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Biomedical subjects

C Franceschi

Publications and source records attributed to C Franceschi.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Frequency and prognostic value of HLA antigens in osteosarcoma patients.

A homogeneous group of 53 Caucasian subjects with high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) was typed for HLA-A and B locus antigens. Although no significant differences in the distribution of these antigens were found in comparison with 425 local controls, a trend towards an increase of HLA-B18 and decrease of HLA-B12 was observed. All the patients underwent amputation plus adjuvant chemotherapy and among the 29 patients with a follow-up longer than one year, 9 out of 10 subjects with HLA-A3 antigens developed metastases within a few months. None of the OS patients had the HLA-A3, B7 haplotype which is present in linkage-disequilibrium in the control population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Venous graft versus carotid thromboendarterectomy (T.E.) (author's transl)].

497 cases of carotid stenosis were operated upon with 2 operative series: one with a venous graft technique and the other by thromboendarterectomy (T.E.). 228 grafts were thus compared with 192 T.E. during the initial postoperative period and 2 and a 1/2 years follow up. The prevalence of immediate postoperative complications was lower in the venous graft group than in the T.E. group but the distribution of patients in terms of neurological symptomatology was not strictly identical. By contrast, comparison of the asymptomatic patients in the two groups showed no morbidity nor mortality. It is thus not possible to state that vein graft is superior to T.E. in the prevention in particular of early embolic complications with the thromboendarterectomized zone as the point of departure and the follow up period is too short to assess the superiority of one or other method in the long term. During the 2 and a 1/2 year follow up period of the present study no pathology related to the vein graft has been seen, confirming the trial already reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The treatment of osteosarcoma of the extremities: twenty year's experience at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli.

Twenty year's (1959-1979) experience in the treatment of osteosarcoma at the Bone Tumor Center of the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli is presented. During this period 433 cases were recorded, but only 266 were considered. All the patients underwent surgery but after 1970 whole-lung irradiation (1971), immunotherapy (1971), and chemotherapy (1972 onward) were added as adjuvant therapies on a nonrandomized basis. In the group treated with surgery alone the prognosis was very poor: 10% survived nine years or more after the diagnosis, an average disease-free interval of 7.7 months and an average survival time of 13 months. Monolateral whole-lung irradiation had negative results and was abandoned after six cases. Adjuvant immunotherapy with irradiated autologous tumor cells gave moderately positive results in 16 patients, but only by delaying the appearance of first metastases, therefore increasing the time of survival. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed with three different protocols: one protocol with ADM only and two protocols using VCR + MTX (at medium dose) + ADM, administered according to two different schedules. Superimposable results were obtained with these three regimens. With equal follow-up, the percentage of continuously disease-free patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients treated with surgery alone (P less than 0.001). The patients in the chemotherapy group who had relapses showed a prolonged time (mean = 12.3 months) to the onset of the first metastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy caused virtually no morbidity and no deaths. Reference is made to the advantages of a large and homogeneous caseload deriving from a single institution to avoid preselection bias and evaluate the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches when patient randomization has not been employed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Serum immunoglobulins and lymphocyte subpopulations derangement in Turner's syndrome.

Abnormalities of the proportions of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and of immunoglobulin serum levels were found in twenty patients affected by Turner's syndrome. A slight but significantly decreased percentage of circulating T and B cells, and increased percentage of null cells and a decreased in vitro responsiveness of lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen were found in Turner's syndrome patients. IgG serum level was found significantly decreased in comparison with age-matched fifty-seven normal males and fifty-seven normal females and IgM serum level was intermediate between female and male values; Turner's syndrome patients with monosomy had an IgM serum concentration very close to male values. The derangement of T and B lymphocyte subpopulations, probably related to the aneuploidy, does not seem to be a severe one but it could account for the immunoglobulin abnormalities and for the association of Turner's syndrome with immunological disorders such as autoimmune diseases. The role of X chromosome on IgM serum level is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Deficiency of autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions and serum thymic factor level in Down's syndrome.

The immune competence of the T lymphocyte system was studied in 28 noninstitutionalized subjects with Down's syndrome (DS) and were compared with sex- and age-matched healthy controls. The ability of enriched T lymphocytes to respond to 3 different T cell stimulants revealed a selective impairment of T lymphocyte subset(s). Subjects with DS showed normal responsiveness in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions, but their response to phytohemagglutinin and in autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions was severely impaired. Non-T cells from DS subjects stimulated equally well both normal and DS allogeneic T lymphocytes. The blood concentration of serum thymic factor in the majority of DS subjects was much lower than that found in age-matched healthy controls. These data support the hypothesis that a deficiency of the T-dependent regulatory system is an intrinsic feature of DS and confirm the precocious aging of the immune system in these subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Doppler investigations of collaterals of the cervico-cerebral arteries (author's transl)].

The present study concerns the technique and typical findings in velocimetric investigation of potential or developed collaterals of the cervico-cerebral arteries. This haemodynamic analysis has been compared with hundreds of arteriographies over five years' routine use of cervico-cerebral Doppler investigation. This demonstrates its value, not only in terms of its reliability and diagnostic abilities, as well as the prognostic data which it provides to both the neurologist and the surgeon.

Carotid Artery, External↗
PubMed1980

Mitogenic and haemagglutinating properties of a lectinpurified from Hura crepitans seeds.

A lectin from the seeds of Hura crepitans has been purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography on acid-treated Sepharose CL-6B, followed by elution with D-galactose. The lectin is a glucosamine-containing glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 120 00, as determined by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and consists of identical subunits with molecular weights of 30 000. The amino acid composition and total neutral sugar content are given. The Hura lectin agglutinates directly erythrocytes from several species, without specificity for human blood groups. In all cases, with the exception of pig erythrocytes, agglutination was enhanced by neuraminidase. Agglutination was inhibited, in decreasing order of potency, by N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, by D-galactose and galactose-containing oligosaccharides. The lectin has mitogenic activity for purified human T lymphocytes but not for B lymphocytes, and the activity is still evident at a concentration as low as 10 ng/ml. The specific mitogenic activity increases throughout the purification process.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1980

Properties of a glycopeptide isolated from human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Interaction with leucoagglutinin and anti-(human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) antibodies.

A sialylated glycopeptide isolated after Pronase digestion of human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein behaves as a powerful monovalent hapten in the precipitin reaction between human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and leucoagglutinin, but fails to inhibit the interaction of the glycoprotein with rabbit anti-(human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein) antibodies. The glycopeptide is much less active than the intact glycoprotein as an inhibitor of lymphocyte transformation induced by leucoagglutinin.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1980

Toxicity of Momordica charantia lectin and inhibitor for human normal and leukaemic lymphocytes.

A haemagglutinin (lectin) and another protein (inhibitor) purified from the seeds of Momordica charantia inhibited protein and subsequently DNA synthesis in normal (mitogen-stimulated) and leukaemic human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The effect of the lectin was more rapid and more pronounced than that of the inhibitor, probably due to a better penetration of the lectin into cells. Both proteins acted on lymphocytes more markedly and at concentrations much lower than those required to inhibit protein synthesis in Yoshida ascites cells.

DNA↗
PubMed1979

[Clinico-immunological study of 6 cases of Behçet's disease].

6 cases of Behçet's disease are reported. Diagnosis was particularly arduous because the typical triad of symptoms (oral aphthae, genital ulcers, uveitis) was masked by secondary disturbances in other organs and systems. Immunology confirmed the presence in these patients of changes in various in vivo and in vitro tests and particularly interesting was the aspecific cutaneous hypersensitivity seen in 5 cases and enhanced lymphocyte blastic transformation. This was seen spontaneously and following PHA. On the basis of the outcome of the studies carried out and the literature data, the possibility that Behçet's disease may contain immunological changes and changes in the mechanisms that regulate quinine, complement and clotting activation is suggested. Therapeutically, confirmation was obtained of the effectiveness, at least temporarily, of corticosteroid treatment and antilymphocyte globulin was experimented for the first time in these patients. This might be used to replace the immune depressant antiblastic substances already successfully employed in patients with Behçet's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Specific interaction of human Tamm-Horsfall gylcoprotein with leucoagglutinin, a lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean).

Human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein inhibits lymphocyte transformation induced by leucoagglutinin and haemagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (red kidney bean). The glycoprotein interacts with the two lectins, giving insoluble precipitates. The interaction with leucoagglutinin is highly specific, and the shape of the precipitin curve is that of an antigen-antibody reaction; precipitation is specifically inhibited by N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Results are discussed, and it is suggested that inhibition of lymphocyte transformation is due to competition between human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and carbohydrate receptors on lymphocytes for the two lectins. The interaction between human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and Phaseolus vulgaris lectins has been used to develop a one-step procedure for the separation of the two lectins by affinity chromatography on (human Tamm-Horsfall-glycoprotein)-Sepharose.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1979

Haemagglutinating activity of modeccin.

Modeccin, the toxin of Adenia digitata, agglutinates erythrocytes from several mammalian species. The haemagglutinating activity is enhanced by neuraminidase and is inhibited by galactose and by galactose-containing sugars.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Purification and partial characterization of a mitogenic lectin from Vicia sativa.

From the seeds of Vicia sativa a lectin has been purified by affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-100, followed by specific elution with D-glucose. The lectin is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 70 000. The aminoacid composition and the total sugar content have been determined. This lectin agglutinates horse, rabbit and human erythrocytes, with no specificity for human blood groups, but does not agglutinate calf and sheep erythrocytes. The agglutinating activity is inhibited by mono-, di-, and trisaccharides with a pyranosyl residue whose free hydroxyl group in position 4 has the configuration of glucose, and by fructose. The lectin has mitogenic activity on human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Amino Acids↗