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Biomedical subjects

C G Clark

Publications and source records attributed to C G Clark.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Anaemia after partial gastrectomy: a neglected curable condition.

Anaemia is a well recognised complication of partial gastrectomy, the incidence increasing with the postoperative interval. Many surveys show a similar incidence of untreated anaemia, which implies that the need for regular follow-up is recognised but not put into practice. Much information is available on the aetiology of postgastrectomy anaemia, and a single course of therapy is known to be effective. Since the difficulty semms to lie in early detection, prophylaxis may be a solution. Our study of a group of patients treated by gastrectomy attending a follow-up clinic during the past ten years has provided information on the frequency of anaemia and the outcome of different treatments.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1980

The place of isolated rectal excision in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Four patients with ulcerative proctocolitis apparently confined to the rectum had incapacitating diarrhoea which was treated by rectosigmoid resection and a left iliac colostomy. In 3 patients disease recurred within a year, but responded well to conservation management. One of the patients required colectomy and ileostomy 5 years after the initial operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Possible dietary protective factors in relation to the distribution of duodenal ulcer in India and Bangladesh.

In India there are regions of high incidence and regions of low incidence of duodenal ulcer. Rats prefed for two weeks on diets from low incidence areas developed significantly fewer rumenal ulcers after pyloric ligation than rats fed on diets from high incidence areas. The protective action was found in various individual items of food taken from the diets of low incidence areas. Unrefined wheat and rice, certain pulses (black gram, green gram, horse gram), some millets (sava, kutki, ragi), soya bean, ladies' fingers, cabbage, spinach, and whole cream milk were protective. Refined wheat, polished rice, maize, cornflour, sorghum vulgare, sugar, bananas, amaranthus, brinjal, peanut oil, some pulses (Bengal gram, turdhal), and skimmed milk were non-protective. The protective factor seems to be either a lipid or a liposoluble substance which is active whether given orally or parenterally. Horse gram (Dolichos biflorus) is a particularly potent source.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of aspirin on gastric acid secretion in the rat.

The effects of aspirin on gastric acid and sodium have been studied in a perfused rat stomach preparation. In the pentagastrin-stimulated stomach, as intraluminal aspirin concentration increased, there was a significant fall in acid output together with a significant decrease in the loss of sodium from the gastric lumen. It was concluded that these observations were due to a back-diffusion effect resulting from disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier rather than parietal cell inhibition

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Survey of management in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

The answers to a questionnaire concerning attitudes of members of the British Society of Gastroenterology to the management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding are analysed. In the majority of cases patients were admitted to general wards under the care of physicians. Use of intensive therapy units and venous pressure monitoring varied widely. Emergency endoscopy appeared readily available and was usually the first diagnostic procedure. Double contrast radiology and emergency angiography were available in relatively few centres. Specific nonoperative treatments (angiographic and endoscopic) were scarcely employed. Most respondents agreed that elderly patients fared badly, but there was little agreement concerning other factors which influence re-bleeding or outcome. There was a wide divergence of opinion concerning the need for surgical intervention in certain hypothetical clinical situations. Despite the difficulties involved, we believe that controlled trials are necessary to improve the management of bleeding patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Dietary cholesterol is co-carcinogenic for human colon cancer.

Colorectal carcinoma is becoming the most common form of visceral cancer in Western populations. A fat-related dietary factor is implicated in its pathogenesis, and evidence in man suggests that this factor may be cholesterol. Dietary cholesterol is co-carcinogenic in animals with colon cancer, and there is indirect evidence for a similar role in man. It is proposed that prolonged exposure to dietary cholesterol is co-carcinogenic for human colon cancer in that it facilitates the development, growth, and spread of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

H2-antagonists in the treatment of recurrent ulceration after vagotomy.

Twenty-two patients with recurrent ulceration following vagotomy with and without a drainage procedure have been treated with histamine H2-antagonists and followed for up to 3 years. Four of a group of 6 patients responded to a single therapeutic course. Ten of 16 patients assigned to long term maintenance treatment remain symptom-free. Cimetidine may be an alternative to further surgery in the treatment of some patients with recurrent ulceration after vagotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of bile acids on mucus secretion in the dog colon.

The effects of unconjugated bile acids on colonic mucus production have been studied in the dog. Isolated segments of both ascending and descending colon were simultaneously perfused with either chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic or cholic acid and the mucus production estimated from the total hexose output. Each bile acid produced a significant increase in mucus output in both the right and left colonic segments. There were no differences between the right and left colon in terms of mucus output for any of the bile acids studied. Deoxycholic had a greater effect than chenodeoxycholic which had a greater effect than cholic acid in colonic mucus production. Further, these effects on mucus secretion were completely reversible. In diarrhoea associated with disease or resection of the ileum, the effect of bile acids on mucus secretion may be as important as their effects on the inhibition of water and electrolyte absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Failure of bran to protect against experimental colon cancer in rats.

The ability of dietary fibre to prevent colon cancer was tested in rats injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (D.M.H.), a substance which induces cancer of the colon. 60 rats were fed the same formula solid diet but allocated three different amounts of dietary fibre--20 were given 4.8% w/w crude fibre, 20 were given 20% w/w bran, and 20 received no fibre. Half of the animals in each fibre group received a course of subcutaneous D.M.H. and half were given subcutaneous saline. After a year's observation, there was no significant difference in the incidence of, or mortality from, colonic carcinoma between the D.M.H.-treated groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗