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Biomedical subjects

C Hall

Publications and source records attributed to C Hall.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Wash-out of intraparenchymally injected Xenon-133 as a parameter of liver blood flow in the dog.

The method of intraparenchymal injection of xenon-133 for measurement of blood flow was evaluated for use in the liver. Repeated injections in the same liver gave rise to a great range of flow values, pointing to a heterogeneous liver perfusion. The use of single measurements for determination of liver blood flow with this method is not acceptable. Comparison between different livers is only possible when several injections are made and the results are given a statistical characterization. Flow values obtained generally did not correlate well with values determined by other methods. The method therefore seems suitable only for comparative and qualitative studies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suction-assisted lipectomy does not increase the risk of random flap necrosis in a randomized study in pigs.

Thirty-two dorsally based random flaps were raised in eight Yorkshire pigs (26-31 kg) after infiltration with 200 mL of dilute lidocaine (0.1%) with epinephrine (1:1,000,000) into each flap. Prior to elevation 16 of the flaps were treated with syringe-assisted liposuction, while the remaining flaps served as controls. One week postoperatively the viability of the flaps was assessed with computer-assisted planimetry of the necrotic area and by measurement of capillary blood flow using radioactive microspheres. The mean area of necrosis was nearly identical in the flaps treated with liposuction and in the control flaps, and there was no statistically significant difference in blood flow between the groups. The results show that liposuction performed with the "super-wet" or "tumescent" technique can be done prior to elevation of flaps in pigs without increasing the risk of flap necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-partum psychoses and the dexamethasone suppression test.

The hypothesis that post-partum psychoses are predominantly mixed affective disorders was tested by administering the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) to seven puerperal psychotics, six puerperal depressives and comparison groups of non-puerperal psychotic and depressed women. The hypothesis received support from the finding that two-third of the puerperal patients had positive DSTs versus one-third of similar non-puerperal patients. An 80% rate of positive DSTs in 19 normal women 5 days post-partum, however, suggested this was an invalid interpretation of this finding, particularly as the majority of these tests returned to normal when repeated several weeks later.

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing assessment and management of pain in critically ill children.

OBJECTIVES: To describe how nurses assess and manage pain in critically ill children. DESIGN: Descriptive, comparative research design, with use of the Indicators of Pain in Critically Ill Children assessment tool. SETTING: Twelve-bed pediatric intensive care unit in a metropolitan general hospital with a level II pediatric trauma center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four pediatric intensive care unit nurses who conducted 112 assessments of 25 critically ill children. RESULTS: Pain indicators selected most frequently by nurses included cardiovascular and respiratory changes (increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure), followed by behavioral indicators (irritable/fussy, verbalizing pain, crying), and neuromuscular responses (tenseness/rigidity, squirming, drawing up legs). The average number of pain indicators selected during each medication event was 5.3. More indicators were selected for trauma, surgery, and younger patients; fewer indicators were selected for patients receiving ventilation treatment. CONCLUSION: Pain assessment of critically ill children includes unique indicators, as compared to less sick children, and must take into account the child's decreased ability to communicate pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

2000 Wolfe Award. Sumatriptan for the range of headaches in migraine sufferers: results of the Spectrum Study.

BACKGROUND: Migraineurs experience a spectrum of headaches: migraine, migrainous, and episodic tension-type as defined by the International Headache Society (IHS). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of sumatriptan, 50-mg tablets, in treating the spectrum of headaches in IHS-diagnosed migraineurs. DESIGN/METHODS: Migraineurs with severe disability (Headache Impact Questionnaire score 250 or greater) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Patients treated up to 10 headaches with sumatriptan, 50 mg, or placebo (4:1). Headache features, recorded prior to treatment, were used to classify each headache using IHS criteria. Headache response (moderate or severe pain reduced to mild or no pain) and pain-free response were recorded at 2 and 4 hours postdose (primary endpoint). Because patients treated multiple attacks, statistical methods controlling for within-subject correlation were used. RESULTS: Two hundred forty-nine migraineurs treated 1576 moderate or severe headaches: migraine (n = 1110), migrainous (n = 103), and tension-type (n = 363). Sumatriptan was superior to placebo for headache response 4 hours postdose (primary endpoint) across all headache types (migraine, 66% versus 48%; P<.001; migrainous, 71% versus 39%; P<.01; tension-type, 78% versus 50%, P<.001). Sumatriptan was also superior to placebo for pain-free response 4 hours postdose for migraine (41% versus 24%, P<.001) and tension-type headaches (56% versus 36%, P =.001). Sumatriptan provided superior pain-free response 2 hours postdose for migraine (18% versus 7%, P<.0001) and tension-type headache (28% versus 14%, P =.0005) compared with placebo. CONCLUSION: Sumatriptan, 50-mg tablets, are effective for the full spectrum of headaches experienced by patients with disabling migraine due to a sumatriptan-responsive mechanism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of mild headache in disabled migraine sufferers: results of the Spectrum Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of sumatriptan, 50-mg tablets, versus placebo for early intervention while head pain was mild in patients with disabling migraine. METHODS: A post hoc analysis was performed in a subgroup of patients from a large, randomized, placebo-controlled study of patients with disabling headache who treated while pain was mild. Pain-free response 2 and 4 hours postdose, headache recurrence, and safety were examined. Significance tests were performed only for the first-treated attacks. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients with disabling headache treated 46 mild and 166 moderate or severe headaches. For the first-treated headaches while pain was mild, pain-free rates were significantly higher for sumatriptan than placebo 4 hours postdose (78% versus 0%, P =.02), but not 2 hours postdose (52% versus 0%, P =.22). Across all headaches treated while pain was mild, pain-free responses were higher for sumatriptan than placebo 4 hours (85% versus 17%) and 2 hours (50% versus 0%) postdose compared with placebo. When the same patients treated headaches while pain was moderate or severe, pain-free rates were lower than that reported for treatment during mild pain. There was a trend toward lower headache recurrence in headaches treated while pain was mild compared with moderate or severe pain (13% versus 18%). No drug-related adverse events were reported in the headaches treated while pain was mild. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with disabling migraine may benefit from early intervention with sumatriptan, 50 mg, while pain is mild.

Administration, Oral↗