Videourodynamic techniques.
Videourodynamic testing is the combination of complex, multichannel testing techniques with fluoroscopic imaging of the bladder. Because of the expense and expertise required for testing, videourodynamics is reserved for complex voiding dysfunction that can not be adequately diagnosed by simpler, less expensive methods. This discussion will focus on three indications for videourodynamics: complex stress urinary incontinence, bladder outlet obstruction, and the evaluation of hostile neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
Fluoroscopy↗