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Biomedical subjects

C Fournier

Publications and source records attributed to C Fournier.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Immunological studies in human ageing. I. In vitro functions of T cells and polymorphs.

T-cells were investigated by the E rosette assay, PHA stimulation, allogeneic MLC and CML responses, in a group of 100 healthy aged people over 70 years old, and compared to young control individuals less than 45 years old. No major difference was found between the two groups, except for PHA stimulation which was significantly reduced in old individuals when low mitogen concentration was used. These observations suggest that only some T cells subsets are affected by ageing, without modification of the total T lymphocyte number. Contrarily, the phagocytic activities of polymorphonuclear cells assessed in a group of 38 aged people were dramatically decreased, using either the NBT test or a direct phagocytosis assay.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Obstructive cardiomyopathy and stenosing coronary atherosclerosis. Apropos of 5 cases].

Five cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy with coronary artery disease are reported; 2 males and 5 females, aged 27, 49, 64, 67, and 70 years respectively. Four patients had angina, the other being asymptomatic. The diagnosis of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy was based on the presence of at least 4 of the following 5 signs: an ejectional systolic murmur, an external carotid pulse tracing showing a second endsystolic peak, an echocardiogramme showing both systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve and asymmetrical septal hypertrophy biloculation and/or disaxation of the left ventricular cavity on selective angiography, and a spontaneous or provoked intraventricular pressure gradient of over 30 mm Hg. Coronary angiography showed one or more stenoses of over 70% on at least one of the three main coronary arteries in all patients. Two of the 5 patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery without myomectomy; the remaining 3 patients were treated medically. All patients have been followed up for periods ranging from 8 months to 6 years (average: 4 years) with a favourable outcome in 4 of them who are currently asymptomatic; the other patient has moderate angina (non-operated, treated with propranolol). The frequency of the association of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease was initially underestimated, but in fact it does not appear to be uncommon. The association would seem to be fortuitous. The long-term prognosis is not known and the management is not codified. It would seem logical to propose simultaneous surgical correction of the two conditions by myomectomy and coronary bypass surgery when anatomically possible, when beta blocker therapy fails, despite a relatively high operative risk, according to the few published cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Coronary arteriography and long-term prognosis in postero-inferior infarction. Methodological reflections apropos of a preliminary retrospective survey].

Most studies of the long term prognosis after myocardial infarction take only parameters reflecting the quantity of necrosed cardiae muscle and the resulting disturbances in left ventricular function into account. Coronary arteriography should give a more precise assessment by the detection of stenoses on arteries supplying healthy myocardium, especially in small infarcts. This concept was tested in a retrospective study of 100 patients investigated 1 to 12 months after inaugural posterior or inferior myocardial infarction between 1970 and 1979, and followed-up for an average of 32,5 months. THe survival curves of subgroups defined by angiographic parameters were compared by Mantel's method. The 5 year survival rate was 91,2 +/- 3,4%, corresponding to a mortality of 26 deaths per 1000 patients year. This very low mortality rate may be related on the one hand to the selection of the patients, especially those investigated at a distance from the infarct, and on the other hand, to the role of drug therapy. The number of patients required to compare two therapeutic protocols would be necessarily high because of the low overall mortality. The 5 year survival rate without a serious cardiac event (death, recurrent infarction, deterioration to Stages III or IV of the NYHA Classification, acute coronary insufficiency), was 76,8 +/- 6.4%. The only discriminating angiographic sign in this study was the number of diseased vessels: triple vessel disease significantly increased the risk of a serious cardiac event, (p less than 0,04). The preliminary results have led to the establishment of a stricter protocol designed to improve the indications of coronary arteriography in postero-inferior infarction.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Carbon magnetic resonance studies of the self-aggregation of calf thymus histones.

Self-aggregation of calf thymus histones H2A and H4 was studied by means of 13C magnetic resonance. Analyses of the changes in the intensities of several side-chain resonances, induced by added NaCl, confirm that carbon magnetic resonance can be used to monitor aggregation phenomena more accurately than other physicochemical methods. In particular the validity of an original computer-based method to treat 13C intensities is confirmed. The details of these aggregation phenomena are critically discussed in the light of a simple experiment on a 13C-enriched sample of H2B.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Clinicopathological study of the causes of mortality during the acute phase of myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

Clinical and autopsy study of 100 cases of patients dying during the first 3 weeks of hospitalisation for myocardial infarction revealed the following causes of death: cardiac failure in 59 cases (including 40 of cardiogenic shock), rupture of the heart in 29 cases (24 of rupture of the ventricular wall, 4 of the septum and 1 of a mitral papillary muscle). 4 ventricular arrhythmias and 6 haemorrhagic or embolic complications. In 2 cases, the cause of death could not be accurately determined. In cardiogenic shock, death usually occurred early. It was later in cases of refractory left ventricular failure. Conduction disturbances were much commoner in cases of myocardial infarction complicated by fatal cardiac failure (57.6%) than in the presence of any other complication (17.1%) (p less than 0.001). The responsible infarction was often extensive and recurrent. Rupture of the heart invariably occurred during the first three days of an infarction often initial (p less than 0.001), anterior (apart from septal rupture) and small in size (p less than 0.01). Other complications play only a secondary role in mortality at the present time, in particular arrhythmias, the gravity of which has greatly decreased since the reduction of delays before hospitalisation and improvements in anti-arrhythmic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Activation of a human T cell subpopulation bearing receptors for autologous erythrocytes by concanavalin A.

Human lymphocytes from different lymphoid organs were examined for rosette formation with autologous erythrocytes. The autorosette-forming cells (A-RFC) were shown to belong to a T cell subset including less mature lymphocytes. When normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated with low doses of the plant lectin concanavalin A (Con A), in the presence of autologous plasma, the A-RFC levels were strongly enhanced. This response gave rise to two peaks: the first one coincided with the peak of thymidine incorporation but the maximum increase occurred 5 or 6 days later when the proliferative response was impaired. Depletion of A-RFC before stimulation with Con A led to a clear-cut decrease in autorosette levels at both peaks of the response. It is concluded that Con A, generally used for polyclonal activation against heteroantigens, may also result, in terms of A-RFC marker, in expansion of an autoreactive T cell population.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1978

[Extensive aortic dissection and aneurysm of the left coronary trunk. 20-year spontaneous development].

A case is reported of dissection of the aorta in a lady of 35. The condition was complicated first by myocardial infarction and secondly by severe aortic incompetence which led, 20 years after the onset of the dissection, to the death of the patient from intractable heart failure. At post-mortem, an extensive dissection was found to involve the whole of the aorta and several of its branches, but did not involve the coronary arteries, which were normal except for the trunk of the left coronary; this was dilated. The natural history of dissections of the aorta is reviewed. The incidence, course and etiology of coronary aneurysms are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Allogeneic lymphocyte-dependent antibodies (LDA). Specificity of Fc receptors.

Cellular receptors for the Fc fragment of IgG have been studied by the erythrocyte antibody (EA) rosette technique using either human red blood cells coated with anti-D IgG alloantibodies or pigeon red blood cells coated with aggregated IgG. Human lymphocytes were shown to form 4 to 35% of anti-D EA rosettes and 15% of E-aggregated IgG rosettes. Anti-D EA rosette values depended closely upon the amount and the source of anti-D antibodies, Ripley's type antisera giving the highest percentage of rosettes. Cell filtration through a nylon-wool column, a procedure known to remove B cells, caused a complete depletion of E-aggregated IgG rosettes and significant but only partial decrease of anti-D EA rosettes. A low but significant percentage of double rosettes were formed when anti-D-coated erythrocytes were mixed with aggregated IgG coated red blood cells or sheep red blood cells. Removal of EA-rosette-forming cells by passage on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient K cell activity (assessed by lymphocyte-dependent antibody cytotoxicity using anti-HLA antibody-coated target cells) even when forming rosettes at low levels of erythrocyte sensitization with anti-D serum. Conversely, B cell markers (erythrocyte antibody complement rosettes or surface Ig) were only decreased at high levels of erythrocyte sensitization and remained unaffected after depletion of EA-rosette-forming cells formed at low levels of erythrocyte sensitization. These data suggest the existence of several populations of Fc receptor-bearing cells in human peripheral blood which may be differentiated according to the degree of erythrocyte IgG sensitization. Rosettes made with low concentrations of anti-D serum are mainly formed by non-B cells endowed with K cell activity, whereas those formed with high concentration of anti-D serum include B cells, monocytes, and K cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Increase in autologous erythrocyte binding by T cells with ageing in man.

Studies made of 115 normal subjects of both sexes aged 20--94 years showed that autologous rosette-forming cell levels in human peripheral blood lymphocytes were related to age and sex. However, no such relationship was found in response to phytohaemagglutinin performed in the same subjects. The nature of these autorosettes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied. A significant decrease in autorosette levels was observed after passage through nylon wool at high RBC/WC ratios, and at any ratio after E-rosette depletion. The results suggesting a T-cell origin of autorosettes were confirmed by the existence of mixed autologous erythrocyte and sheep red blood cell rosettes.

Adult↗