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Biomedical subjects

C Fretz

Publications and source records attributed to C Fretz.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Magnetic resonance in oncology].

The physical and biological background to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with neoplasms is reviewed. The clinical indications for this method of diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of malignant neoplasms are discussed on the basis of the guidelines given by the MRI Consensus Conference on April 25-26, 1989, in Berne. MRI is the modality of choice in patients with neoplasms of the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system. Further emerging indications for MRI are neoplasma of the ENT region, liver, and pelvic organs. Finally, the foreseeable developments in MRI and in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are mentioned.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

High-altitude pulmonary edema: findings at high-altitude chest radiography and physical examination.

Twenty-five male volunteers underwent chest radiography at 550 m above sea level (baseline) and at 4,559 m at 6, 18, and 42 hours after arrival. Nine had a history of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Starting by 6 hours and independent of the consecutive presence of HAPE, the diameters of the central pulmonary arteries increased by 10%-30% at 4,559 m. At 18 hours and, increasingly, at 42 hours, radiographic evidence of HAPE developed in eight subjects: six with previously documented HAPE and two without. Radiographic signs of HAPE were most severe peripherally, and morphologic characteristics were compatible with permeability and/or overperfusion edema and normal pulmonary venous pressure. Extensive radiographic findings were accompanied by discrete pulmonary rales, and chest radiography proved valuable in detecting HAPE in subjects with normal findings of lung auscultation. This study demonstrates a significant individual susceptibility of lowland residents with a history of HAPE to develop HAPE, resulting in a recurrence rate of 66%.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The computer tomographic diagnosis of echinococcosis (author's transl)].

The computer tomographic appearances and differential diagnosis in 22 patients with echinococcosis are described; of these, twelve were of the cystic and ten of the alveolar type. The computer tomographic appearances are characterised by the presence of daughter cysts (66%) within the sharply demarkated parasitic cyst of water density. In the absence of daughter cysts, a definite aetiological diagnosis cannot be made, although there is a tendency to calcification of the occasionally multiple echinococcus cysts. The computer tomographic appearances of advanced alveolar echinococcosis are characterised by partial collequative necrosis, with calcification around the necrotic areas (90%). The absence of CT evidence of partial necrosis and calcification of the pseudotumour makes it difficult to establish a specific diagnosis. The conclusive and non-invasive character of the procedure and its reproducability makes computer tomography the method of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of echinococcosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transfusion-associated or nosocomial hepatitis G virus infection in patients undergoing surgery.

BACKGROUND: Despite blood donor screening, there are still cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis. From 1988 to 1992, a prospective study was conducted on the incidence of non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH). STUDY DESIGN: The present investigation was designed to determine if transfusion recipients with PTH who are negative for hepatitis C virus (HCV) were positive for hepatitis G virus (HGV). Patients admitted for surgery who had normal liver tests and no transfusions during the previous 6 months were enrolled. Alanine amino transferase levels were determined monthly for 6 months after surgery and for 1 year in the case of PTH (defined as alanine aminotranferase twice the upper limit of normal in two consecutive assays). HGV RNA and E2 antibodies were tested for in samples from transfusion recipients with or without PTH and from nontransfused patients. RESULTS: Of the 308 blood recipients who were enrolled in the study, 21 (6.8%) had PTH. HGV RNA was detected at the onset of hepatitis in 3 patients with PTH (14%), 2 of whom were also anti-HCV and HCV RNA positive. One patient developed E2 antibodies without detectable HGV RNA. Three (10.7%) of 28 recipients of an allogeneic transfusion without PTH developed HGV infection. HGV RNA was also found in two nontransfused patients, which suggests nosocomial transmission of HGV. CONCLUSION: Some cases of PTH are associated with HGV; most cases of postoperative HGV infection are not associated with liver abnormalities; and most PTH cases are not associated with known hepatotropic viruses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening blood donations for hepatitis C in Central Africa: analysis of a risk- and cost-based decision tree.

Four screening strategies (no testing, HC Abbott, HC Pasteur, and a combined test) for the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody in donated blood were considered in a formal decision tree. Decision criteria included residual risk of infection and overall monetary cost. Tree parameters were determined using data from the Central African Republic. The prevalences observed among blood donors for HIV infection, hepatitis B, syphilis, and hepatitis C varied between 6% and 15%. The current residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections is very high (8.4%). Screening for HCV would bring that risk down to about 3% with either the HC Pasteur, the HC Abbott, or the combined test. Even though baseline analysis gives preference to the HC Abbott test (the combined test coming out last), Monte Carlo sensitivity and uncertainty analyses showed that Abbott's and Pasteur's tests are interchangeable, on the basis or either risk or cost considerations.

Blood Donors↗