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Biomedical subjects

C Fontaine

Publications and source records attributed to C Fontaine.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Familial dementia of the Neumann type (subcortical gliosis)].

The case of a 70 year-old patient with familial dementia is reported. A cerebral biopsy and neurotransmitters dosages in CSF and brain tissue ruled out a primary dementia as Pick's or Alzheimer's disease. Our case may be related to Neumann's cases of subcortical gliosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Acetabular fractures and sacroiliac dislocations].

Involvement of the sacro-iliac joint is frequently associated with acetabular fractures. It was noted on 23 occasions in fractures of both columns of the acetabulum. Tomodensitometry is a key examination which shows lesions which could be missed on standard X-Rays. Dislocations of the sacro-iliac joint diminished the possibility of exact reduction. In 23 cases, only three sacro-iliac lesions were anatomically reduced and 13 hips were well centered. The results obtained after surgical treatment were better than after conservative treatment. This explained the finding that 10 hips developed arthrosis in 14 patients treated conservatively and only 3 in 9 treated surgically. The sacro-iliac involvement was either an anterior opening of the joint leading to an antero-posterior excentration of the hip, or an inferior opening leading to a lateral shift of the iliac bone and a vertical orientation of the acetabulum. In several cases, both types of displacement were present. The diagnosis of the sacro-iliac joint lesion is helped by tomodensitometry though it can also be made by good antero-posterior pelvic radiographs. Conservative treatment using traction was unable to reduce the sacro-iliac lesion, and in some cases it increased the displacement of the iliac bone. Treatment should be by reduction, either using external fixators or by internal fixation.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1984

Infectious mononucleosis-like response in common marmosets infected with Epstein-Barr virus.

Callithrix jacchus marmosets infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with or without concurrent treatment with cyclosporin A (CySA) remained healthy. Five marmosets given virus alone developed lymphocytosis and heterophile antibody. Antibody to EBV capsid antigens (VCA) appeared and remained at titers of 1:40-1:80 from 15 weeks onward. Two animals produced antibody to the R component of early antigens (EA) from six weeks onward. Five CySA-treated EBV-infected marmosets showed no increase in total lymphocyte counts; only two developed heterophile antibody. Four developed persistent antibody to the EA-R component. All developed antibody to VCA, and mean titers were higher than in animals given EBV alone. Antibody to VCA also appeared in animals given EBV into Waldeyer's ring. Because these responses to EBV resemble those of humans, C. jacchus may provide a useful model for exploring the potential of cofactors in inducing EBV-associated malignancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Constraints on the knee caused by meniscal and ligament derangement. Study of the internal condylotibial joint. Experimental cinematic method].

In a previous paper the authors have demonstrated that the polycentric curve of the surface of the medial condyle of the femur is a logarithmic spiral arch whose centre is the point of attachment of the medial ligament. In the present study, the totality of the menisco-ligamentous system was considered and studied on cadavers following a geometric model. It is shown that the ligament system controls combined or successive movements of gliding or rotation of the condyle on the tibial plateau in such a way as to avoid any cam effect or additional strain. Division of ligaments or excision of a meniscus leads to an increase in strain which varies in relation to the type of lesion. The increase is moderate after division of the anterior cruciate ligament, greater after division of the posterior cruciate ligament and severe after meniscectomy especially when associated with ligamentous division.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

[Chiari's osteotomy. Difficulties in the realization of biomechanical goals. Apropos of 32 operations].

The authors have made an anatomical study on cadavers to determine more precisely the mechanical goal of Chiari osteotomy and its achievement. They note that the procedure aims to improve the lateral and anterior coverage of the femoral head, to suppress subluxating forces and to medialize the hip to decrease the tension of the gluteus medius. The line of osteotomy must allow rotation of the lower fragment of the iliac bone beneath the upper part, the axis of rotation being the symphysis pubis. The ideal line of osteotomy should be conical and as vertical as possible but leaving the sacro iliac joint unimpaired. Its achievement is made easier by a pre-operative drawing in which the following points should be respected. The sagittal displacement should be calculated on a true antero posterior radiograph in which the direction of the axis of the pubic symphysis can be appreciated. The correct position of the guide pins should be determined by the location of its point of entry and exit and not by its obliquity which may be misleading. Medialization should be obtained by abduction of the thigh and not by pressure on the greater trochanter to avoid total pelvic translation. Thirty-eight patients have been operated on and followed up for more than one year. Twenty one results were satisfactory.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1984

[Fractures of the sacrum with neurologic complications. A case].

The fractures of sacrum are rare and the literature is poor on their etiopathological aspects and possible complications. According to a sacral transverse fracture with neurological complications by epidural hematoma we analyze the different mechanisms to obtain this one.

Fecal Incontinence↗
PubMed1983

Long-term results in the treatment of fracture-dislocations of Galeazzi in adults. Report on twenty-nine cases.

The authors report 29 cases of a true Galeazzi fracture, (i.e. displaced fracture of the radial shaft and disruption of the distal radioulnar joint). In 1/4 of the cases, dislocation was overlooked and the injury was mistaken for a so-called "isolated" fracture of the radius. By accurate open reduction and compression plating of the fracture, both the torn radioulnar ligaments and the articular disc could be repaired and healed. Additional percutaneous Kirschner pinning across the ulna and the radius in order to avoid redislocation, does not seem to be necessary. It is important, however, to hold the reduction of the radioulnar dislocation in a plaster cast for 4-6 weeks, since the 8 persistent displacements of the ulnar head always resulted in a lack of pronosupination of more than 25 degrees. In these cases, pain and disability may require later surgical management. Late resection of the ulnar head or a Sauve-Kapandji procedure which yield an obvious cosmetic and functional improvement, are preferred to any immediate surgical repair of the radioulnar ligaments. This operation was carried out 3 times, but failed twice. Nevertheless out of 25 patients reviewed after a mean follow up time of 6.5 years, the results were gratifying in 20 who could resume their previous occupation 4 to 12 months postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Chiari's osteotomy. Principles, results and indications. Apropos of 31 cases].

The authors present their experience of 31 cases of Chiari's pelvic osteotomy. The authors recall the principles and the biomechanical objectives of this operation and then they describe the operative technique, which is difficult to master. This osteotomy was performed in patients aged between 15 and 57, gave very good results in 13 cases, good results in 8 cases and mediocre results in 7 cases, of the 28 cases which have been followed up for more then a year. This procedure seems to have a very effective analgesic action, without a marked loss of joint amplitude, but sometimes at the price of a residual limp. This type of osteotomy finds its best indications in arthroses of the hip secondary to marked exposure of the femoral head.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

[Osteosynthesis of true cervical fractures with D.K.P. screw-plates. Apropos of 125 cases].

One hundred and twenty-five patients had been operated on of whom ninety-two were reviewed. Seventy-four of these had severely displaced fractures of Garden type III or IV. This study confirmed the bad prognosis of fractures with a vertical line, and of those with severe displacement. It confirmed the importance of accurate reduction which should not make the fracture less stable or lead to an increase in vascular damage. It is concluded that this type of fixation lessens the incidence of non-union. The validity of bone biochemical studies is discussed. The authors consider that the device should be modified to increase its strength.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the centriolar zone in cultured human cells].

Centriolar area of human cells in culture was stained and observed by coupling immunoperoxidase technique and the use of Rabbit natural antibody. This staining showed a component which appears mainly as granular pericentriolar muffs in continuity with lateral projections similar to the satellites which have been described in conventional electron microscopy.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1981

[Arterial vascularization of the tail of the pancreas].

Concerning acute pancreatitis following splenectomy, the authors studied the arterial blood supply of the pancreas, by means of 30 dissections, injections and radiographies; they described three types of arteries, of which origin, length, diameter, entry-point in the gland and distribution were studied; the vascular etiology pancreatitis following splenectomy does not appear probable.

Arteries↗
PubMed1980

Natural antibodies to EBV-VCA antigens in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and response after EBV inoculation.

Healthy common marmosets from two separate colonies, one in England and one in France, were found to have antibodies cross-reacting with Epstein-Barr virus structural antigens (EBV-VCA). All seropositive animals were at least 2 years old. Experimental EBV infection of marmosets of different ages led to seroconversion of inoculated weanlings. Adult animals either developed antibody for the first time or showed an increase in their existing titers. Both control and infected animals developed a progressive interstitial nephritis. The lymphocytic infiltration was more extensive, diffuse and immature in appearance in inoculated animals, but no definite evidence of lymphoproliferative disease or lymphoma was found.

Animals↗