Biomedical subjects
C G Jacoby
Publications and source records attributed to C G Jacoby.
The overshoot artifact as an aid in differentiating low densities on the computed tomographic scan.
This brief report describes an artifact that is seen as a thin, white rim outlining an air collection on the EMI 80 X 80 and 160 X 160 matrix CT scanners. This artifact is not associated with fat density and, therefore, its recognition allows presumptive differentiation between air and fat densities. The attenuation numbers of the lesion should then be obtained for confirmation.
Evaluation of the pituitary. Patients with suspected prolactin-producing tumors.
We have reviewed our experience in the radiographic and ophthalmologic evaluation of 1001 patients with symptoms suggesting the presence of a pituitary, prolactin-secreting adenoma. Twenty-seven patients had abnormal or suspicious radiographic examination of the sella turcica. Twenty-two of those had hyperprolactinemia. In only one instance was an abnormality noted on polytomography that was not seen on a conventional four-view study of the skull. Based on these findings, a four-view plain conventional radiographic assessment of the skull suffices as a screening procedure in patients with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, or both. Thin section tomography should be reserved to more thoroughly evaluate those patients with elevated serum prolactin concentrations and/or abnormal conventional radiographs. We found visual field testing to be of little value as an initial screening procedure in these patients.
Computed tomography in cerebral hemiatrophy.
The clinical and radiographic findings in four cases of cerebral hemiatrophy are presented. CT findings reflect the underlying gross pathologic changes and are in agreement with those seen on plain skull radiography and pneumoencephalography. The most impressive finding was unilateral loss of cerebral volume with ipsilateral displacement of the midline structures. The differential diagnosis primarily includes Sturge-Weber syndrome and linear sebaceous nevus syndrome. The recognition of compensatory calvarial changes should indicate that the cerebral abnormalities are the result of an atrophic or hypoplastic process that began in early life.
Lobar consolidation in pulmonary embolism.
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High frequency coagulation by means of a stylet electrode under temperature control.
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Accelerated myelination in early Sturge-Weber syndrome demonstrated by MR imaging.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in two infants with Sturge-Weber syndrome has demonstrated a pattern of accelerated myelination in the abnormal cerebral hemisphere. The extent of myelination was most apparent on the T1-weighted inversion recovery sequence while the T2-weighted images demonstrated concomitant changes in hydration of the brain. We propose an explanation for this finding based on cerebral ischemia underlying the leptomeningeal angioma.
Trigeminal nerve lipoma: MR findings.
Trigeminal nerve lipomas are rare tumors that typically cause progressive focal neurologic symptoms due to their intimate involvement with nerve fascicles and adjacent neural structures. We describe the CT and magnetic resonance (MR) findings of this unusual tumor. The changes in signal intensity on T1 and T2 weighted MR scans provide precise anatomic location and tissue characterization prior to surgical intervention.
Asymmetry of the internal auditory canals without acoustic neuroma.
During the past five years, nine patients with "significant" unilateral enlargement of one internal auditory canal by polytomography were subsequently found to have freely filling canals on contrast posterior fossa myelography. The radiographic appearance of the enlarged canals varied greatly and included all the various configurations usually suggestive of acoustic neuroma. Likewise, the clinical presentation varied greatly from asymptomatic to highly suggesting of cerebellopontine angle tumor. This series underscores the essential nature of posterior fossa studies in the evaluation of potential acoustic neuromas and the variability of the normal architecture of the internal auditory meatus.
MR of fourth-ventricular epidermoid tumors.
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Dichotomy between clinical findings and MR abnormalities in pontine infarction.
Comparison between cranial CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 10 patients with recent pontine infarction indicates a distinct superiority for MR. However, MR changes often failed to correlate with the degree of neurological dysfunction. Regions of abnormal signal intensity appeared to involve areas with normal neurologic function.