39%) and parenchymal deposits (15%) with a significantly greater sensitivity and specificity than conventional radiological techniques. This principally affected the staging and treatment of patients with limited stage disease. The stage was changed in 10/61 patients (16%) with Stages I-III prior to CT scan and treatment was altered in 11/29 (38%) patients for whom radiation was the treatment of choice. Complete remissions as defined by CT scan have been more durable than those defined by CXR alone.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

The cell surface and its metabolism.

The cell surface structure is highly dynamic. In particular, binding of ligand induces the redistribution of receptors on the cell surface as well as the internalisation of ligand-receptor complexes. Internalisation in turn leads to a recycling of the receptor or to a decrease in the cell's responsiveness to the ligand. Modulation of the cell surface structure is apparently regulated intracellularly by components of the cell's cytoskeleton. A crucial component in this respect is likely to be a sub-membranous filamentous network that is linked directly to the cytoplasmic face of the surface membrane. In erythrocytes this network can be separated from purified preparations of the plasma membrane by virtue of its insolubility in nonionic detergents. Application of this procedure to the plasma membrane fraction of human B lymphoblastoid cells has yielded a detergent-insoluble residue comprising actin and a 68,000-Mr polypeptide as major components, together with polypeptides of 28,000-, 33,000- and 120,000-Mr as prominent but more minor components. The association of the 68,000-Mr protein with the detergent-insoluble residue and the original plasma membrane is Ca2+-dependent. Burkitt lymphoma cells differ noticeably from lymphoblastoid cells in that the 68,000-Mr protein is not associated with the inner face of the surface membrane. This difference may reflect the malignant phenotype of Burkitt lymphomas or the hypothetical sub-population of normal B lymphocytes from which the lymphomas are derived.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗

PubMed1983

Early involvement of the bronchi in patients with malignant lymphoma.

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy in previously untreated patients with malignant lymphoma provided diagnostic information in 8 of 25 cases with radiological evidence of intrathoracic involvement. There was a marked difference in the pattern of endobronchial involvement between Hodgkin's Disease (HD) and Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) which specifically infiltrated the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. Bronchoalveolar lavage was abnormal in only one patient with Hodgkin's Disease in whom the presence of many Sternberg-Reed cells suggested occult dissemination of otherwise localised disease.

Bronchi↗

PubMed1982

The treatment of disseminated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavourable histology.

Forty-eight consecutive previously untreated adults with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of unfavourable histological type were referred to the Department of medical Oncology at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, london, between 1972 and 1977. They received adriamycin, vincristine, prednisolone and L-asparaginase (OPAL) initially, and those in whom complete remission was achieved proceeded to cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate, followed by continuous oral maintenance chemotherapy comprising weekly methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and daily 6-mercaptopurine for 3 years. Complete remission was achieved in 24 of the 48 (50%). The median duration of remission was 10 months, none patients continuing without relapse for between 3 and 7 years. The median survival was 9 months, 12 patients being alive and disease-free (three in second remission) after between 3 1/2 and 8 1/2 years. The prognosis was significantly better in patients with nodal stages II and III (disease) than in those with stage IV, for both response (P = less than 0.05) and survival (P = 0.002). Patients in whom complete remission was achieved survived significantly longer than those in whom it was not, regardless of stage. These results confirm our preliminary observations with this treatment programme that a proportion of patients with stage II and II unfavourable histology NHL may be curable although the outlook for stage IV remains poor.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Phase II study of a high-dose regimen of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of favorable histologic type.

Fifty-seven courses of cyclophosphamide (2.5-5.0 g/m2) and prednisolone (1.0 g/m2 x 5) were given to 22 patients with advanced stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of favorable histology. Six patients (27%) had a complete response (CR) (median duration, 10.1 months), and six (27%) had a partial response (median duration, 3.0 months). All patients in whom CR was achieved had a previous disease pattern of remission and relapse, and no patient refractory to previous therapy had a CR. This association of CR to disease pattern was statistically significant (P less than 0.0001). There was no difference in the survival of complete and partial responders. There was a trend to a higher response rate and statistically significant survival advantage (P less than 0.05) for patients with the nodular histologic types. The transient nature of response and the toxicity of the regimen, with four therapy-related deaths, render it unsuitable as routine therapy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Secondary polycythemia does not increase the risk of perioperative hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of secondary polycythemia on perioperative hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Surgical patients at a university-affiliated Veterans Administration Hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred patients with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a preoperative hemoglobin concentration (Hb) greater than 16 g/dl and 100 age-, sex-, operation-, and ASA physical status-matched control patients without secondary polycythemia having operations during January to June 1988. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Anesthetic and perioperative records were retrospectively analyzed for excessive bleeding and transfusion requirements. Charts also were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications for 30 days following surgery. The secondary polycythemic patients were compared with the matched control group and did not have a higher frequency of these complications. Red blood cell transfusion requirements for patients with secondary polycythemia were less than that for the matched controls (p less than 0.005). There was no statistical difference for transfusions of other types of blood products such as platelets and fresh frozen plasma (FFP). CONCLUSION: Secondary polycythemia does not impart any added perioperative risk.

Hemorrhage↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cuffed polyurethane catheter for ambulatory infusional chemotherapy.

This article describes the technique for inserting cuffed polyurethane catheters under local anaesthesia. A very low complication rate is seen with these catheters and patients tolerate the catheters and Cadd infusional pumps for continuous chemotherapy very well.

Ambulatory Care↗