Biomedical subjects

C Hottenrott

Publications and source records attributed to C Hottenrott.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

[The effect of antacids on stress-induced lesions of the gastric mucosa in the piglet (author's transl)].

After administration of antacids, gastric stress lesions due to hemorrhagic shock appear in the pig stomach quicker and more markedly than in animals which have been similarly treated with an indifferent substance or not at all. However, once treated, the administration of antacids seems to favor the healing of mucosal lesions after the end of the stress. At the same time it was observed that after administration of antacids in hemorrhagic shock, the serum gastrin level rises and does not remain constant, as in the control group. An attempt is made to explain the favorable effect of antacids on the genesis of hemorrhagic stress lesions in the pig's stomach through this observation.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Experimental gastric sympathectomy: an effective prophylaxis of gastric stress lesions.

Fifteen mini-pigs were bled to a mean aortic blood pressure of 40 mm Hg and maintained at that level for three hours. The control group consisted of eight animals with shock for three hours, while the test group was comprised of seven animals with a similar shock period but which had undergone splanchnicectomy 14 days earlier. In all animals a stimulated gastric secretion test was performed three days before and eight days after splanchnicectomy. All animals in the control group showed severe gastric mucosal lesions after shock. Conversely, the piglets with splanchnicectomy developed no changes (five animals) or only minor changes (two animals). The efficacy of splanchnicectomy was confirmed by a stimulated gastric secretion test in which basal acid output did not change after operation, but peak acid output increased significantly. This study suggests that gastric splanchnicectomy prevents gastric ulceration following experimental shock.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

[A pneumatic colostomy closure].

An atraumatic, pneumatic occlusive colostomy appliance has been described which in animal experiments was well tolerated and was effective in preventing leakage. It is hoped that this may improve the unsatisfactory aspects of management in patients using conventional colostomy appliances.

Aftercare↗

PubMed1977

[Sympathectomy of the stomach: an effective preventive measure in stress-induced gastric mucosa lesions in swine].

15 mini-pigs were bled to a mean aortic blood-pressure of 40 mm Hg, which was sustained for 3 hours. 2 groups were studied: Control-Group: Shock alone without splanchnicectomy (n = 8); Test-Group: Shock after splanchnicectomy 14 days previously (n = 7). In all animals a stimulated gastric secretion test was performed 3 days before and 8 days after this operation. All animals of the control-group showed severe gastric mucosal lesions after shock. Piglets with splanchnicectomy (test-group), conversely, developed no (5 animals) or only minor changes (2 animals). The efficiency of splanchnicectomy was proved by a stimulated gastric secretion test: Basal acid output did not change after operation, peak acid output however increased significantly. This study in piglets shows, that splanchnicectomy of the stomach prevents gastric stress-lesions almost completely.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

[Effect of truncal vagotomy on the occurence of gastric mucosal lesions induced by hemorrhagic shock in piglets (author's transl)].

3 groups of total 37 mini-pigs have been bled to a mean aortic blood pressure of 40 mm Hg for three hours (Norton et al., 1972): Group I: hemorrhagic shock along (n = 15) Group II: right thoracotomy prior to shock without vagotomy (n = 4) Group III: right thoracotomy prior to shock with truncal vagotomy right above diaphragm (n = 15) 3 animals died during shock. All others showed severe mucosal hyperaemia and hemorrhage after shock, which intensified in animals without vagotomy during 8-24 hours. Gastric mucosal lesions of vagotomized animals did not differ to those of group I and II, when the animals were killed 4-8 hours after shock. However, there was a significant reduction of early changes after 12-24 hours, when compared to groups I and II. This study shows, that truncal vagotomy has no effect on the occurence of gastric mucosal lesions, which are induced by hemorrhagic shock in piglets, but prevents these from developing into severe bleeding peptic ulceration.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

[Lose-dose treatment with vitamin A in prevention of stress ulcer in swine].

Hemorrhagic shock in 8 piglets (mean AoBP 40 mm Hg for 3 h) was followed by severe stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions (Gr-I). When vitamin A was administered simultaneously (50,000 IE/kg = Gr. II, n = 6 and 5,000 IE/kg = Gr. III, n = 7) during the procedure, no stress lesions were observed. The study shows that the simultaneous application of vitamin A during hemorrhagic shock, in a reasonable clinical dosage, protects the gastric mucosa against stress-induced lesions.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Acute clinical hypocalcemic myocardial depression during rapid blood transfusion and postoperative hemodialysis: a preventable complication.

Despite experimental evidence that myocardial depression resulting from rapid transfusion of ACD blood (citrate binds ionic calcium) is avoidable by simultaneous calcium administration, most hypovolemic patients receive calcium either after transfusion or not at all. Similar iatrogenic hypocalcemic myocardial depression occurs in normovolemic patients with known myocardial damage who are dialyzed for acute uremia when ACD blood prime is used at high initial flow rates (350 c.c. per minute) and when dialysis is performed against low calcium dialysate (2.5 mEq. per liter or less). This study tests the hypotheses that (1) rapid transfusion of as little as one unit of CPD blood causes a significant reduction in ionized calcium, (2) the depressive effect of CPD blood is significant and similar to that of ACD blood, (3) rapid blood transfusion (ACD or CPD) is safe if calcium is given simultaneously, (4) addition of calcium to the extracorporeal heparinized blood prime used in dialysis prevents initial depression, and (5) hemodynamic instability during dialysis is prevented when the dialysate is normocalcemic. From the results of our study, we made the following conclusions: (1) Ionized calcium is reduced significantly by rapid transfusion of CPD blood; (2) acute myocardial depression noted with CPD blood is similar to that previously observed with ACD blood and is prevented during transfusion of either type of blood by simultaneous calcium administration; and (3) hemodialysis in patients who have had cardiac surgery is safe if calcium is added to blood prime and dialysate is made normocalcemic.

Blood Preservation↗

PubMed1975

Noncoronary collateral myocardial blood flow.

This study shows that noncoronary collateral flow occurs in normal hearts after chronic coronary occlusion and with left ventricular hypertrophy in variable amounts (0.2 to 16 ml/100 gm/min). Luminal--left ventricular flow is greatest when the heart is arrested by aortic cross-clamping, falls significantly when perfusion pressure is lowered to 50 mm Hg, and increases slightly when blood viscosity is reduced (hemodilution). Our findings indicate that the heart which is arrested by aortic cross-clamping may not be anoxic.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[The effects of left ventricular distention on coronary blood flow and myocardial metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass (author's transl)].

These studies show that distention of the fibrillating left ventricle during cardiopulmonary bypass impedes subendocardial flow and causes myocardial ischemia. While myocardial oxygen requirements increase when the heart becomes distended (La Place relationship) the elevated intracavitary pressure acts as a counterforce to subendocardial flow and prevents it from increasing sufficiently to meet these increased metabolic demands. The resultant ischemia is accentuated when the fibrillation is maintained electrically, since the fibrillating stimulus itself impedes subendocardial flow and causes ischemia.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Effect of a decrease in viscosity on myocardial blood flow and function in myocardial infarct].

In 5 dogs the effect of a decrease in blood viscosity on myocardial blood flow (radioactive microspheres) and left ventricular function (Sarnoff curves) following ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was tested. Moderate anaemia produced a significant increase in coronary blood flow to the total left ventricle (+ 100%) and to the ischemic area (+ 400%). Depressed left ventricular function after coronary ligation alone was restored when blood viscosity was lowered only slightly. Severe anaemia further increased coronary blood flow but left ventricular function worsened.

Animals↗

PubMed1975