[County council in Halland has fresh employees].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Community Health Nursing↗
Biomedical subjects
C Hansson
Publications and source records attributed to C Hansson.
Inflammatory reactions from organic pigments in red tattoos.
Two different red pigments used for tattooing were found to give rise to inflammatory reactions in the skin. No inorganic component was found in the pigments. NMR and MS analyses elucidated the molecular structures of two different organic compounds. A bright red pigment was found to be an aromatic azo-derivative, and a red-violet pigment was found to be linear quinacridone. A strong exposure to UV-light was reported in most cases prior to the onset of the inflammation.
Acridines↗
Location of ulcers on the lower limbs in relation to distal systolic blood pressure indices.
The distal systolic blood pressure indices (AI = ankle/arm and TI = toe/arm) of 100 patients with lower limb ulcers at a dermatology outpatient clinic were correlated to ulcer site. The left limb was more often ulcerated than the right. Most ulcers were situated medially, while ulcers on the anterior and posterior sides were infrequent. An AI below 0.9 and TI below 0.6 is usually considered to indicate arterial insufficiency. Forty-four per cent of the patients had an AI less than 0.9 and 66% a TI less than 0.6. The lowest mean indices in all ulcerated limbs were found in patients with ulcers on the feet, followed by those with ulcers in lateral and posterior positions. A significantly lower TI (p = 0.002) was found in the ulcerated limbs when comparing the patients with one ulcerated and one non-ulcerated leg, but no such difference was found for AI. Thus, the ulcerated and the seemingly healthy limb usually had about the same AI. In all patients, TI decreased significantly with age (p = 0.0001). TI was lower in men, than in women, when the effect of age was eliminated (p = 0.0509).
Adult↗
[Only those who burn can be burnt-out].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Automated high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 5-S-cysteinyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in urine.
An automated high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for measurement of 5-S-cysteinyl-DOPA in urine (DOPA = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine). The urinary sample was injected into an HPLC boronate column. With a mobile phase of 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 0.2 mM disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na2EDTA) (pH 6.0) mixed with methanol (9:1), 5-S-cysteinyl-DOPA was adsorbed while most other compounds were washed away. By column switching, the column flow was reversed and 5-S-cysteinyl-DOPA was desorbed by a mobile phase of 0.1 M formic acid and 0.2 mM Na2EDTA at pH 3.0 and chromatographed on a reversed-phase column. The precision, as estimated from repeated analysis of an urinary sample and from duplicate analysis of a number of samples, ranged from 1.4 to 5.2% (coefficient of variation), and the analytical recovery was 93 +/- 4.1%. The method is suitable for use in the clinical laboratory.
Catecholamines↗
Monoamines in pancreatic islets of guinea pig, hamster, rat, and mouse determined by high performance liquid chromatography.
Previous studies on the occurrence of catecholamines and serotonin in pancreatic islets using various histochemical and chemical methods have given widely different results. We therefore performed a comparative analysis of these amines in whole pancreas and islet tissue from hamster, guinea pig, rat, and mouse by the use of high performance liquid chromatography. Whole pancreas of guinea pig, hamster, and rat had a norepinephrine concentration of approximately 1.1 mumol/kg of pancreatic wet weight. The mouse pancreas had less than one-half of that concentration. Epinephrine and dopamine concentrations were on the order of 0.02 mumol/kg of pancreatic wet weight in all four species. The serotonin concentration was 2.1 mumol/kg of pancreatic wet weight in the guinea pig pancreas and approximately 0.2 mumol/kg in the other three species studied. The catecholamine concentrations were much higher in the pancreatic islets than in the exocrine pancreas. Thus, the norepinephrine concentration was approximately 35 mumol/kg of islet wet weight in hamster islets and 5-10 mumol/kg in rat, guinea pig, and mouse islets. The epinephrine concentration in islet tissue ranged between 1 and 7 mumol/kg of islet wet weight and the dopamine concentration between 0.5 and 4 mumol/kg except for guinea pig islets (12 mumol/kg). The islet tissue in the mouse, rat, and guinea pig contained disproportionately more epinephrine and dopamine relative to norepinephrine than did the exocrine pancreas. Chemical sympathectomy (6-hydroxydopamine treatment) in the mouse reduced the norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations in islet tissue to nondetectable levels, whereas the dopamine concentration was essentially unchanged, thus suggesting an extra-neuronal source of this amine in addition to its occurrence in adrenergic nerves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Assignment of gene for coagulation factor V to chromosome 1 in man and to chromosome 13 in rat.
Two different factor V cDNA fragments were used as hydridization probes in the chromosomal assignment of the human and rat factor V genes. A 1.6-kb EcoRI fragment was used as a hybridization probe to analyze a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids. Cosegregation of factor V specific DNA restriction fragments with human chromosome 1 was observed. In addition, a panel of rat-mouse somatic cell hybrids was analyzed with another human factor V cDNA probe to localize the gene for rat coagulation factor V. In the rat, the gene for coagulation factor V was found to be located in chromosome 13. This is the first gene in the rat to be localized to chromosome 13.
Animals↗
Regulating the pressure under compression bandages for venous leg ulcers.
A simple method for regulating the highest comfortable sub-bandage pressure is described. One way of regulating the pressure under the bandage is to vary the stretch of the bandage and the other way is to alter the number of bandage layers. With constant stretch, the pressure is proportional to the number of layers. The method with constant degree of stretch and gradually increasing number of layers was tested on 30 patients. Initially the patients received two layers of bandage. One layer was added each time the patient came for treatment, up to five layers. If the patient felt pain or any other discomfort the number of layers was decreased to the former number. About 27% of the patients preferred five layers, 60% four layers and 13% three layers.
Aged↗
Studies on leg and foot ulcers.
The medical records of patients with leg and foot ulcers caused by vascular disorders were investigated in Göteborg in 1980. The prevalence was estimated to be about 0.3%. The median age of all patients was 73 years. Sixty per cent of the patients were women. There were small differences in the number of leg and foot ulcers cases in each age-group per 1000 inhabitants between men and women. The prevalence of ulcers increased rapidly with age, especially after the age of 70. Seventeen per cent of the patients had ulcers on the medial side of the leg around the ankle only and about 30% on the feet only. Leg and foot ulcer patients were treated by several different specialties and mostly (76%) as outpatients only. From the total of 1377 ulcer patients, 350 patients, who had consulted the Department of Dermatology in 1980 were asked to come for an interview in 1984. Ulcers had been present at some time in each of the years 1981, 1982 and 1983 in 44% of the interviewed patients. During 1980, 24% of the ulcers healed and did not recur before the end of the study. During the follow-up period (3.5 years) 27% of the patients had died. The mortality rate for the leg and foot ulcer patients during the follow-up period was twice as high for both men and women as for the same age groups in the population of Göteborg, during the same years. The risk of dying from ischaemic heart disease was also approximately doubled, but the risk of dying from malignancies was the same. Compression bandages are the most important in the treatment of venous leg ulcers. The pressure under a bandage is proportional to the number of bandage layers with constant stretch. A simple method of regulating the highest comfortable sub-bandage pressure was developed. The number of bandage layers was increased gradually with the same stretch in 30 patients. The reproducibility of the method was tested for different nurses. Compression bandages are often applied for long-term treatment as double bandages. Six women treated for long periods with double bandages for venous leg ulcers developed painful, bright red, glistening skin lesions with pustules, denuded skin and scales as in intertriginous candidiasis. Cultures showed growth of Candida albicans and antimycotic treatment resulted in relief of pain and healing of skin lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Age Factors↗
Some indolic compounds as markers of the melanocyte activity.
The melanocyte activity was studied by analysis of the urinary excretion of indolic and cysteinyldopa compounds. One eumelanin marker, 5,6-dihydroxy-indole-2-carboxylic acid was identified and quantified in normal urine. However, its low concentration and sensitivity to oxidation made it less suitable for clinical studies. A methylated derivative of this substance, 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (6H5MI-2-C), was also demonstrated in normal urine. A quantitative method was worked out and the normal urinary concentration of this substance was as high as the concentration of 5-S-cysteinyldopa. The concentrations of the eumelanic marker 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid and the pheomelanic marker 5-S-cysteinyldopa were determined in the urine of psoriasis patients during PUVA treatment and also in the urine of subjects with different skin colour. The melanocyte activity in albinotic patients and in albinotic mice was studied by the same technique. Some in vitro experiments were performed to show that 5-S-glutathionyldopa has the molecular properties of forming a mercapto-substituted indole derivative. The following main conclusions were drawn: 1. 5,6-Dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid and 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid are both present in measurable amounts in normal urine. 2. The urinary concentration of 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid increased during PUVA treatment in a similar way as for 5-S-cysteinyldopa. 3. The eumelanic marker 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid was excreted in larger quantities by people with genetically dark skin, whereas the pheomelanic marker 5-S-cysteinyldopa was not related to pigment type. 4. In the urine of one albino patient and in the urine of albinotic mice a total absence of 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid was found. The urinary concentrations of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in these subjects were measurable but lower than in pigmented subjects. Thus, 6-hydroxy-5-methoxy-indole-2-carboxylic acid seems to be a more specific melanocyte marker than the cysteinyldopas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Albinism↗
Leg ulcer epidemiology in Gothenburg.
Patients with ulcers on the legs and feet due to vascular disorders in Gothenburg 1980 were selected for this retrospective survey of medical records. 1377 patients were found, of whom 61% were women. The median age of the women was 76 years and of the men 70 years. The ulcers were located on the feet only in 30% of the patients and on the medial sides of the ankles only in 17%. A total of 7074 outpatient visits were made. The total treatment time for the ulcer inpatients was 19947 days (nursing home patients excluded). The prevalence was estimated of 0.32% (0.2-0.4%) in the whole population. The number of patients with leg and foot ulcers increased with age. 4-5% of the population in the age interval over 80 years of age sought medical advice for their ulcers.
Adult↗
Determination of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in human urine by direct injection in coupled-column high-performance liquid chromatography.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Boronic Acids↗
Dopaquinone addition products in cultured human melanoma cells.
The concentrations of dopa, cysteinyldopas, 5-S-glutathionyldopa, gamma-glutamyl-5-S-cysteinyldopa and 5-S-cysteinylglycinedopa, were analysed in homogenates of cultured human melanoma cells and in culture media. Cysteinyldopas were found to be the major catechol in the cells, with a molar concentration more than a hundred times that of dopa. 5-S-Glutathionyldopa was found in the same amount as dopa, while the quantity of 5-S-cysteinylglycinedopa was one order of magnitude less. gamma-Glutamyl-5-S-cysteinyldopa was not present in detectable amounts. In the medium the concentrations of dopa, 5-S-cysteinylglycinedopa and of 5-S-glutathionyldopa were about one half of those in the cells, while the concentration of cysteinyldopas was about 2%. The ratio between 2-S-cysteinyldopa and 5-S-cysteinyldopa when incubating dopa and cysteine with tyrosinase was identical with the ratio between the analogically synthetised isomers of glutathionyldopa. Consequently, from the calculation of these ratios in cells and media one cannot deduce whether cysteinyldopas arise from the direct addition of cysteine to dopaquinone, or from degradation of glutathionyldopa. Oxidation of 5-S-glutathionyldopa gives a red chromophore with maximum absorption at 480 nm which develops into a black pigment.
Benzoquinones↗
Fungal infections occurring under bandages in leg ulcer patients.
In 49 consecutive leg ulcer patients fungal cultures were taken from 4 different locations: the ulcer; the ulcer edge; 10 cm below the knee; and the toe-web. The patients had been treated with ACO Medicated Stockings in half of the cases, and the others were treated with several different bandages. Sera were analysed for antibodies against Candida albicans with the indirect immunofluorescence technique (IIF). The mean antibody titer was 434 in the patients with C. albicans in their ulcers, 123 in control patients with negative cultures in their ulcers and 258 in control patients with basalioma or actinic keratoses. Seven patients were culture positive for C. albicans, two patients had C. parapsilosis and one had growth of Trichophyton rubrum in their ulcers. Nine out of 10 patients with positive cultures had been treated with ACO Medicated Stockings (p less than 0.05). Covering a large area of the leg with an ointment impregnated stocking without preservatives seems to increase the risk for fungal infections.
Adult↗
A follow-up study of leg and foot ulcer patients.
Three hundred and fifty patients treated in 1980 at the Department of Dermatology for leg and foot ulcers were asked to come for an interview concerning the development of their ulcerations up to the end of 1983. Forty-five of 186 patients were free from ulcers from 1981 to 1983. Thirty patients had leg ulcers continuously throughout the period and their ulcers were not healed at any time. Ninety-six patients had died during the follow-up period, and the total mortality rate compared to an age-matched population was shown to be approximately doubled for both men and women. When analysing the causes of death, it was found that the ischemic heart disease mortality rate was twice that of the age-matched population but the mortality rate for malignant diseases was about the same.
Adult↗
Oxidation of dopa in the skin of black and albino mice.
The dopa oxidase activity of tyrosinase in the skin from albino and black mice was assayed using a technique based on the formation of two diastereomers of 5-S-cysteinyldopa when incubating tissue extracts with both L-dopa and D-dopa as substrates in the presence of cysteine. The amounts of 5-S-L-cysteinyl-L-dopa and 5-S-L-cysteinyl-D-dopa formed were then determined. In the extract from black mouse skin the L-L-diastereomer was produced in more than ten times the amount of the L-D-diastereomer. This stereospecific dopa-oxidation is indicative of the presence of tyrosinase and corresponds well with earlier determinations of the rates of oxidation for human tyrosinase, using L-dopa and D-dopa as substrates. Stereospecific dopa oxidation was absent in albino skin, and the nonspecific dopa-oxidation was two orders of magnitude less than the dopa oxidation in black skin. The study demonstrates the lack of tyrosinase activity in albino skin, and quantifies the non-specific dopa oxidation. The lack of tyrosinase activity in the eluates from albinotic skin was found not to be due to the presence of a tyrosinase inhibitor.
Albinism↗
Trichochromuria in melanosis of melanoma.
Two patients with metastasizing melanoma and diffuse melanosis have previously been reported to excrete large quantities of trichochromes in the urine. The present study describes 2 further melanoma patients with diffuse melanosis and trichochromuria. The hair of one of the patients which had been red in childhood and turned brown in adult age returned to red with the appearance of melanosis. Normal excretion of a methylated melanocytic metabolite, 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid, was observed in this patient, possibly indicating exhaustion of the methylating system. The other patients excreted large quantities of 6-hydroxy-5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid. Both patients showed highly increased excretion of 5-S-cysteinyldopa. Both patients with melanosis exhibited fine electrone-dense granules in lysosomes of dermal histiocytes. The findings support the concept that trichochromes or similar pigments in dermal histiocytes are responsible for diffuse melanosis in melanoma patients.
Adult↗
Metabolism of 5-S-glutathionyldopa.
5-S-Glutathionyldopa is oxidized at incubation with tyrosinase and dopa producing a black pigment. The reaction proceeds with the formation of two chromophores with absorption spectra similar to those of dopachrome and melanochrome, respectively. Zn2+ catalyses the formation of the melanochrome-like compound. The oxidation of 5-S-glutathionyldopa by dopaquinone, formed by the action of human tyrosinase and mushroom tyrosinase, is considerably slower than that of 5-S-cysteinyldopa. The higher oxidation potential of 5-S-glutathionyldopa, and/or the greater number of dopaquinone molecules necessary for pigment formation from 5-S-glutathionyldopa and/or the formation of tyrosinase-inhibiting products from 5-S-glutathionyldopa can explain the slower oxidation of this compound. The oxidative pathways suggested for 5-S-glutathionyldopa by the present findings may be relevant both in the melanocyte and in non-specific oxidation of cathechols occurring in other cells.
Basidiomycota↗