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Biomedical subjects

C J Bacon

Publications and source records attributed to C J Bacon.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Monitoring of phenobarbitone and phenytoin therapy in small children by salivary samples.

Concentrations of phenytoin or phenobarbitone have been measured serially using saliva samples in 75 very young children receiving one of these drugs for prevention of recurrent febrile convulsions. Saliva samples were easily obtained and the measured concentrations were a valuable guide to drug dosage during the treatment period. Mean (+/- SD) saliva concentrations were, for phenytoin, 1.0 +/- 0.8 mg/litre (3.8 +/- 3.0 mumol/litre) and, for phenobarbitone, 7.9 +/- 2.6 mg/litre (24.0 +/- 11.3 mumol/litre) and did not alter significantly during the period of observation. Despite frequent review with assessment of compliance, it proved difficult to achieve and maintain target drug concentrations. Paired samples of saliva and plasma were obtained from 36 children before treatment was terminated. Drug concentrations in saliva correlated well with those in plasma and mean plasma: saliva ratios (phenytoin, 8.4; phenobarbitone, 2.2) were comparable to results obtained previously in adults.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in children.

1 Apparent Vmax and Km for phenytoin were estimated in 40 children (aged 8--33 months) and 21 adults (aged 18--66 years). 2 The derived values of Vmax and Km were used to predict the plasma and salivary concentrations of phenytoin following a change in dose. There was a highly significant correlation between observed and predicted steady-state concentration in both children and adults (P less than 0.001). 3 The apparent Km was similar in children (7.5 +/- 1.2 mg/l) and adults (9.4 +/- 2.3 mg/l). 4 Vmax differed significantly (P less than 0.001) between children (20.4 +/- 2.1 mg kg-1 day-1) and adults (8.7 +/- 0.7 mg kg-1 day-1). 5 After correction for differences in the ratio of liver weight to body weight in children and adults, Vmax was similar in the two groups.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1981

Behavioural effects of phenobarbitone and phenytoin in small children.

Mothers of 56 children under 2 years old taking phenobarbitone and mothers of 55 children taking phenytoin recorded on questionnaires changes they had noted in the children's behaviour 3 and 9 weeks after starting the drug. Severe behavioural disturbance was noted by many, but the pattern and incidence was similar to that recorded by the mothers of 50 children starting a placebo, and we attribute it to the effect of a recent hospital admission. There was a small improvement in the behaviour of 20% of children who had been taking phenobarbitone for a year when they stopped it, but in this age group the disturbance caused by phenobarbitone did not appear to have been great.

Child Behavior Disorders↗
PubMed1976

Mothers' attitudes in infant feeding at Newcastle General Hospital in summer 1975.

Two-hundred successively delivered mothers were asked about their attitudes towards feeding their babies, the influences on them, and their personal and social backgrounds. Initially 39% intended to breast-feed, though in the first few weeks many gave up. Choosing to breast-feed, and success in doing so, were strongly associated with higher social class. The commonest reason given by those who chose the bottle was the embarrassment of breast-feeding. Efforts to increase the numbers of mothers choosing to breast-feed should concentrate on those mothers who remain undecided on their method of feeding. If they are to breast-feed their babies successfully they will need careful advice and support both before and after delivery.

Attitude↗
PubMed1976

Echovirus 19 infection in infants under six months.

Twenty-four infants under 6 months infected with echovirus 19 are described, They were the youngest of the many children admitted to hospitals in Newcastle and Gateshead during an epidemic in the north-east of England in 1974. Generally, the younger the child the more severe the illness, which affected the upper respiratory tract, the gut, the skin, and the meninges, and sometimes caused as state of collapse resembling septicaemic shock. Polymorphonuclear pleocystosis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sometimes suggested bacterial meningitis, so that antibiotics were given in 38% of cases. The virus was recovered with a high success rate from nasopharyngeal secretions, CSF, and stool.

Age Factors↗