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Biomedical subjects

C G Warren

Publications and source records attributed to C G Warren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Craig-Scott orthosis: a biochemical and functional evaluation.

The Craig-Scott double upright knee ankle orthosis was subjected to a biomechanical evaluation which included analysis of the force interaction with the supported limb and a functional evaluation. The results were compared with data previously determined from biomechanical evaluations of other common orthoses. In the Craig-Scott design, the single application of the knee stabilizing force below the knee concentrates this force in a relatively small bony area, sometimes exceeding tolerance. This might be avoided by using a tibial closure with patellar tendon bearing features. The design was found to produce relatively low anatomic knee shear. In functional aspects such as donning, doffing, transfers and ambulation, the orthosis is essentially equivalent to other double upright designs. The rigidity of the orthosis with only a tibial band closure and a bail connecting the uprights was determined to be adequate. The limited number of bands and closures provides some advantages in reduced donning and doffing time; however, in the absence of posterior closures below the knee, the orthosis had a tendency to slide forward off the leg when transferring. This disadvantage was eliminated by adding a soft posterior closure below the knee, which produced a minimal increase in donning and doffing times.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Temperature distribution produced in models by three microwave applicators at 433.92 megahertz.

Temperature distributions produced in phantom models by diathermy applicators operating at a frequency of 433.92 MHz, a frequency not approved for diathermy by Federal Communication Commission regulations, and an experimental cooled contact applicator operating at an assigned frequency of 915 MHz were compared. The specially designed direct contact applicator with surface cooling elevated deep muscle temperatures as effectively as the "Rundfeldstrahler" operating at the lower frequency in spite of the better penetration of the energy at the lower frequency. The "Pyrodor" and the "Langfeldstrahler," the largest of the applicators operating at 433.92 MHz, do not appear to offer any advantage over existing diathermy equipment. The highest temperatures produced with these applicators were at the fat-muscle-interface.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Training procedures and biofeedback methods to achieve controlled partial weight bearing: an assessment.

Limiting weight bearing to a prescribed level is clinically desirable when patients use crutches or canes or wear prostheses. Several training methods currently being used in clinical settings were tested. These included the use of bathroom scales, and several more sophisticated feedback systems, to train normal subjects to limit weight bearing on a protected limb to a target load. It was found that such training was of limited value since subjects, during training and after, often exceeded target loads by 50% or more. Any retained learning was found to diminish rapidly on the first and second days after training. Even when using continuous auditory feedback, overshoot of the target load seemed inevitable due to the time lag between auditory perception and motor response, and the rapid rate of loading of the extremity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Stroke: Does rehabilitation affect outcome?

A sample of 114 consecutive stroke admissions to a rehabilitation center was studied statistically to determine functional gains achieved and retained after rehabilitation. In order to provide a measure of function, a functional profile was developed that evaluates seven activities, each according to a five-point scale. It was found that significant gains were achieved which could not be attributed merely to spontaneous recovery. An estimate of the cost benefit ratio showed that the reduced cost resulting from returning patients to the family or to independent living more than paid for the cost of providing rehabilitation services to the whole sample.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1975

Stroke rehabilitation: Outcome and prediction.

Predictors of functional outcome were developed in a group of 114 stroke patients consecutively admitted to a tertiary rehabilitation center. These predictors included a pool of medical data, the age of the patient, psychological tests and the patient's educational level. None of these predictor items showed a correlation with outcome high enough to allow precise prediction of individual outcome. They did, however, provide general indicators for those patients with severe functional impairment who are more likely to gain from a rehabilitation program. The group of medical predictors indicated that a patient with a more extensive, severe lesion, with signs of congestive heart failure, generalized arteriosclerosis, gross perceptual deficit, a lower level of education, and who is older, is less likely to improve in the rehabilitation program. Since a prediction on an individual basis was not possible, it was concluded that even the most severely involved patient should be provided with a therapeutic rehabilitation trial. There was no correlation between severity of the functional impairment at admission and the gains obtained in the rehabilitation program. The same predictors were used to predict whether the patient went home or to an institution. It was found that family income and involvement in support of the patient predicted this outcome, whereas medical data did not. Since family involvement can sometimes be changed by a therapeutic team, this predictor may also present a major target for therapeutic intervention.

Age Factors↗