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Biomedical subjects

C Gschwind

Publications and source records attributed to C Gschwind.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Synergistic control of stimulated pronosupination with the stimulated grasp of persons with tetraplegia.

The control of stimulated forearm pronosupination in concert with stimulated hand grasp of persons with tetraplegia has been investigated. It has been shown that hand grasp stability increased as supination was achieved. In accordance with this, a strategy of object acquisition has been proposed incorporating pronosupination and hand grasp. It has been proposed that, after object acquisition in the pronated posture, that supination be used to increase grasp stability. Three types of pronosupination control which act in synchrony with grasp were implemented incorporating this principle. The three types used were position-controlled pronator stimulation, touch-controlled pronator stimulation, and constant pronation stimulation. These controllers played a supporting role to the separate user control of hand grasp and release. The three controllers were evaluated and compared using a standardized test procedure that incorporated stimulated pronosupination control with stimulated grasp. Such methods of pronosupination control are likely to provide enhanced options for improving upper extremity function using electrical stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Does peri-operative guanethidine prevent reflex sympathetic dystrophy?

The use of intravenous guanethidine blocks is an accepted treatment for established reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). Some units administer intravenous guanethidine peri-operatively with the intention of protecting their patients from post-operative dystrophy. There have been no studies confirming this protective effect of peri-operative guanethidine. Between 1992 and 1994 we performed a prospective randomized double blind study in 71 patients undergoing fasciectomy for Duputyren's disease. Peri-operative guanethidine did not prevent post-operative RSD in our series.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Wrist arthrodesis using a sliding radial graft and plate fixation.

In a retrospective study, the results of 18 wrist fusions with a radial sliding graft and a dynamic compression plate are reviewed. All 18 fusions united, with an average position of 16 degrees of extension and 7 degrees of ulnar deviation. Wrist strength and stability and diminished pain allowed improved function. However, decreased maneuverability impaired function for some activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Surgery for cerebral palsy: Part 1. Classification and operative procedures for pronation deformity.

32 patients with cerebral palsy underwent operations for pronation deformity. The deformity is classified into four groups. Patients in group 1 are capable of supination beyond neutral. No surgery is necessary. Those in group 2 are able to supinate to the neutral position. A pronator quadratus release is advised and may be combined with a flexor aponeurotic release. In group 3, patients have no active supination. However a full range of passive supination is readily achieved. A pronator teres transfer is advised. Patients in group 4 have no active supination. Full passive supination may be present, but is tight. A flexor aponeurotic release and a pronator quadratus release may unmask active supinator activity. An active transfer for supination is possible as a secondary procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Human monoclonal antibody against glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus.

We have established a program to make human monoclonal antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Lymphocytes of lymph nodes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complex (ARC) spontaneously produced antibodies to HIV in vitro and their antibody production was suppressed by culturing them in the presence of HIV antigens. Therefore, in vitro stimulation with HIV antigens was not done but rather, donor lymph node or spleen lymphocytes were directly fused with mouse myeloma cells. One of the hybridomas thus generated has been stably producing human monoclonal antibody (MAb) of the IgG1 isotype with a kappa chain. This antibody, MAb86, bound to the surface membrane of HIV-infected cells but not to that of uninfected cells at all. MAb86 reacted in Western blot with both viral glycoproteins of 120,000 daltons (gp120) and 41,000 daltons (gp41). While not neutralizing alone, a combination of MAb86 with another human IgG1 MAb against gp120 showed viral neutralization. Based on these data it seems likely that this approach will result in human MAbs capable of viral neutralization and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. These may have value for the prevention and/or treatment of AIDS.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Deficient strongly adherent monocytes in the peripheral blood of cancer patients.

The numbers of strongly adherent monocytes in the peripheral blood of normal subjects and cancer patients were determined. The method used was to place peripheral blood mononuclear cells in microwells and culture them for 1 week. At the end of that period, adherent macrophages were counted in the Coulter counter after release. Adherent cells per milliliter of blood, per total cells, and per mononuclear cells or monocytes plated were markedly diminished in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 44 melanoma, 23 breast cancer, 18 lung cancer, nine colon cancer, and 27 leukemia patients. Median values were 14.8 X 10(4) adherent cells per ml peripheral blood for 86 normal subjects, as against 2.5 X 10(4) per ml in the peripheral blood of the 125 patients (P less than 0.001). There was a poor correlation between the adherent cell numbers and the peripheral blood leukocyte counts, but an excellent correlation of the different adherent cell counts with each other. The number of adherent cells in the peripheral blood varied inversely with age in the cancer patients, but not in the normal subjects (r = 0.29, P less than 0.005). When patients under age 50 were compared to the controls, the deficiency of adherent cells was slightly more severe in patients with stage IV lung cancer than in those with stage III lung cancer. In contrast, there was no difference in the degree of deficiency between patients with stage III melanoma and no evident disease and patients with stage IV disseminated metastatic disease. The implications of these results are discussed.

Adult↗