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C J Davis

Publications and source records attributed to C J Davis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The microscopic pathology of Peyronie's disease.

PURPOSE: All cases of Peyronie's disease in the files were reviewed to determine the chief microscopic findings and also to note the anatomical site of the disease process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The microscopic findings in 19 cases were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin sections, and Masson trichrome was frequently used to highlight alterations of collagen structure. Movat elastic stain and fibrinogen immunostain for fibrin were used in some cases. RESULTS: A perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate was found in 6 of the 19 cases, located either within the tunica albuginea or on either side of it. A linear band of ossification was found in the tunica in 5 cases. Disorganization of the collagen of the tunica was present in all cases, usually associated with a slight increase in cellularity. In 3 of 10 cases fibrin was demonstrated in the affected area of the tunica. CONCLUSIONS: Peyronie's disease is characterized by an alteration in the appearance and cellularity of the collagen that comprises the tunica albuginea. Ossification in the middle or inner aspect of the tunica may occur, and a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate may or may not be present within the tunica or on either side of it.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Renal medullary carcinoma: clinical and therapeutic aspects of a newly described tumor.

BACKGROUND: Renal medullary carcinoma is a newly described, aggressive kidney tumor. All patients with the disease have been African-American with sickle cell (SC) trait or hemoglobin SC disease. METHODS: Patient information was obtained from individual patient records and from the Department of Defense national data bank, The Defense Enrollment and Eligibility Reporting System. Data were obtained from either personal review of the patient's records or from discussion with the patient's physician. Cytogenetic studies were performed on one patient. RESULTS: Six patients are presented. All had SC trait. Median age was 24.5 years and 1 patient was female. Time from diagnosis to death averaged 3 months (range 1-7 mos). No objective responses were reported to a wide variety of chemo and immunotherapies: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, cisplatin; methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin; single agent interferon; single agent paclitaxel; or single agent vinblastine. Investigational regimens included topotecan, doxorubicin, and filgrastim; alpha-interferon, interleukin-2, and 5-fluorouracil; and single agent paclitaxel. Cytogenetic studies revealed numerous structural, as well as numerical anomalies. Of the cells successfully karyotyped (n=4), 2 contained abnormalities of chromosome 3 and all contained monosomy 11. CONCLUSIONS: Renal medullary carcinoma is an aggressive, chemoresistant tumor. Time from discovery of tumor to patient death is very short and has been altered by a wide variety of chemotherapies and immunotherapies. An unidentified genetic component is likely present.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Renal medullary carcinoma. The seventh sickle cell nephropathy.

Over the last 22 years, we have encountered 34 examples of a highly aggressive neoplasm with a microscopic morphology that is highly predictive of finding sickled erythrocytes in the tissue. With the exception of one patient, all are believed to have had sickle cell trait or, in one case, hemoglobin SC disease. These 33 patients are the subject of this report and, where their race was known, they were all blacks between the ages of 11 and 39 years. Between the ages of 11 and 24 years, males predominated by 3 to 1. Beyond age 24, however, the tumors occurred equally in men and women. The dominant tumor mass was in the medulla and ranged from 4 to 12 cm in diameter. Mean size was 7 cm; median, 6 cm. Peripheral satellites in the renal cortex and pelvic soft tissues, as well as venous and lymphatic invasion, were usually present. The lesions exhibited a reticular, yolk sac-like, or adenoid cystic appearance, often with poorly differentiated areas in a highly desmoplastic stroma admixed with neutrophils and usually marginated by lymphocytes. The tumors had usually metastasized when first discovered, and none was confined to the kidney at the time of nephrectomy. The mean duration of life after surgery was 15 weeks. These tumors probably arise in the calyceal epithelium in or near the renal papillae, the same site that produces the more familiar picture of unilateral hematuria in patients with sickle cell trait. We have concluded that renal medullary carcinoma represents another example of renal disease associated with sickle cell disorders. The other six are unilateral hematuria, papillary necrosis, nephrotic syndrome, renal infarction, inability to concentrate urine, and pyelonephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Metanephric adenoma. Clinicopathological study of fifty patients.

We report 50 examples of an uncommon type of renal adenoma from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. They appear to be benign tumors with no malignant potential, and their chief importance is related to the fact that they are most often misinterpreted as renal cell carcinoma or epithelial Wilms' tumor. They predominated in females by well over 2:1. The mean age of the patients was 41 years, with a range of 5 to 83 years, and the mean size was 5.5 cm, with a range of 0.3 to 15.0 cm. Presenting signs and symptoms included pain in 11, hematuria in five, and palpable mass in five. In 20 patients the tumors were found incidentally during evaluation for other problems, and in six the other problem was polycythemia. This finding establishes a higher incidence of polycythemia in renal adenoma than in other previously reported renal diseases. Also of preoperative importance is the fact that these tumors are more commonly calcified than other renal neoplasms. Microscopically, these tumors consist of very small epithelial cells that form very small acini in an acellular stroma. Less often, they form tubular, glomeruloid, or polypoid and papillary formations. Most also show evidence of regression in the form of scarring and calcification. These lesions seem histogenetically related to epithelial Wilms' tumor, and, in fact, the two may occur together. They are histologically very similar to the metanephric hamartomatous element of nephroblastomatosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Renal medullary carcinoma associated with sickle cell trait: radiologic findings.

PURPOSE: To correlate the radiologic and pathologic findings in patients with renal medullary carcinoma and sickle cell trait. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiologic studies of five pathologically proved cases of renal medullary carcinoma were retrospectively correlated with gross pathologic findings. Excretory urograms, computed tomographic (CT) scans, sonograms, photographs of the gross surgical specimens, and an angiogram were available for review. Each case was analyzed for tumor location, pattern of growth, contrast enhancement and echotexture, angiographic pattern, and stage. RESULTS: All tumors arose centrally within the kidney, grew in an infiltrative pattern, and invaded the renal sinus. Caliectasis without pelviectasis was present in three cases. Contrast enhancement and echotexture were heterogeneous in all patients. Tumor necrosis with communication into the collecting system occurred in one patient. The one available angiogram demonstrated hypovascularity. CONCLUSION: Patients with renal medullary carcinoma share particular demographic, clinical, and radiologic features that might enable radiologists to suggest a specific diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cystic renal cell carcinoma and acquired renal cystic disease associated with consumption of chaparral tea: a case report.

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is an antioxidant used experimentally to induce cystic renal disease in rats. It may be extracted from the leaves of the creosote bush, which are consumed as chaparral tea in the southwestern United States. We report a case of cystic renal disease and cystic adenocarcinoma of the kidney associated with a history of protracted consumption of chaparral tea.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1993

A pathologist's view of prostatic carcinoma.

In this article, the pathologic findings of carcinoma of the prostate were reviewed. Criteria were discussed for the pathologic diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma (PC), premalignant lesions, lesions that simulate PC, immunopathologic findings, special types of PC, effects of therapy on the prostate, and recent efforts to improve diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. The possible role of the study of nucleolar organizing regions was reported. A new method for demonstrating chromosomes in formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue was mentioned. The need for research in all aspects of the pathology of prostatic cancer was emphasized.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy. Techniques and controversies.

Because of the remarkable success of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, numerous investigators have attempted to duplicate this success with laparoscopic herniorrhaphy. This article presents a different view of the preperitoneal anatomy, reviews the rationale behind the various laparoscopic approaches, and presents, in detail, the laparoscopic preperitoneal repair with mesh, including complications and early recurrences. An attempt is made to put the new laparoscopic procedures into perspective with regard to economic issues and safety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Renal oncocytoma and carcinoma: failure of differentiation with CT.

The authors studied the hypothesis that oncocytoma and adenocarcinoma of the kidney can be differentiated with computed tomographic (CT) criteria and that differences would become more apparent as tumors enlarged. On contrast material-enhanced scans, homogeneous attenuation throughout the tumor and a central, sharply marginated, stellate area of low attenuation were considered predictors of oncocytoma. Any area of decreased attenuation in the tumor except for a stellate, central area was used as a predictor of adenocarcinoma. Among oncocytomas larger than 3 cm in diameter, 67% exhibited the criteria for oncocytoma and 33% met the criterion for adenocarcinoma; among smaller oncocytomas, the respective results were 82% and 18%. Among adenocarcinomas larger than 3 cm in diameter, 84% fulfilled the criterion for malignancy and 16% were incorrectly predicted to be oncocytomas; among smaller adenocarcinomas, the respective results were 58% and 42%. The authors conclude that the CT criteria used are poor predictors of the diagnosis of oncocytoma or adenocarcinoma regardless of tumor size.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Pathology of carcinoma of the prostate.

In this presentation the authors review the pathology of prostatic carcinoma (PCa), and discuss criteria for pathologic diagnosis, premalignant lesions, lesions that simulate PCa, immunopathology, special types of PCa, effects of therapy on the prostate, and recent efforts to improve diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. The possible role of study of nucleolar organizing regions is reported. A new method for demonstration of chromosome in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue is presented. The need for research in all aspects of pathology is emphasized.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Preliminary results of three-dimensional reconstruction of previously imaged prostates.

In patients with biopsy proven prostate cancer, preoperative transrectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound were performed, followed by total prostatectomy. Generally, the findings with MRI correlated well with the histopathologic findings, including infiltration of and extension through the capsule into periprostatic tissue and the seminal vesicles. False negative results with MRI included centrally located tumors and small tumors. False positive results with MRI included lobular atrophy, cystic hyperplasia, cystic atrophy, florid glandular hyperplasia and scars with chronic inflammation.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN): morphological clinical significance.

Premalignant lesions of the prostate fall into two categories. The first category includes formation of new, usually small, glands which are either abnormally distributed or show minimal nuclear atypia or both. Morphologically, this lesion presents the differential diagnostic alternatives of micro-acinar hyperplasia on the one hand and a low grade micro-acinar cancer on the other. If the presence or absence of nuclear anaplasia or acinar dispersion (i.e., stromal invasion) raises any degree of doubt, atypical glands are diagnosed. This is the category that is considered by some to be the precursor of well differentiated prostate cancer. The second category is prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). We have defined PIN as an intra-acinar or ductal proliferation of secretory cells with unequivocal nuclear anaplasia, which corresponds to nuclear grade 2 and 3 invasive prostate cancer. We consider PIN as essentially carcinoma in situ. The lesion designated by some as PIN 1 is classified by us as atypical hyperplasia.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Prostatic carcinoma: problems in the interpretation of prostatic biopsies.

We have endeavored to identify problems the pathologist may face in dealing with prostatic carcinoma (PCa). We have covered criteria for diagnosis and have discussed lesions that simulate PCa and the distinguishing features, treatment effects, and specific types of PCa. In many of these areas there is a need for developing objective, reproducible, and measurable criteria. The need for research is obvious.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

A history of endoscopic surgery.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the procedure of choice for the treatment of symptomatic gallbladder disease. This had led to a flurry of activity and a widespread interest in laparoscopic and thoracoscopic procedures. Both surgical endoscopy and gallbladder surgery had their beginnings in the 1800s. "Modern" surgical endoscopes were first developed in the early 1800s, and cholecystotomy was first performed in Indianapolis, Indiana by Dr. John S. Bobbs. A brief history of endoscopes, endoscopic surgery, and of the first gallbladder operation in the world follows.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic mesh repair of inguinal hernia using a preperitoneal approach: a preliminary report.

From October 1990 to December 1991, we performed 61 laparoscopic preperitoneal mesh repairs of inguinal hernias on 52 patients, including 22 direct, 38 indirect, and one femoral hernias. The laparoscopic technique employs the same principles as open preperitoneal mesh repair of replacing and reinforcing attenuated transversalis fascia. After entering the peritoneal cavity through the umbilicus, the preperitoneal space is entered by excising the hernia sac. The preperitoneal space is bluntly dissected and the transversalis fascia exposed. For a direct or recurrent hernia, the defect in the transversalis fascia is closed with a pursestring or running suture without tension. For an indirect hernia, the internal ring is tightened with an interrupted suture. Next a piece of mesh approximately 2.5 x 4.5 inches is trimmed to fit over the internal ring, the testicular vessels, and spermatic cord laterally, Hesselbach's triangle medially, and Cooper's ligament inferiorly, which covers potential sites for a new hernia or recurrence. The mesh (Prolene or Marlex) is then sutured with 3-0 vicryl to the transversalis fascia and transversus abdominis aponeurosis superior-medially, to the iliopubic tract or Cooper's ligament inferiorly, and to the transversalis fascia and transversus abdominis lateral to the internal inguinal ring. Upon completion of the tensionless repair, the peritoneum is reapproximated. Compared with the open procedure, laparoscopic repair reduces postoperative pain and shortens convalescence. No lifting restrictions are imposed on the patient. We have had three minor complications and no recurrences to date, but follow-up is too short to make firm conclusions.

Adolescent↗