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Biomedical subjects

C Hernandez

Publications and source records attributed to C Hernandez.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

One-year dog toxicity study of D-002, a mixture of aliphatic alcohols.

D-002 is a mixture of high-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohols, obtained from bees wax (Apis mellifera), with mild anti-inflammatory properties and effective anti-ulcer activities demonstrated in experimental models. This study investigated the oral toxicity of D-002 administered for 1 year to beagle dogs. Twenty-four beagle dogs (12 males and 12 females) were distributed randomly in three experimental groups (four animals per group): a control and two treated groups received D-002 at 50 and 250 mg kg(-1) (7 days/week) by gastric gavage. Overall, D-002 was well tolerated throughout the study. No signs or symptoms of toxicity were observed, and no mortality occurred during the study. All groups showed similar weight gain and food consumption. No hematological, blood biochemical or histopathological disturbances attributable to treatment were observed. This study shows no drug-related toxicity induced by long-term administration of up to 250 mg kg(-1) D-002 to beagle dogs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood-aqueous barrier permeability determination in HLA B27-positive acute anterior uveitis patients.

The blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) permeability was studied by fluorophotometry in 17 healthy control subjects and in 27 eyes from 27 patients with HLA-B27-positive acute anterior uveitis (HLA-B27 AAU). Twenty of these patients had an associated spondyloarthropathy. BAB permeability was studied during the ocular inflammatory crisis and in the disease-free periods in the same patients. Anterior chamber fluorophotometric scans were performed before and 30 minutes after the intravenous injection of 14 mg/kg of sodium fluorescein. The diffusion coefficient (Kd) was obtained from the ratio between the fluorescein concentration in the anterior chamber and the NPBF. Data were analyzed using the Student's t test and analysis of variance. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was found between the Kd of active HLA-B27 AAU (61.4 +/- 16.8 x 10(-4) min-1) and the Kd of inactive HLA-B27 AAU (4.8 +/- 1.6 x 10(-4) min-1). No statistically significant differences were found between the Kd of inactive HLA-B27 AAU and the Kd of the control subjects (4.3 +/- 1.0 x 10(-4) min-1). We also failed to detect significant differences between patients with and without spondyloarthropathy either during the acute attack or during the disease-free period. On the basis of these results we conclude that the permeability of the BAB remains intact in inactive HLA-B27-positive AAU. The parallel fluorophotometric behaviour of HLA-B27-positive AAU with spondyloarthropathy and without spondyloarthropathy suggests that both share a common pathogenetic mechanism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in Uruguayan population by breath hydrogen test (H2).

This study of 200 Uruguayans between 0 and 86 years old was designed to determine the prevalence of lactose malabsorption. Lactose intolerance is defined as a clinical syndrome of abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, and bloating after the ingestion of a standard lactose tolerance test dose (2 g of lactose per kilogram of body weight or 50 g/m2 of body surface area, maximum 50 g in a 20% water solution). Lactose malabsorption refers to the state in which dietary lactose remains unhydrolyzed and subsequently unabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; symptoms may or may not result from lactose malabsorption. The technique of breath hydrogen (H2) was used after ingestion of 2 g/kg body weight to a maximum of 50 g in a 20% solution. There was no lactose malabsorption in children younger than 5 years old. The prevalence increases progressively after the age of 5, and in adolescence the percentage of malabsorption is similar to that in adults, who show 65% lactose malabsorption, with 25% asymptomatic and 40% intolerant. In 109 white adults, the prevalence of lactose malabsorption is 63%, with 24% asymptomatic and 39% intolerant. In 11 black adults, lactose malabsorption is 82%, with 27% asymptomatic and 55% intolerant. The difference between white and black adults is statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The H2 test is simple, reliable, noninvasive, and appropriate to study large populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes in Kentucky.

A state diabetes commission and university diabetes program in Kentucky jointly studied the social and economic impact of diabetes mellitus and its complications on the Commonwealth. This investigation revealed that diabetes was a more serious public health problem than previously supposed. Active, diagnosed diabetes afflicts 4.4% Kentucky's population. Less severe clinical and "borderline" forms of diabetes affect an additional 2.4%. Diabetes is especially prevalent in Appalachian regions and in rural, Western Kentucky. In contrast, its prevalence in Lexington, the second-largest city, is 2.7%, similar to the current, estimated national prevalence. Diabetes is the leading cause of hospitalization by disease, and costs approximately $98,800,000 to $135,000,000. Previous estimates of these social and economic losses were lower, partly because they failed to account for the impact of diabetic complications. An average of 5.23% of all hospitalized Kentuckians have diabetes. Specific services for diabetes care, including organized patient education programs, social or psychological counseling, and preventive foot care, were offered by less than 8% of accredited Kentucky hospitals. This study demonstrates the disparity between need and available services, particularly preventive services, for diabetes care in the health care system.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacteriological sampling of surfaces: importance of the step of enrichment and the choice of the culture media].

This study tested the efficiency of four different procedures for isolating bacteria found on hospital surfaces. The techniques studied use both rich and poor media with or without enrichment in nutritive broth. The sampling of surfaces in hospital care departments was carried out using a dampened sterile flue brush. Bacteria samples were then placed on TCSA agar plates (method 1) and blood agar plates (GS) (method 2) before immersion in a nutritive broth for enrichment. The following day, the broth was used to produce two new media: TCSA (method 3) and GS (method 4). For each sample, we established the global amount of different bacterial species isolated by all 4 methods combined. These values were then used as a reference to evaluate the efficiency of each technique. 360 smears were carried out, and a total of 718 bacterial strains were isolated. Methods 1 and 2 (without enrichment) permitted the isolation of 10.86 and 13.37% respectively of the total number of strains. Methods 3 and 4, with preliminary enrichment, made it possible to isolate 69.08% of bacterial strains on TCSA medium and 90.53% on GS medium. The combination of the enrichment stage and an enriched culture medium lead to an excellent output that highlights and identifies bacteria isolated from samples taken from hospital surfaces.

Agar↗