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Biomedical subjects

C Henry

Publications and source records attributed to C Henry.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Misuse of pressurized metered dose inhalers by asthmatic patients treated in French private practice.

Although metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are widely used to treat asthma, clinical studies suggest that misuse is frequent. We studied the frequency of, and factors related to, misuse of MDIs in asthmatic patients of French private practice. 264 chest specialists or general practitioners completed questionnaires including characteristics of patients and asthma, technique in using inhalers and previous instruction, for three consecutive asthmatics aged > 6 years and currently using MDIs: 668 adults (mean age 47.8 years +/- 18.5, 51.8% males) and 100 children (mean age 11.5 years +/- 2.1, 72.0% males) were included. Adequate technique (deep inspiration synchronized with inhaler activation, followed by holding breath for 5 seconds) was used by 33.2% of adults and 26.0% of children; optimal technique (same, plus shaking the inhaler before use and activating it only once) was used by 22.1% of adults and 20.0% of children. The main factor related to misuse of MDIs was absence of previous instruction. However only 26.5% of instructed adults and 22.1% of instructed children used the optimal technique. Misuse of MDIs is a public health problem and instruction is unlikely to solve it. The use of different types of devices, like dry powder breath-actuated inhalers should be encouraged.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Acadesine reduces the frequency of coronary artery reocclusion following rt-PA induced thrombolysis in the dog.

Acadesine is a ribose-substituted imidazole with antithrombotic properties mediated by adenosine. In view of the beneficial effects of antiplatelet agents on thrombolysis and post-thrombolytic reocclusion, we studied the effects of acadesine on t-PA induced coronary reperfusion and continued artery thrombosis. In 4 groups of dogs we examined the effects of saline and 3 doses of acadesine (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg/min, i.v.) on time reperfusion, and incidence and time to reocclusion following infusion of t-PA (10 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.). Acadesine had no effect on time to reperfusion, but significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the incidence of reocclusion and prolonged the time to reocclusion at the highest dose tested. In saline treated animals vessels reoccluded in 6 or 7 animals (86%) at 33 +/- 6 min after reperfusion. With the lowest dose of acadesine (0.5 mg/kg/min) vessels reoccluded in 3 of 3 animals (100%) at 18 +/- 7 min. In animals treated with 1.0 mg/kg/min acadesine, the incidence of reocclusion was reduced, but not significantly (p < 0.1) to 2 of 6 (33%), and time to reocclusion was prolonged to 59 +/- 11 min (p < 0.1). At the highest dose (2.0 mg/kg/min) of acadesine, only 2 of 8 (25%) animals reoccluded (p < 0.05), and time to occlusion was prolonged to 80 +/- 13 min (p < 0.05). Acadesine had no effect on hemodynamics. These results suggest that acadesine might prove beneficial in clinical settings of platelet activation and prothrombotic conditions, such as occur during thrombolysis with t-PA.

Aminoimidazole Carboxamide↗
PubMed1994

Oral imipramine and acute angle closure glaucoma.

OBJECTIVE: To document acute angle closure glaucoma temporally related to ingestion of oral imipramine hydrochloride. PATIENTS: Four patients with narrow angles received routinely prescribed doses of imipramine that triggered acute angle closure glaucoma. OUTCOME: Laser iridotomy was successful in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Psychoactive drugs should be prescribed cautiously in patients with known narrow angles and should be monitored by an ophthalmologist.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Sternoclavicular grafts for temporomandibular joint reconstruction.

This study evaluated the long-term outcomes of 52 sternoclavicular grafts for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction in 38 patients. Patients were divided into three groups according to preoperative diagnosis and evaluated an average of 45 months (range, 10 to 84 months) postsurgery. Group 1 consisted of 14 patients (24 joints) with previous Proplast/Teflon implants (P/T; Vitek, Inc, Houston, TX;); successful reconstruction was achieved in only four patients (29%) and seven joints (29%). Group 2 included 10 patients (14 joints) with inflammatory TMJ pathology (non-P/T); success occurred in five patients (50%) and eight joints (57%). Group 3 consisted of 14 patients (14 joints) with non-P/T and noninflammatory TMJ pathology. Success in this group occurred in 13 patients (93%) and 13 joints (93%), with only one failure. The results of this study support the use of the sternoclavicular graft for TMJ reconstruction in a select group of patients and demonstrate a high failure rate in patients with previous P/T implants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Trends in asthma-induced mortality in France from 1970-90.

OBJECTIVE: The object of this research was to study the evolution of asthma-induced mortality in France from 1970-90 in the whole population and by age group. DESIGN: Data from the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) and the population groups established by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE) were used. The study was carried out on age-specific, crude and age-adjusted rates. RESULTS: In the general population, a drop in the age-adjusted rates can be observed from 1970-80 in men and only until 1975 in women, followed by an increase until 1986 and then another drop. The rates among women have become closer to those in men. Among those aged 5-34, a clear increase is apparent in the age-adjusted rates for both sexes, in particular in the groups aged 15-24 and 25-34. In the older age groups, this increase involves only men aged 55-64 and women from 65 years onward. CONCLUSION: It is highly unlikely that the variations observed can be explained by biases, and the increase seems therefore to be real, particularly in women and in those aged 5-34.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Prenatal stress increases the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis response in young and adult rats.

Prenatal stress is considered as an early epigenetic factor able to induce long-lasting alterations in brain structures and functions. It is still unclear whether prenatal stress can induce long-lasting modifications in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. To test this possibility the effects of restraint stress in pregnant rats during the third week of gestation were investigated in the functional properties of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and hippocampal type I and type II corticosteroid receptors in the male offspring at 3, 21 and 90 days of age. Plasma corticosterone was significantly elevated in prenatally-stressed rats at 3 and 21 days after exposure to novelty. At 90 days of age, prenatally-stressed rats showed a longer duration of corticosterone secretion after exposure to novelty. No change was observed for type I and type II receptor densities 3 days after birth, but both receptor subtypes were decreased in the hippocampus of prenatally-stressed offspring at 21 and 90 days of life. These findings suggest that prenatal stress produces long term changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in the offspring.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

Do elderly patients mind how doctors address them?

A survey was carried out in the Geriatric Unit at Cork Regional Hospital to determine how elderly patients would like to be addressed by their doctor. Two hundred patients over the age of 65 were given a Questionnaire asking them to state their preference. Only a minority (4.5%) expressed a definite preference for the formal mode of address. The remainder either did not mind (38%) or preferred to be addressed by their first name (57.5%). We concluded that most elderly patients do have a preference and this should be established on admission.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Peak expiratory flow variability and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. An epidemiologic study in 117 workers.

We studied the relationships between peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in 117 workers attending the annual compulsory examination (mean age, 38.7 yr +/- 9.5; men, 86.3%). Subjects recorded their highest PEF out of three, every 3 waking hours (i.e., five times a day) for 7 days, each using a newly purchased Vitalograph peak flow meter, and underwent methacholine challenge tests with a maximal cumulative dose of 1,200 micrograms. Those with a FEV1 fall of 15% or more were considered as reactors. The variability of PEF was expressed as the amplitude percent mean, calculated from daily amplitude (highest-lowest reading/mean reading of the day x 100), averaged over 6 days, from the second to the seventh. This index had a continuous distribution, skewed towards the greatest amplitudes, and correlated negatively with FEV1 (r = -0.25, p = 0.01). Subjects with asthma (n = 8) had greater variations. In the 109 nonasthmatics, greater variability was observed in subjects with wheeze apart from colds, breathlessness, or hay fever; the average amplitude was greater in reactors than in nonreactors to methacholine (16.9% versus 9.3%, p less than 0.001). The subjects with excessive PEF variability were all methacholine reactors, but they were only a subgroup of the reactors. These results provide evidence that excessive PEF variability is an indicator of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in a population sample.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Frequency and correlates of the saw-tooth pattern of flow-volume curves in an epidemiological survey.

The object of this report was to assess the possibility of identifying saw-tooth patterns on flow-volume curves in men aged 28 to 58 years. We studied the frequency of these patterns and their relationships with two indirect signs of UAO increase in FEV1/PEF and FEF50%/FIF50% ratios--as well as with clinical and functional data. Twenty-six of the 360 subjects surveyed, ie, 7.2 percent, had flow oscillations in the inspiratory and/or expiratory part of flow-volume curves, corresponding to the definition of the saw-tooth pattern. We observed significant relationships between the saw-tooth pattern and the mean FEV1/PEF ratio. In 97 subjects, the proportion of those with saw-tooth patterns was 13.4 percent, and the mean FEF50%/FIF50% ratio was 1.53 in those with the pattern vs 1.07 in those without it. These results show that the saw-tooth pattern was not rare in these men.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Mortality related to asthma. Trends in France from 1970 to 1987].

An increase in mortality related to asthma has been observed in a great number of countries during the last decade. The purpose of this work is to study this evolution in France from 1970 to 1987. Numbers of deaths were obtained from INSERM, by sex and age groups and the corresponding populations from INSEE. Data were interpreted from crude rates and with the computation of age adjusted and age specific rates. In men, we observed a decrease in mortality from 1972 to 1979, then an increase from 1980 to 1987. In women, the decrease stopped as early as 1974 and we observed an increase from 1975 to 1987. On the other hand their crude and age-adjusted rates become higher than men's rates as early as 1977.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Electromyography of the larynx in the diagnosis of spontaneous or post-thyroidectomy laryngeal paralysis].

Electromyographic assessment (EMG) of the larynx is very important for diagnostic and prognostic in cases of unmoving larynx: definition that authors like better than larynx palsie or recurrent nerve palsie because it is impossible to know why the larynx do not move in many cases (15f for 20 cases in the experience of the authors). EMG must be realized on several muscles and not only on the vocal fold muscle. It is necessary to realize several EMG to have a good follow up. If we have the proof that it is a case of definitive recurrent palsie the authors think that it is now, indication of nervous selective anastomosis by micro-surgery.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1990

[Rehabilitation of the abduction of the vocal cord by selective nerve anastomosis in dogs].

Laryngeal reinnervation procedures were performed on 15 dogs. Anastomosis was performed between a selected motor branch of the ansa hypoglossi and the posterior crico-arytenoid nerve. The results were analyzed endoscopically, electromyographically, and histologically. Results were satisfactory in 12 cases. The methods and results have been compared with those obtained using other reinnervation techniques.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1989

Cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping: an improved approach for distinguishing dysplastic nevi from malignant melanomas.

We present a novel approach for improving the management of patients with pigmented neoplasms including malignant melanomas and dysplastic nevi. A cohort of 215 dysplastic nevi and malignant melanomas was studied by cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping (CSSS) and conventional histology. Presence of atypical melanocytes was found in the stratum corneum in more than 95% of malignant melanomas and was always absent in dysplastic nevi. We conclude that this non-invasive technique is rapid, easy to perform, and inexpensive. Its specificity and sensitivity are high enough to be considered by clinicians as an aid for distinguishing dysplastic nevi from malignant melanomas. We recommend this ancillary technique as a screening procedure though not as a substitute for conservative excisional biopsy, when doubt persists in the diagnosis of atypical pigmented neoplasms.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Studies on the prevalence and the transmission of lung and stomach nematodes of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in France.

Five species of lung nematodes (Metastrongylus asymmetricus, M. confusus, M. elongatus, M. pudendotectus, M. salmi) and two species of stomach nematodes (Ascarops strongylina, Physocephalus sexalatus) were found in the wild boars (Sus scrofa) in France. Prevalence of lung nematodes was 92% (no significant difference between closed reserve and open areas could be demonstrated) and 97% for stomach nematodes. In both cases, intensity of infection was significantly greater in young wild boars (age less than 1 yr) than in the older animals. The importance of intermediate hosts in the transmission of these infections is emphasized by the increased prevalences and intensities in certain high risk areas and during certain seasons.

Animals↗