Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Hu.
A case of superior dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa is presented. A modified method of reducing the mandibular condyle was used, and restitution of the perforated glenoid fossa was achieved by a combination of titanium plate and repair of the articular disk.
We evaluated the in vitro effects of IL-12, alone and in association with IL-2 on MDS bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. Thirty-six patients and 14 healthy subjects were studied. Natural killer-activity (NK-a) levels and lymphocyte immunophenotypes were determined in fresh bone marrow (BMMNC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC), which then were resuspended in medium containing IL-2, IL-12 or IL-2 + IL-12 for 7 days. Re-evaluation of NK-a levels, lymphocyte immunophenotypes, clonogenic activity and cytokine release showed that, unlike IL-2, IL-12 did not significantly increase NK-a or CD3-/56+ cell levels in either bone marrow or peripheral blood; IL-2 + 12 led to a significant increase that fell between the values reached by each cytokine alone. IL-2 + 12 and, although to a lesser extent, also IL-12 alone induced the release of large amounts of gamma-IFN and alpha-TNF. In addition, the number of clusters particularly decreased in the samples treated with IL-2 + 12 and IL-12 alone. Clonogenic activity was not modified after stimulation with any of the treatment. These data suggest that IL-12 induces the release of inhibitory cytokines in normal as well as MDS cells and that it could be used in patients with elevated bone marrow blastosis.
Cell-to-cell interaction is fundamental to the development of the kidney. Ureteric bud cells, through cell contact or short-distance interactions, induce the metanephric mesenchyme to convert, to epithelia and begin the process of tubulogenesis. To identify new molecules that are involved in these processes, we generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the surface of induced mesenchymal cells taken from a day 15 rat embryonic kidney rudiment. MAbs were chosen for further study based either on a distinctive pattern of expression of their antigens or their functional effect on tubulogenesis. We identified a set of MAbs that preferentially stained the glomerular crevice, the first site for formation of the glomerular anlage. Another MAb inhibited tubulogenesis by producing widespread apoptosis in induced mesenchymal cells. This approach promises to identify new molecules that are central to kidney development.
This study was undertaken to compare sensitivity of buffulo green monkey (BGM) cells, Hela cells, human embryo lung (HEL) cells and A549 cells to herpes simplex virus-1. The plague forming unit (PFU) technique was used to measure the four cell lines simultaneously. The results showed that BGM cells were superior to the Hela cells, HEL cells, A549 cells in terms of both sensitivity and rapidity of appearance of cytopathic effect (CPE). It indicates that BGM cells constitute a new, sensitive and valuable cell line used for the detection of HSV-1 in cell culture.
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From April 1995 to May 1996, 32 cases of liver or renal cyts were detected by B ultra sound. Among them, TH glue was injected into the cyst to make it coagulated and occluded in 4 cases of liver cyst and 8 cases of renal cyst after intracapsular fluid was abstracted. The curative effect was good. The curative rate of single injection was 83.3%. The period of treatment and the curative rate were obviously different from the past methods. The present method is easy, quick, small wounded, few complicated and no toxic and side effects.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the value of B-ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of emergency complications in lung cancer patients. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with lung cancer who suffered from emergency conditions were examined with B-ultrasonography. Of the 35 cases, 5 had superior vena caval syndrome due to compression by a centrally located tumor mass in the right upper lobe; 10 had moderate to large accumulation of fluid in the pericardium with cardiac tamponade; 2 had metastasis to the myocardium and pericardium with acute hemorrhagic pericardial effusion; 20 had massive pleural effusion. The ultrasonographic features of these complications were described. Patients with pericardial or pleural effusion received intervention treatment with Elemen emulsion under B-ultrasound guidance. RESULTS: Combined with systemic chemotherapy, in 4-week period, complications were temporarily ameliorated in 82.8% and became clinically stable in 8.5% of the cases. Treatment was of no effect in 8.5%. CONCLUSION: B-ultrasonography is of value in the diagnosis of emergency complications of lung cancer and is of help to guide intervention treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the causes of death in cancer patients. METHODS: In collection of 2,167 cancer cases coming to the emergency clinic, the causes of death were analyzed in 329 cases. RESULTS: Of the 329 cases, 25.8% (85/329) was due to the cancer growth itself while 59.9% (197/329) was resulted from complications. Thirty-seven cases (11.2%) died within 12 h in the emergency clinic. Most of the deaths were seen in patients with cancer of the lung, stomach and liver. Infection, respiratory failure, shock, hemorrhage and cardiac attack were the causes of death. The first two causes accounted for 36.2% and 32.5% of the total deaths in this series, respectively. CONCLUSION: Complications are the major causees of death. The importance of their proper prevention needs to be emphysized.
A Frankia-like strain, Cs146, was isolated from nodules of Coriaria nepalensis in southwest China. The isolate is an actinomycete with vesicles and sporangia borne on the hyphae, and shown to have an ability to nodulate the host plant. No aerial hyphae is formed, but the substrate hyphae are usually orange and produce soluble yellow pigment. Cs146 could grow quite slow at 28-30 degrees C on both liquid and solid media. However, the isolate is greatly different from other frankiae in physiology (intermediate physiologocal group between A and B trains), cell wall composition of characteristical amino acids (meso-DAP plus glycine) and whole cell sugar patterns (xylose plus little amount of galactose and arabinose). Cs146 thus appears to be a member of a distinct Frankia lineage.
OBJECT: To reduce the prevalence of blindness at 0.30% by 2,000 in our country. METHODS: To realize the about goal effectively, the 4 aspects should be included. 1. Epidemiological survey of ocular diseases. 2. Measures of prevention and treatment of blindness. 3. Establishment of a primary network for the prevention and treatment of ocular diseases. 4. Strengthening the organizations for prevention of ocular diseases. CONCLUSION: Restoration of eye sight can elevate people's health level, relieve the blind from sufferings and restore their work capacity. Launching a mass movement to prevent and treat blindness has significance in promoting both material and spiritual civilizations in our country.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if aseptic loosening is a major problem in hinge total knee replacement. DESIGN: A cohort study. SETTING: A university-affiliated institute, specializing in elective orthopedic surgery. PATIENTS: Fifty-eight patients, mainly those requiring revision, in whom the conditions were such that it was felt only a totally constrained implant was appropriate. In 7 patients the implant was press-fitted; in the remainder it was cemented. Five patients required fusion or revision, and 8 died less than 2 years after implantation, leaving 45 for review. Follow-up was 2 to 13 years. INTERVENTION: Total knee replacement with a Guepar II prosthesis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Radiolucency determined by the Cameron system and clinical scoring using the Hospital for Special Surgery system. RESULTS: Of the cemented components, 91% of femoral stems were type IA (no lucency), 9% were type IB (partial lucency), with no type II or III lucency. Tibial lucency was 87% type IA and 13% type IB, with no type II or III lucency. Of the noncemented components, 58% of femoral components were type IA and 42% type IB. Tibial lucency was 71% type IA and 29% type IB. Lucency was mainly present in zones 1 and 2 adjacent to the knee. Clinical rating was 18% excellent, 20% good, 20% fair and 42% poor. Postoperative complications included infection (13%), aseptic loosening (7%), quadriceps lag (16%) and extensor mechanism problems (16%). CONCLUSIONS: Aseptic loosening is an uncommon problem in hinge total knee replacement. The complication rate in cases of sufficient severity as to require a hinge replacement remains high. Current indications for a hinge prosthesis are anteroposterior instability with a very large flexion gap, complete absence of the collateral ligaments and complete absence of a functioning extensor mechanism.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of immunohistochemical staining of p53 expression in endoscopic biopsy specimens in clinical practice. METHODS: Using a streptavidin-peroxidase (S-P) conjugate method with monoclonal p53 antibody Do-7, the expression of p53 was investigated immunohistochemically in 150 endoscopic biopsies and paired brushings from patients with benign and malignant gastric diseases. Among them, 22 cases with gastric carcinoma underwent the gastrectomy and the immunohistochemistry was repeated in the resected cancerous tissues of the same patient. RESULTS: p53 expression in endoscopic specimens was detectable in 35.7% cases of gastric carcinoma (n = 70), 5.9% of gastric polyps (n = 17), 16.7% of gastric mucosal dysplasia (n = 18) and 4.0% of chronic atrophic gastritis (n = 25), but no protein expression was observed in cases of chronic active gastritis (n = 20). In 22 patients with tumor resection, 8 (36.4%) were identified with p53 expression in endoscopic specimens before surgery, while 10 (45.5%) were identified with the same expression in surgical specimens, the real positive rate was 80.0%, no false positives were observed in endoscopic specimens. Furthermore, p53 expression in gastric carcinoma was closely correlated with clinical stage and lymph nodes involvement, but did not correlate with histologic type. CONCLUSIONS: Assay of p53 by immunohistochemistry in endoscopic biopsy specimens and brushings is an easy and reliable technique to assess p53 status in gastric carcinoma, and thus could serve as a marker to foresee the prognosis in these patients and assist in the diagnosis of malignancy before surgery. It may also be a valuable marker in screening patients with high risk of gastric carcinoma.
A human lung cancer cell line (A549) mutant with hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) deficiency and resistance to 8-AG was established by treatment of the A549 cells with 3 micrograms.ml-1 N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and prescreened in 0.25% agarose DMEM semisolid medium containing 20 micrograms.ml-1 8-AG. The mutant cells are resistant to cytotoxic effect of 8-AG and sensitive to hypoxanthine-aminopterin thymidine (HAT) selective medium. The mutant cells can be used as a candidate parental cells to fuse with the somatic cells.
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Treatment of a human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-435) in nude mice with a recombinant adenovirus containing the human interferon (IFN) consensus gene, IFN-con1 (ad5/IFN), resulted in tumor regression in 100% of the animals. Tumor regression occurred when virus was injected either within 24 hr of tumor cell implantation or with established tumors. However, regression of the tumor was also observed in controls in which either the wild-type virus or a recombinant virus containing the luciferase gene was used, although tumor growth was not completely suppressed. Tumor regression was accompanied by a decrease in p53 expression. Two other tumors, the human myelogenous leukemic cell line K562 and the hamster melanoma tumor RPMI 1846, also responded to treatment but only with ad5/IFN. In the case of K562 tumors, there was complete regression of the tumor, and tumors derived from RPMI 1846 showed partial regression. We propose that the complete regression of the breast cancer with the recombinant virus ad5/IFN was the result of two events: viral oncolysis in which tumor cells are being selectively lysed by the replication-competent virus and the enhanced effect of expression of the IFN-con1 gene. K562 and RPMI 1846 tumors regressed only as a result of IFN gene therapy. This was confirmed by in vitro analysis. Our results indicate that a combination of viral oncolysis with a virus of low pathogenicity, itself resistant to the effects of IFN and IFN gene therapy, might be a fruitful approach to the treatment of a variety of different tumors, in particular breast cancers.
Estrogen receptor variants lacking internal exons and representing dominant positive and negative activity may be involved in the initiation and/or progression of endocrine dependent tumors. To assess the role of estrogen receptor in uterine disease, we have analyzed both normal and neoplastic uterine samples for the presence of variant estrogen receptors using the sensitive technique of RT-PCR and direct automated DNA sequencing of the amplified products. Our analysis was conducted to determine the presence of spliced variants lacking exons 3 through exon 8. We demonstrate that both the normal and neoplastic human uterus contains a number of spliced variants of the estrogen receptor that co-exist with the wild type receptor. Variants lacking exons 4, 5 and 7 but not exons 3 and 6 were detected. Also, a novel partial deletion in exon 8 was detected in both the normal and neoplastic tissues, although a total deletion of this exon was not observed. In addition another region of exon 8 deletion was found to be present in one tumor tissue which also contained an insertion within this region, however, other tumors did not contain this variant. In addition, double exon deletion variants were observed lacking exons 3 and 4, exons 4 and 5, and exon 7 with part of exon 8. Although our data represents a limited number of samples it suggests that splicing of the estrogen receptor message occurs in the normal physiological setting. There does not appear to be any association between the presence or absence of spliced variants of estrogen receptor and uterine tumor formation at the mRNA level.
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Seventeen cases of knee fusion takedown with follow-up periods of 1 to 10 years have been reviewed. Two patients were re-fused for patellar tendon loss and sepsis. One had a chronic low-grade infection but refused re-fusion. Two patients who required immobilization for the first 10 days following total knee arthroplasty had a range of flexion of 35 degrees only. The mean range of flexion in the other patients in 84 degrees. Using The Hospital for Special Surgery rating, 29.4% scored excellent, 29.4% good, 17.6% fair, and 17.6% poor, including the two patients refused. Complications were found in nine patients (53%), six of which were resolved with further surgery. All patients preferred the mobile knee, but the complication rate is so high that the authors remain ambivalent about this procedure.