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Biomedical subjects

C Gaudebout

Publications and source records attributed to C Gaudebout.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Serologic survey of human hydatid disease in high risk populations from central Tunisia. Preliminary results.

The annual surgical incidence rate of hydatid disease in central Tunisia varies from 11.1 to 30.1 per 100,000 population depending on the district. In order to obtain more comprehensive data, we conducted a serologic survey in the district with the highest rate, using hemagglutination-inhibition to test 480 workers from a state farm and 190 inhabitants of villages in the neighborhood. The overall prevalence rate was 1.3% (9/670). Echotomography revealed liver cysts in all cases and the diagnosis was confirmed in the eight subjects who underwent surgery. If these preliminary results are confirmed by further surveys, mass screening might be considered in high risk districts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Arterial blood gases and acid-base status in awake rats.

Arterial blood gases and acid-base balance were measured in adult rats using a cannula implanted in the aortic arch. These measurements were performed both in awake, unrestrained animals and in animals submitted to various circumstances i.e. (a) different diet: high and low sodium chloride intake, (b) anesthesia by pentobarbital or inactine and, (c) repeated blood sampling with concomitant replacement with the same volume of blood. For each group investigated the [HCO3 -]a vs. PaCO2, [H+] vs. PaCO2, PaCO2 vs. PaO2 relationships were determined. The values obtained (m +/- SD) from awake, unrestrained adult rats were respectively 7.47 +/- 0.02 for arterial pH, 34.5 +/- 3.0 Torr for PaCO2 and 90 +/- 5.5 Torr for PaO2; the calculated [HCO3 -]a concentration was 25.5 +/- 1.5 mmol . 1-1. The present results indicate that plasma bicarbonate concentration, within normal range, highly depends on the prevailing resting level of PaCO2 (n = 202; r = 0.82; P less than 10(-3)). In addition, the PaCO2 versus PaO2 relationship was highly statistically significant (n = 202; r = -0.43; P less than 10(-3). In the other experimental groups of rats, these relationships were virtually the same as above although mean values (+/- SD) for PaCO2, PaO2, pHa and [HCO3 -]a might vary with the group investigated. The mean value for whole pHi, obtained by the DMO method, reached 6.81 for pHa = 7.47 and was not correlated to PaCO2 level in normal conditions. The present data argue for the existence of a respiratory component mediating individual acid-base variations in a normal population of rats. Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure, by determining bicarbonate ions reabsorption rate, would ensure pH regulation under normal circumstances.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1982

Circulating immune complexes and severe sepsis: duration of infection as the main determinant.

The relation between the duration of bacterial infection and circulating immune complexes (CIC) level was evaluated using the C1q binding assay in a group of patients with well defined clinical sepsis. Fifty-four patients with endocarditis and 35 with post-open heart surgery mediastinitis were prospectively studied over a period of 2 years. CIC were detected in 42% of patients studied. Interindividual variations were observed but it was found that the level of CIC increased statistically with time (P less than 0.001). CIC were statistically linked with cryoglobulinemia (P less than 0.001), rheumatoid factor (P less than 0.001) and a decreased CH50 (P less than 0.05). CIC were more frequent in patients with endocarditis (53%) than in patients with mediastinitis (24%). However, when the duration of the infection was taken into account the difference was no longer significant. No relation could be evidenced between the incidence of CIC and clinical symptoms including prognosis and renal signs. In our experience, determination of CIC does not have a critical clinical value.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Significance of intra- and extrahepatic portasystemic shunting in survival of cirrhotic patients.

Survival and incidence of hemorrhage and encephalopathy were studied in 121 medically managed cirrhotic patients according to the type of naturally occurring portasystemic shunting. Three types of shunting were distinguishable using scintillation splenoportography, a method whereby morphological and hemodynamic data on portal and hepatic circulation were obtained by external detection. The three patterns were: (1) extrahepatic shunting with partial splenic blood flow diversion, (2) spontaneous total splenic blood flow diversion, and (3) intrahepatic shunting corresponding to portohepatic communications with a diameter larger than 10 mum. The probability of 4-year survival was much lower in case of portasystemic shunting (18%) than in its absence (73%, P less than 0.01). Patients with intrahepatic shunting had a survival rate not significantly different from that of patients with extrahepatic shunting. However, they had the highest incidence of hemorrhage (71%), and hemorrhage was not due to rupture of esophageal varices. The highest incidence of encephalopathy was seen in patients with total splenic blood diversion (40%), but it was not significantly different from that of other cirrhotic patients. No group of patients can be significantly identified as a high-risk group.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Respiratory frequencies of sleeping infants during the first months of life: correlations between values in different sleep states.

This study was carried out on 57 normal infants: 22 full-term newborns, examined in the hospital laboratory, and 35 2-18-wk-old infants, examined in two resident nurseries. Polygraphic records, including 1-3 complete sleep cycles, were performed during the morning. The tracings were analyzed by 20-sec epochs. Three to 10% of active sleep states (AS) and 0.8-4% of quiet sleep states (QS) included greater than or equal to 3 sec respiratory pauses. There were minimal, non-significant differences between respiratory frequencies (RF) in total and in no-pause tracings. Our results confirmed that RF was higher in AS in all ages, when compared with QS (P less than 0.02). During the transition (TS) from one to another well-defined sleep state, the respiratory rate showed an intermediate level (AS greater than TS greater than QS): the transition from AS to QS showed progressive slowing of RF, while the transition from QS to AS occurred abruptly, with sudden acceleration of RF. There was a significant slowing of RF during the couse of QS, while the RF in AS was more variable without significant differences between the beginning, the middle and the end of AS state. In this material RF was higher in 2-5-wk and 6-10-wk age groups, compared to newborns and to 11-18-wk-old infants. At all ages, there was a high degree of correlation (P less than 0.01) between RF found in different sleep states for given individuals: some infants breathed more rapidly and other more slowly in all sleep states. A review of the literature showed that the differences between normal RF.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Cardiac output measurement with a simplified thermodilution technique. Comparison with the Fick method.

A simplified thermodilution technique for cardiac output measurement is compared with the Fick method in dogs, over a wide range of cardiac output values. The reproducibility of the method is satisfactory (differences less than 10 per cent for 95 per cent of the measurements). The overall correlation factor (r = 0.97) is highly significant for cardiac outputs ranging from 750 to 7,500 ml.mn(-1). The influence of hematocrit (when lower than 30%) and of the injection site of indicator are discussed. Present experiments confirm that the use of pre-set factors allow for the thermal loss inside the catheter does not obviate the accuracy of thermodilution method for cardiac output measurements. The slope of the regression line is very close to 1. Lack of fit to linearity is tested and is found not significant throughout the explored range. This technique should therefore have extensive clinical applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Assessment of Scholander micromethod for gas concentrations versus weighing method.

Three gaseous mixtures in N2, of varying concentrations of CO2 (3.60, 5.79, and 9.36%) and O2 (22.18, 15.12, and 6.82%), respectively, were prepared by precise weighings, which may serve as absolute measures. These mixtures were analyzed with two apparatuses by the Scholander micromethod. Taking into account the influence of several factors (apparatuses, order of analyses, etc, it appears that differences between apparatuses were not significant in five of six cases and the effect of order was significant in O2 (P less than 0.01) but not in CO2 for the set of measurements. When compared with weighings, measurements differed only in one apparatus (P less than 0.02) in two of six cases and by no more than 0.02%. The relation between weighings and measurements was highly significant (P less than 10(-9) and no lack of fit to linearity occurs. Side effects of the factors considered and interactions between them are discussed. In conclusion, the micromethod of Scholander gives accurate results, in very good agreement with the reference values provided that certain technical precautions are observed.

Carbon Dioxide↗