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Biomedical subjects

C Giuntini

Publications and source records attributed to C Giuntini.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Reversibility of complete unperfusion in a patient with recurrent hemoptysis.

We present a case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of mild smoking and chronic bronchitis who showed recurrent hemoptysis. She presented with a nearly normal chest roentgenogram, a non-diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy and a computed tomography and lung scanning both of which were highly suggestive for malignancy. In fact, the former showed obstruction of the main left bronchus, of the superior bronchus for the left upper lobe and of the apical bronchus for the left lower lobe, the latter showed a total cessation of blood flow through the left lung. Pulmonary angiography, however, was normal and aortography showed dilatated and twisted left bronchial arteries. Computed tomography and lung scanning came back to normal after bronchoscopic aspiration of endobronchial clots and a nonspecific antibiotic therapy were carried out. Although very infrequent, bronchial stenosis on CT and complete monolateral unperfusion on lung scintigraphy may occur in patients with hemoptysis of benign origin. We recommend the use of pulmonary arteriography in patients with the above pattern when diagnostic doubt remains after bronchoscopy.

Aged↗
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Monodisperse labeled aerosol to visualize airflow redistribution in the lung after a mucokinetic drug.

A technique based on inhalation of nebulized albumin minimicrospheres labeled with 99mTc (HAMM) was applied to visualize the redistribution of convective ventilation in the lung after a mucokinetic drug treatment. A randomized double-blind study comparing the effect of 7 days treatment with 800 mg daily oral sobrerol versus placebo in two groups of 10 patients each, affected by chronic bronchitis, was performed. Routine pulmonary function tests (PFT) and alveolar-arterial (Aa) gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide were performed. Both PFT and Aa gradients did not show significant modification, but the inhomogeneity of HAMM deposition resulted significantly reduced after sobrerol treatment. By means of HAMM technique it was possible to show objectively the reduction of bronchial obstruction secondary to sobrerol treatment.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SPECT perfusion imaging with 123I-HIPDM in a patient with pulmonary embolism.

The use of 123I-N,N,N'trimethyl-N'-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-iodobenzyl-1,3-propanediami ne (123I-HIPDM) as a lung perfusion tracer in a patient with pulmonary embolism is shown. 123I-HIPDM is compared with 99mTc-labeled human albumin microspheres (HAM) using both planar and tomographic (SPECT) imaging. Pulmonary segmental defects are shown by 123I-HIPDM as well as by HAM, with a slightly better definition of perfused areas. Tomograms better show segmental shape of perfusion defects. 123I-HIPDM may be proposed as lung perfusion tracer for both clinical and experimental purposes.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Segmental pulmonary anatomy in man: a method of study with angiography and single photon emission computed tomography.

To study the appearance of the segmental pulmonary anatomy on single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), 300 microCi of 99mTc-MAA was injected into one segmental pulmonary artery in patients who had elective cardiac catheterization for coronary artery disease and who had no pulmonary disease. Eighteen patients were enrolled in order to show the appearance of all pulmonary segments (10 in the right lung and 8 in the left lung). Planar and SPECT imaging were performed before and after peripheral intravenous injection of 3 mCi of 99mTc-MAA. Radioactivity in the segment was subtracted from that in the whole lung to show segmental perfusion defects on planar and SPECT whole lung images. Knowledge of the tomographic appearance of the pulmonary segments should make it easier to identify these segments on other imaging modalities that utilize sectional reconstruction, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This knowledge may also increase the specificity of pulmonary SPECT for the diagnosis of pulmonary emboli.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis of occupational asthma induced by isocyanates.

Several studies on the prognosis of isocyanate-induced asthma show that a significant proportion of patients continue to experience asthmatic symptoms and nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness after cessation of work, and that further exposure to isocyanates in sensitized subjects leads almost invariably to persistence of respiratory symptoms and of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and the deterioration of airway function. Specific bronchial reactivity to isocyanates may change after cessation of work; however, some subjects continue to be sensitive to TDI several months after cessation of work. The determinants of an unfavourable prognosis for asthma seem to be the same as those for other types of occupational asthma due to low molecular weight compounds (i.e. red cedar asthma): long duration of exposure before the onset of asthma, long duration of symptoms before diagnosis, airway obstruction, and dual airway response after specific challenge tests. Also, single acute exposure to high levels of TDI in the workplace (spills) can result in persistent nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Potential mechanisms of persistence of symptoms and of nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness may be chronic inflammation, bronchial smooth muscle alteration, autonomic nervous system disregulation.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical significance of the enlargement of the descending pulmonary artery in pulmonary embolism].

The authors reviewed chest radiographs of 158 patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism, subsequently confirmed in 73 and excluded in 85. Right descending pulmonary artery, measured at 4 different levels, was significantly enlarged at acute embolization in respect to either the diameter showed at recovery and the upper normal limit reported in literature. Moreover, the artery was significantly wider in embolic than in non embolic patients. In addition, the shape of this artery was modified in embolism, since the prevailing enlargement of its upper sections caused the artery to take a truncated cone appearance. "Sausage" appearance of the artery, never found in non embolic patients, was specific for embolism. The radiographic width of the descending pulmonary artery enabled also to identify patients most seriously ill, since it showed a positive linear correlation with the degree of perfusion impairment.

Adult↗