Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Foltz

Publications and source records attributed to C Foltz.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Therapeutic alliance as a predictor of outcome and retention in the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study.

The authors examined the relation between therapeutic alliance, retention, and outcome for 308 cocaine-dependent outpatients participating in the National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. High levels of alliance were observed in supportive-expressive therapy (SE), cognitive therapy (CT), and individual drug counseling (IDC), and alliance levels increased slightly but significantly from Session 2 to Session 5 in all groups. In contrast to other studies, alliance was not a significant predictor of drug outcome. However, alliance did predict patient retention differentially across the 3 treatments. In SE and IDC, either higher levels of alliance were associated with increased retention or no relationship between alliance and retention was found, depending on the time alliance was measured. In CT, higher levels of alliance were associated with decreased retention.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The central relationship questionnaire (CRQ): psychometric properties in a Swedish sample and cross-cultural studies.

The Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) method is one of the most widely used and tested instruments developed within a psychoanalytic context for assessing central relationship patterns or characteristic patterns of relating to others. The Swedish version of the Central Relationship Questionnaire (CRQ), a recently developed self-report instrument based on the CCRT, was tested in a sample of Swedish psychology students (31 men, 60 women) and compared with responses of Swedish outpatients (15 men, 15 women) and North American students (49 men, 49 women). The subscales of the Swedish CRQ showed acceptable internal consistency and correlated with each other in a predictable fashion, displaying a pattern of intercorrelations similar to the English version. The CRQ showed meaningful patterns of correspondence with self-reported interpersonal problems as well as meaningful differences between the Swedish students and Swedish outpatients, indicating preliminary convergent and divergent validity.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Self and observer reports of interpersonal problems in couples.

This study investigated self-partner agreement on a measure of interpersonal problems as well as the relationship between discrepancy in self-partner ratings and self-reported symptomatology. Both partners of 49 young adult couples rated themselves and their partners on the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems(IIP Horowitz, Rosenberg, Baer, Ureño, & Villaseñor, 1988). The results demonstrated that couples generally evidenced significant agreement in characterizing the interpersonal problems of each target person, suggesting that the substantial self-partner agreement previously reported for personality traits generalizes to the domain of interpersonal problems. Results also indicated that the relationship between self-partner discrepancy and symptomatology depended on the target person's gender. Finally, the data provide preliminary evidence of the psychometric properties of an observer form of the IIP, including its circular structure.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Issues in research on short-term dynamic psychotherapy.

In this article, we review the development of short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP) and introduce some of the important questions to be addressed in studying STDP. We begin by surveying some of the areas not covered in this special edition (e.g., the efficacy of STDP, recent developments in dynamic formulation) because they were recently reviewed elsewhere. We then introduce the four articles included in this special mini-series. We conclude by looking at which questions could benefit from further study and recommend that more data be gathered regarding (a) the differences between the many different forms of STDP; (b) the efficacy of these forms of therapies for specific disorders, including personality disorders; (c) the essential theoretically relevant processes occurring in those treatments; (d) matching patients to different therapies; (e) the interrelations between different therapeutic processes; and (f) the different strategies for teaching STDP.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Toddlers' acquisition of self/other knowledge: ecological and interpersonal aspects of self and other.

The complexity of toddlers' self-development was examined in the context of knowing others. Two studies were designed to test whether toddlers' self-knowledge was different from their knowledge of others (e.g., mother and inanimate object) or whether toddlers' knowledge of persons (e.g., self and mother) was different from their knowledge of objects. Knowledge of self, mother, and inanimate object was observed in developmentally sequenced tasks assessing agency and featural knowledge. When the inanimate object was perceptually different from humans, 12-month-old toddlers responded differently to all 3 versions. When the inanimate object was perceptually similar to humans, 24-month-olds distinguished self from other and did not distinguish between the 2 versions of "other:" mother and inanimate object. We concluded that 12-month-old infants were more sensitive to perceptual features of objects than were older toddlers. Data were interpreted according to Neisser's distinction between the ecological self and the interpersonal self.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Proof construction: adolescent development from inductive to deductive problem-solving strategies.

Inductive and deductive approaches to the construction of problem-solving proofs were examined using a task that requires the discovery of a geometrical figure hidden behind a series of covers. It was proposed that during adolescence, with the acquisition of a formal reasoning competence (as measured by Overton's [1990] version of Wason's selection task), there would be a transition from inductive to deductive proof construction strategies. One hundred adolescents were assessed on both the problem-solving proof task and the reasoning competence is associated with taking a deductive approach to proof construction. Formal reasoners tend to construct a proof based on the use of a falsification strategy as demonstrated by their search for disconfirming instances. A nonformal level of competence on the other hand is associated with inductive approaches. In this situation nonformal subjects tend to employ a verification strategy as demonstrated by the generation of redundant information. Results support the hypothesis that there is a cognitive developmental progression from an inductive approach to the construction of proofs to a deductive approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Quantitation of basement membrane collagen degradation by living tumor cells in vitro.

In order to study the mechanism of tumor cell invasion of basement membranes, a new method has been developed to quantify basement membrane (type IV) collagen degradation by living tumor cells. Tumor cells are inoculated into 16-mm tissue culture wells coatd with biosynthetically [14C]proline-labeled type IV collagen. Soluble degradation products are detected by measuring the radioactivity present in the medium. Using this method, we find that both highly metastatic and non-metastatic tumor cells and normal cells attach, but only the metastatic cells degrade the type IV collagen layer. The present data suggest that the mechanism of degradation is local activation of a latent type IV collagen specific enzyme at the cell substrate interface with no significant cell phagocytosis of substrate.

Animals↗