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Biomedical subjects

C H Low

Publications and source records attributed to C H Low.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cholestatic jaundice.

Fifty consecutive patients (32 males and 18 females) with cholestatic jaundice were examined by grey-scale ultrasound from June 1981 to June 1983. All patients were studied without access to case notes. All patients had a diagnosis established by subsequent liver biopsy, clinical course, surgery or autopsy. Using the presence or absence of a dilated biliary system as the criterion, intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholestasis was correctly differentiated in 48 of the 50 patients, giving an overall accuracy of 96%. All 16 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis were correctly identified. Two of the 34 patients with extrahepatic cholestasis, each of whom had biliary stones, were misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholestasis. In the 34 patients with extra-hepatic cholestasis, site of obstruction was defined in 55.9%, and specific aetiology diagnosed in 44.1%. Ultrasound proves to be an accurate method for the evaluation of cholestatic jaundice, and would have a definite value as a screening test before proceeding to invasive studies.

Cholestasis, Extrahepatic↗
PubMed1983

Early gastric cancer in Singapore.

Gastric cancer is one of the commonest malignancies in Singapore. 330 to 350 new cases are reported annually. Only about 8% of these cases undergo curative resection and the rest receive some form of palliative surgery. Early gastric cancer (i.e., cancer limited to mucosa and submucosa) is rarely diagnosed in Singapore. This paper presents 11 cases of early gastric cancer treated successfully by various Departments of Surgery over the past 5 years. All patients are well and free of tumour to date. The aim of this presentation is to remind clinicians of the importance of detecting early gastric cancer which has more than 90% 5 year survival rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cancer of the pancreas--a clinical study of 22 patients.

A retrospective study of 22 patients with cancer of the pancreas seen in a medical department was carried out. The mean age was 61.7 years, although the youngest was only 32 years. Weight loss, pain and jaundice were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Hepatomegaly and jaundice were the most common physical findings. The gall bladder was palpable in 27.3%. Serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and ESR were raised in most cases. Ultrasound examination was done in 72.7% of cases and was diagnostic in 62.5% with 12.5% falsely negative. Five patients had CT scan of the abdomen, of which 4 were diagnostic. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram was positive in all the 8 patients where it was carried out. The cancer was of the pancreatic head in 72.7%. Gallstones were present in 22.7%. Secondary tumour involvement of the liver was present in 40.9%. Laparotomy was performed in 11 patients of which only 2 had a curative procedure (Whipple's operation). The overall prognosis was very poor: 54.5% died during the same admission.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Basal ganglia calcification on computer tomographic scan. A clinical and radiological correlation.

Computerised tomography of the brain was used to demonstrate basal ganglia calcification which may be of an insufficient degree to be seen on skull X-ray. Cases referred for CT scan from hospitals in Singapore for various reasons over a period of 12 months were studied for basal ganglia calcification. There was a startlingly high incidence of 1.5%, as 47 cases (all except 2 were Chinese) showed such calcification. In 42 cases there was no evidence of basal ganglia calcification on skull X-ray. 16 cases showed neurological affection, fits being the commonest manifestation. An unexpected finding was that no case had abnormality of calcium metabolism or evidence of hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism. The CT scan is very sensitive in demonstrating minimal basal ganglia calcification and our impression is that such calcification is common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Malignant tumours of the undescended testis: a report of three cases.

Three cases of testicular malignancies arising in undescended testes were treated in the Department of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital. The patients were all adult Chinese male who presented with tumours arising in unilateral, intra-abdominal undescended testes. Two of the tumours were seminomas while the third was a choriocarcinoma. In all 3 cases, the tumours were large and at an advanced stage at the time of presentation. The treatment in these cases was surgical excision of the primary lesion followed by radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The patient with choriocarcinoma died soon after chemotherapy was initiated while the other two cases are alive, one for over 6 years with no recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Breast cancer.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photorefractive keratectomy for myopia of 6 to 12 diopters.

To conduct a prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy, stability and safety of the use of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct myopia of greater than -6.00 diopters (D) in Singapore. Two hundred thirty-three eyes of 176 patients with a mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction of -8.70 +/- 2.3 D (range, -5.75 D to -18.13 D) underwent PRK with a 193nm ArF excimer laser (ExciMed, Summit) for myopic corrections of between -6.20 D and -11.90 D. The first 66 of 233 eyes that reached at least 1 year of postoperative follow up are reported. One year postoperatively, the mean manifest spherical equivalent refraction was -1.50 D +/- 1.90 D (range -6.25 D to +3.25 D); 34% of eyes were within +/- 1.00 D of attempted correction; uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 75% of eyes. No eyes lost two or more Snellen lines of spectacle corrected visual acuity. Central corneal haze was mild in 20% of eyes and moderate in 3% of eyes. Five eyes developed ocular hypertension that subsequently resolved with treatment. Excimer laser PRK is reasonably effective and safe in the treatment of -6.00 D to -12.00 D of myopia. However, it is less accurate than PRK in eyes with low to moderate myopia and is more likely to result in significant corneal haze.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management delays for early gastric cancer in a country without mass screening.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To examine the symptoms of early gastric cancer and the time scale of management delays in a country without a mass screening program. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective review of 44 patients with early gastric cancer. RESULTS: Epigastric pain (63.3%) and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (27.3%) were the main symptoms found. Total delay was made up of patient delay (48.6%), doctor delay (25.5%) and treatment delay (25.9%). Median patient delay (from symptom onset to medical consult) was 30 days (inter-quartile range 2 to 365). Patient delay of more than 6 months was associated with patients aged 50 and younger (P = 0.04) and those presenting with pain (P = 0.05). Median doctor delay (consult to diagnosis) was 21 days (1 to 35) and median treatment delay (diagnosis to surgery) was 8 days (2 to 21). Doctor delay of more than 6 months was associated with a negative gastroscopy or barium meal in the previous 12 months (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The detection of early gastric cancer at the symptomatic-detectable stage is possible and this potential window for diagnosis can be more than 1 year for up to one third of cases. Efforts to reduce management delays should be aimed at public education and improving the quality and accessibility of endoscopic evaluation.

Adult↗