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Biomedical subjects

C F Speirs

Publications and source records attributed to C F Speirs.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Factors determining the passage of drugs from blood into saliva.

1. Following single oral dosing of ampicillin, cephalexin, tetracycline, erythromycin estolate, clindamycin and rifampicin to six normal volunteers, antibacterial activity was measured at 1, 3 and 6 h in serum, gingival fluid and minor gland saliva from all subjects and in parotid and submandiabular saliva from three. 2. pH values of all gingival fluid and saliva specimens were noted. 3. Partition coefficients between n-octanol and water were measured for erythromycin, clindamycin and rifampicin. Published data were used for ampicillin, cephalexin and tetracycline. 4. All antibiotics, but particularly rifampicin, were detected in gingival fluid. Only rifampicin and to a lesser degree, clindamycin were present in the other salivary constituents. 5. In studies of secretion of drugs in saliva, both the physico-chemical characteristics of the drugs and the physiological differences between individual salivary components should be considered. 6. Parotid saliva samples are likely to be of greatest value.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacokinetic studies with benoxaprofen in man: prediction of steady-state levels from single-dose data.

1 Plasma levels of benoxaprofen were measured in eight subjects 2-168 h after a single oral dose of 100 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by the NON-LIN computer programme using the two-compartment open model. Mean half-lives of absorption, distribution and elimination were respectively 0.4, 4.8 and 37.6 hours. Volumes of distribution were 6.8 and 3.2 litres for the central and peripheral compartments respectively. 2 Eleven subjects in groups of three or four were given 25 mg/day, 50 mg/day or 100 mg two times daily for 11 days. Their plasma levels were compared with those predicted from the above parameters, which were adjusted for individual body weights and elimination half-lives. Steady-state plasma levels were predicted in each case, and a resonable degree of accuracy (mean 91%) achieved. 3 There was no tendency for observed and predicted levels to diverge as the dose was increased, and there was no evidence of any change in the disposition of benoxaprofen on repeated dosing. 4 The pharmacokinetic parameters were used to predict steady state plasma levels for various dosage regimens.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1973

Osteoporosis after oophorectomy for non-malignant disease in premenopausal women.

The role of oophorectomy in the development of osteoporosis was assessed retrospectively in 258 women who had been hysterectomized premenopausally for non-malignant disease. Bone density was assessed using the radiographic density of the third metacarpal. Oophorectomy before the age of 45 years was found to be associated with a significantly increased prevalence of osteoporosis within three to six years of operation. The bone density of women oophorectomized after the age of 45 years was indistinguishable three to six years after operation from that found in healthy women with intact ovaries. These findings confirm the major part played by loss of ovarian function in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1971

Comparison of human serum, parotid and mixed saliva levels of phenoxymethylpenicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin and cephalexin.

1. A study has been made of serum, mixed and parotid salivary levels attained in normal volunteers following oral dosage of 500 mg phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets, 500 mg crushed phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets in capsules, 500 mg ampicillin, 500 mg cloxacillin and 500 mg cephalexin.2. High mixed saliva levels were obtained with phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets and it is considered that these were due to rapid intra-oral dissolution of surface powder from friable tablets. No saliva levels were detected when tablets from the same batch were put into capsules.3. Low or no saliva levels were achieved with ampicillin, cloxacillin and cephalexin.4. The mode of action of antibiotics in oral infections is discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1969

Rifampicin.

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Adolescent↗