Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Franklin

Publications and source records attributed to C Franklin.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The effect of repeated administration of diftalone on enzyme induction.

Plasma concentrations of diftalone have been examined in normal volunteers after a single dose (500 mg) and after 500 mg doses given twice daily for one week. An increase in post dosing urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid showed a correlation with the ratio of calculated to observed areas under the plasma concentration, time curve following the final dose in the multiple dosing studies, indicating that hepatic microsomal enzymes are induced after repeated administration of the drug. Single dose studies in the presence of aluminium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate showed that the antacids had no significant effect on the absorption of diftalone.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

One hundred and nineteen patients with gastrointestinal fistulas.

One hundred and nineteen patients with gastrointestinal fistulas were treated in the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, in the period from January 1960 to January 1970. None of these patients was hyperalimented. The mortality in this seris amounted to 15%; 78.2% of the patients had their fistulas closed. These results are correlated with primary disease, etiology, fistula output, fistula location, type of treatment, malnutrition, electrolyte disturbances and sepsis. In the discussion it is concluded that treatment based on sound surgical principles acquired in the past decades, with the support of modern techniques of intensive patient care, should considerably diminish mortality and improve closure rate.

Biliary Fistula↗
PubMed1976

Phenobarbitone-induced urinary excretions of D-glucaric acid and 6beta-hydroxycortisol in man.

The urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid and 6beta-hydroxycortisol were determined in normal subjects before, during, and after 14 days treatment with placebo or phenobarbitone. The excretion of both metabolites was significantly potentiated by phenobarbitone and returned to baseline values 1 month after treatment was withdrawn. It was suggested that the determination of urinary D-glucaric acid reflects the activity of the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system after the administration of an inducing agent such as phenobarbitone.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of phenobarbitone on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and urinary D-glucaric acid excretion in man.

1 The activities of some hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes representative of the four major pathways for the biotransformation of drugs were estimated in diagnostic wedge biopsy specimens obtained from 22 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Twelve patients (nine males and three females) were not on prolonged pre-operative treatment with any known inducing drugs. In this group, hexobarbitone oxidase activity, cytochrome P450 and microsomal protein contents were in the same range as those reported by other workers. 2 Ten patients (five males and five females) were pre-operatively treated with phenobarbitone (90 mg daily) for at least seven days. This resulted in a significant increase of hexobarbitone oxidase activity, cytochrome P450 and microsomal protein contents when the phenobarbitone untreated and treated groups were compared as a whole and provides direct evidence of induction of hepatic mixed function oxidase system. In respect of p-nitroreductase, 1-leucyl-beta-naphthylamide splitting enzyme and UDP glucuronyl transferase, there was no difference between the treated and untreated groups. 3 When untreated and treated patients were compared, the induction of the hepatic mixed function oxidase system, was associated with a significant increase in urinary D-glucaric acid excretion. In treated patients, however, there was no correlation between any of the indices studied and post-phenobarbitone D-glucaric acid content or the rise in D-glucaric acid excretion. However, the correlation between cytochrome P450 content and post-phenobarbitone D-glucaric acid or the rise in D-glucaric acid excretion was only just below statistical significance (r = 0.696 and 0.690 respectively, 0.10 greater than P greater than 0.05) whereas in the untreated group there was no correlation (r = 0.231, P greater than 0.60). 4 In two patients, whose phenobarbitone was discontinued for at least six days prior to surgery, all indices studied had returned to untreated values, except for microsomal protein content which remained significantly elevated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Renal glutaminase in postnatal and adult rats.

Properties of renal phosphate-dependent glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2), assayed in tissue homogenates, were compared in adult, 2-week-old, and newborn rats. Vmax, Km glutamine, pH optimum, inhibition by glutamate, activation by phosphate, intracellular distribution, and the possible presence of activators or inhibitors were examined. Although Vmax increased threefold during postnatal development, no major differences in the properties of the enzyme at the three stages of development were noted. It was concluded that the enzyme protein remains the same throughout development, both in biochemical properties and intracellular location, but that more of it is accumulated or is converted to an active state as the kidney matures.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dictation in the presence of the patient.

We investigated the impact on patients' satisfaction and understanding of their condition and treatment recommendations when the care provider dictated the medical record in their presence. Providers' satisfaction and perceptions were also ascertained. Sixty patients were randomly placed into a treatment group where the provider dictated the medical record in their presence, and 60 patients were placed in a standard visit control group. Volunteer providers included residents, a faculty physician, and a physician assistant. A survey instrument completed with an interviewer measured patients' satisfaction with the provider, their care, the dictation technique, and their understanding of their diagnosis and treatment recommendations. The provider completed a similar questionnaire. Patients in both the dictation and control group were equally satisfied with their care, felt they understood what the provider told them about their medical conditions, and felt they understood their provider's recommendations. Within the dictation group, 44 (73%) liked the process, 24 (40%) believed they were helped to understand their condition, 22 (37%) believed they were helped in understanding recommendations, and 23 (38%) reported improved satisfaction with a visit that included dictation in their presence. In the dictation group, men felt more positive than women about dictation in their presence, including increased understanding of their condition and satisfaction with the visit. Patients aged 56 years and older were also more positive about dictation in their presence, including improvement in their understanding of the provider's recommendations. Providers were equally satisfied with encounters using either method.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclosporine blood concentrations determined by specific versus nonspecific assay methods.

Cyclosporine blood concentrations were simultaneously determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at multiple points in time in two patients receiving cyclosporine for immunosuppression following liver transplantation. Radioimmunoassay levels always exceed those determined by HPLC; however, the divergence between the two methods increased as serum bilirubin concentration increased, with HPLC:RIA ratios generally less than 0.3 when serum bilirubin concentrations exceeded 10.0 mg/dL. These preliminary results suggest that retention of immunoactive cyclosporine metabolites due to imparied liver function may account for RIA-determined cyclosporine concentrations that greatly exceed those measured by HPLC.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism and tissue distribution of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in the rat.

The absorption, distribution and metabolic excretion of mono-2-ethylhexyl [7-14C]phthalate (MEHP) were studied in the rat. This compound was readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Radioactivity following intravenous administration of 14C-MEHP was rapidly distributed in all tissues, with the highest levels occurring in the liver, kidney, and urinary bladder. Excretion of radioactivity was rapid and approximately 80% of the dose was eliminated 24 hr after oral administration, 72% in the urine and 8% in feces. MEHP was extensively metabolized after oral administration, and the major urinary metabolites were identified as an alcohol, a ketone, and an acid resulting from the side-chain oxidation of MEHP. A trace of o-phthalic acid was also identified.

Animals↗