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Biomedical subjects

C Gianni

Publications and source records attributed to C Gianni.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Sequential half-body irradiation as systemic treatment of progressive Ewing sarcoma.

Sequential half-body irradiation (HBI) to be delivered in two sessions was used in 18 consecutive patients with metastatic Ewing sarcoma who relapsed after radiotherapy and multidrug chemotherapy. The HBI program to both upper and lower hemi body was completed in 11 patients (61%). The remaining 7 patients received only one single treatment of HBI because of relapse before the completion of the treatment program. In 20 of the 29 sessions HBI was employed to treat overt metastases. The overall objective response rate was 50%. Six of 18 patients (33%) are alive from 4 to 27 months, 3 of them without evidence of disease. No severe toxicity was observed. HBI as systemic treatment was more effective in patients who relapsed while off chemotherapy, with metastases confined to the lungs or to one single bone segment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: long-term results of an intensive chemotherapy regimen.

Twenty-nine consecutive children with untreated non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma were admitted to Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan during the period from 1974 through 1976 and underwent treatment with chemotherapeutic regimens consisting of Adriamycin, Cytoxan, vincristine, and prednisone (two month induction phase) and 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, Adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (maintenance phase). Each patient, regardless of clinical stage of histologic subgroup, was given the same chemotherapy. The complete response rate was 66%. Due to the high incidence of recurrence of the initial bulky lymphomatous mass and of spread to the central nervous system (CNS), local radiotherapy was given to ten children and CNS prophylaxis (brain radiotherapy + intrathecal methotrexate) to 11 children. After a follow-up period in excess of 40 months, there were five disease-free survivors (17%). Each patient who had a relapse died from the disease. The main reason for first treatment failure was relapse at the level of the primary bulky tumor site or spread to the CNS. This type of CNS prophylaxis did not prevent relapse at this site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acute renal failure in 11 children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Twelve episodes of acute renal failure (ARF) in 11 children hospitalised for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are reported. Six of 11 were classified as abdominal Burkitt type lymphoma, three as lymphoblastic convoluted cell lymphoma, and two as lymphoblastic lymphoma. Oliguria was present in six cases. Duration of ARF ranged from 3 to 23 days. Only one child required peritoneal dialysis. According to possible mechanisms of renal injury patients were divided into three groups: neoplastic renal infiltration (5 cases), uric acid intratubular precipitation (5 cases), treatment-related ARF (2 patients). ARF was always reversible, regardless of aetiology.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

Ewing's sarcoma: an approach to radiological diagnosis.

All the pertinent radiographs of 83 patients with histologically proven Ewing's sarcoma were reviewed. Forty-nine patients were in the pediatric age group, and 34 were adults. The mean age, the symptoms and time from symptoms to diagnosis were evaluated in the 2 groups. The site of primary involvement was in 54% the long bones, 35% the flat bones, 8% the small bones and 3% extraosseous. For the primary site we considered the diagnostic results of the standard radiographic investigations and in some cases the usefulness of angiography, xeroradiography and telethermography. At presentation we also evaluated the possible diffusion of the disease with standard radiographic surveys (chest and skeletal, including limbs) and with foot lymphography in selected cases. In this way, 57 patients (69%) were considered to have localized disease. In this group, we also considered the value of the periodic radiographic follow-up, which enabled us to disclose the appearance of metastases (chest 64%, bone 54%, lymph nodes 11%) in 28 cases (49%). Finally, we made a comparison of the different radiologic and epidemiologic findings between children and adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Restatement of lymphography in childhood: experience with 413 consecutive patients in ten years.

From January 1969 to June 1978, 413 children under 15 years of age underwent lymphography at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan. Successful lymphatic cannulation was accomplished in 97.7% (769/787) of the sites where it was attempted. No major or permanent complications were encountered. In those children undergoing biopsy of opacified lymph nodes, the lymphographic-histologic correlation was 94.5% (104/110). This study has shown that lymphography in childhood can be as readily performed as in the adult and that its diagnostic accuracy is acceptable. As in adults, it is useful in treatment planning, evaluating results of therapy, and detecting a recurrent tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Lymphographic examinations in the pediatric age: review of 413 cases].

From January 1969-June 1978, 413 children less than 15 years of age underwent lymphography at the National Cancer Institute, Milan. Successful lymphatic cannulation was accomplished in 97.7% (769/787) of the sites where it was attempted. No major or permanent complications were encountered. In those children undergoing biopsy of opacified lymph nodes, lymphographic-histologic correlation was 94.5% (104/110). This study has shown that lymphography in childhood can be as readily performed as in the adult and that its diagnostic accuracy is acceptable. As in adults, it is useful in treatment planning, evaluating results of therapy, and detecting recurrent tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tinea capitis in infants less than 1 year of age.

Tinea capitis is the most frequent manifestation of dermatophyte infection in children, but because it is rare in the first months of life it is often misdiagnosed. Here we report 15 cases of tinea capitis observed in Italy in infants less than 1 year of age. There were 10 boys and 5 girls (mean age 6 months). Diagnosis was confirmed by mycologic examination. Microsporum canis was isolated in nine cases and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in three. These 12 infants were Italian and animals were the source of infection. Trichophyton erinacei was isolated in one Italian infant, and the source was soil. In the other two cases, Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton violaceum were isolated; these infants were from Central America and India, respectively, and had contracted the infection from humans. All achieved clinical and mycologic recovery after systemic and topical antimycotic therapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tinea capitis in adults.

Invasion of keratin of the hair by dermatophytes is a rare event after puberty. A study of 2200 patients affected by various mycotic cutaneous infections during 6 years of observation brought to our attention three cases of tinea capitis in adults. Confirming the studies of other authors, we also found that this disease mostly affected females. In all cases the isolated aetiological agent was Microsporum canis, the fungus species most frequently responsible for tinea capitis in Italy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psoriasiform id reaction in tinea corporis.

A case of tinea corporis due to Microsporum canis followed by a scattered psoriasiform eruption is reported. The nature, clinical features and pathogenesis of the dermatophytid are discussed.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Langerhans cell histiocytosis mimicking malignancy: a radiological appraisal.

AIMS: To analyze the radiologic characteristics, clinical course and long-term follow-up of 7 radiologically uncommon pediatric cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and to identify prognostic factors related to imaging patterns. METHODS: The clinical records and complete imaging data of 75 patients with LCH diagnosed and treated at the National Cancer Institute of Milan between January 1975 and December 1993 were analyzed, and 43 cases presenting as unifocal bone lesions were identified. The plain film, computed tomography and magnetic resonance characteristics enabled the identification of 7 radiologically aggressive and rapidly progressive cases, which were analyzed at presentation and during follow-up. RESULTS: Although at disease presentation bone lesions appeared lytic destructive, rapidly progressive and often involved adjacent soft tissues, after adequate therapy the disease course was invariably benign and led to almost complete restoration of normal structure and function. Long-term follow-up confirmed the favorable outcome and lack of disease recurrence in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: There is no correlation between radiologically aggressive characteristics and final outcome in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Radiologists and pediatric oncologists should be acquainted with less common radiologic forms which, at presentation, can mimic more ominous diseases. If recognized and adequately treated, monostotic forms almost invariably have a benign prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent proximal white subungual onychomycosis associated with a defect of the polymorphonuclear chemotaxis.

Proximal white subungual onychomycosis (PWSO) is a rare form of nail infection that occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. Initially, in several reports, PWSO was described in ARC and AIDS patients. Later this pattern of onychomycosis was observed in patients with renal transplants, who received immunosuppressive therapy, and recently in a woman with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with systemic steroid therapy. We report a case of recurrent PWSO in a woman affected by a defect of polymorphonuclear chemotaxis. The association between PWSO and a defect of neutrophil chemotaxis, not yet described in the literature, suggests a point of discussion about the role of polymorphonuclear leucocyte functions in the defense mechanisms of the host affected by dermatophytosis. In this report the close association between PWSO and an immunocompromised condition is once again described. For this reason the authors emphasize the importance of investigating the common and uncommon causes of immunodeficiency in all patients affected by PWSO.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Safety of conventional drugs and biologic agents for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

While initial researches documented that Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients who took biologic agents had decreased symptoms with those receiving traditional treatment, safety of the drugs remains a concern. The authors in this paper review the safety of the RA new therapeutic approach utilizing biological agents and compare it with the safety of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗