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Biomedical subjects

C Gysel

Publications and source records attributed to C Gysel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Vesalius' Fabrica and the anatomy of the masticatory system].

In this Tabulae sex, Vesalius does not dare contradict Galenus views too definitely: in the upper jaw he counts fifteen bones amongst which the Os intermaxillare, and two bones in the Mandibula. In the Fabrica, he maintains the unity of the Mandibula; he denies the presence in man of the Os intermaxillare and counts in the upper jaw twelve bones (amongst which the Os planum). He denies the existence of the Vomer and the lower nose-shells. He gives a lyrical description of the Sinus maxillaris, but without an evident image. The under-jaw is moved by four pairs of muscles, which he does not name but numbers. The Musculus pterygoideus lateralis is not described. Jaws, tongue and teeth are tended, not by the Nervus trigeminus, but by the third and fourth pairs of the seven "brain nerves". The thirty-two teeth are divided into "cutting-teeth", "eye-teeth" and "molars", but, with their roots they are pictured in a wrong occlusion. Vesalius declares more than once, that he discovered the pulp-chamber and also the chamber of the smaller bones and concludes hereby that teeth have got all the characters of bones. They consequently are made of only one substance. Their chamber lies as far of the chewing-surface as of the summit of the root and is filled with a kind of marrow. Blood-vessels and nerves penetrate into the side of the hard substance of the hidden part. Vesalius does not make any difference between milk teeth and the permanent dentition. Just like a long bone, a tooth possesses a diaphysis and an epiphysis, for which he uses the word "appendix". In both cases the two parts only join at the end of the growth. When about seven years, the "appendices" fall out, they are replaced by their "diaphyses". If this does not happen, for instance in the big molars, diaphysis and appendix grow firmly together. Vesalius' therapy for early caries is surprising. If, in a child a permanent tooth gets injured, and if only the crown is removed, the tooth is replaced by a "new" tooth.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1991

[The humanist Raphael, the structures of the face and their esthetic appreciation].

His knowledge of antique culture thanks Raphael to his lectures of Dante and Petrarque, to the humanists of Urbino mostly to his friend Castiglione--and to those of the papal court, and also to the recently discovered ancient sculptures. He painted the faces of the Italians of his time in portraits and historical frescoes, his idealised faces in allegories of antiquity and religious paintings, specially in his madonnas where his preferred type of the face is oval an lengthened.

Anatomy, Artistic↗
PubMed1990

[Quadricentenary: death of the humanist Christophe Plantin (1520-1589), editor of medical works].

During the XVIth century, which was one of the most actively intellectual centuries of our era, philosophers and artisans worked hand in hand to spread and advance the cause of the sciences, and particularly those which pave the way for the adequate practice of medicine. This is magnificently illustrated by the life and work of a Frenchman who set up a publishing house abroad which was, and still is, a real beehive of energy, where each worker had his specialisation, a cultural centre and a refuge of humanism.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1990

[The dental teaching of G. Blasius (1626-1682)].

According to Blasius there are only ten bones in the face. He still believes that the canine reaches the orbita, that the root of the deciduous tooth generates the permanent tooth, and that the teeth permanently grow. His dental pathology and therapy compared to the knowledge of contemporary authors is incomplete: dentitio difficilis, epulis and parulis are not mentioned.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1989

[The dentistry of Blainville and the positivism of Comte].

COMTE improved BLAINVILLE's acquaintance when he was the secretary of SAINT-SIMON. They became friends. BLAINVILLE aided COMTE in his illness and financial troubles, taught him biology and was one of the first to support his philosophical ideas, through which he became self-conscious of his own value and scientific methods.

Biology↗
PubMed1989

[The face in the "Margarita philosophica" (1503)].

What was, during the Renaissance, the general formation of those who in the Faculty of Arts were getting ready for medical school? What were they taught in terms of facial anatomy or the physiology of the mastication apparatus? This is what we learn from a repertory, famous in the XVIth century, and which, fifty years after the discovery of printing, had the honor of being richly calligraphed in miniature, (1455).

Anatomy↗