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Biomedical subjects

C Escolano

Publications and source records attributed to C Escolano.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Postinfectious diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure in an HIV patient.

Postinfectious proliferative glomerulonephritis may occur in HIV-infected patients, although it is not a common cause of severe acute renal failure in them. We report a woman with HIV infection, who developed hypocomplementemic acute nephritic syndrome 10 days after an upper respiratory infection. Systemic diseases were excluded. The serum creatinine level increased to 6.6 mg/dl. Renal biopsy showed diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis, with mesangial and capillary walls, granular deposits of IgG and C3 by immunofluorescence. She was given corticosteroids with progressive normalization of her renal function. No opportunistic infections have occurred during 1-year follow-up.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2001

[Influenza vaccination of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with severe immunodepression. Impact on CD4 lymphocytes and plasma viral load].

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of influenza vaccination on plasma HIV viral load and CD4 T-lymphocytes in patients with advanced HIV disease. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Observational study carried out in HIV-infected patients with a CD4 cell count < 200 X 10(6)on highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART). Influenza vaccine was voluntarily offered and plasma viral load and CD4 cell counts were measured at baseline, 4 weeks and 12 weeks in vaccinated and control subjects. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were analysed, 10 of them being immunized with the influenza vaccine. A significant decline in CD4 cell counts at 4 and 12 weeks and an increasing trend of viral load were seen in all immunized patients who had a high viral load at the time of vaccination (n = 6), but not in those with an undetectable viral load. The mean decrease of CD4 T-lymphocytes in these 6 patients was 49.8%. Three patients showed a huge drop of the CD4 cell count (over 60% of baseline). CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination of severely immunocompromised HIV-infected patients who are failing to HAART might be associated with an immunological impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Genotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs in patients with therapeutic failure to highly active antiretroviral therapy].

BACKGROUND: To assess genotypic resistance mutations in patients with virological failure with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) METHODS: Genotyping of reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PRO) HIV-1 genes were carried out in 33 adherent patients failing on HAART. RESULTS: Resistance mutations were found in 32 of the 33; 27 of them (81.8%) being primary mutations: 26 (78.8%) in the RT gene and 60 (60.6%) in the PRO gene. Overall, 66.6% had genotypic resistance to two drugs and 60.6% showed resistance to drugs belonging to the two main classes of antiretroviral drugs. At the time of treatment failure, 72.7% had on their therapeutic regimen one antiretroviral drug to which they had resistance mutations, 48.5% had genotypic resistance to two drugs of the therapeutic regimen and 21.2% to three drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Most adherent patients failing on HAART carry drug resistant genotypes. These patients may constitute a reservoir of multidrug resistant HIV that may limit treatment options in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: an easily missed respiratory pathogen in HIV-infected patients.

Despite being a well-known respiratory pathogen for immunocompromised patients, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum has uncommonly been reported to occur in persons with infection attributable to HIV virus. We report three cases of respiratory tract infection attributable to C. pseudodiphtheriticum in HIV-infected patients and review the four previous cases from the medical literature. All of them were male with a median CD4 lymphocyte count of 110 cells/mm3 (range, 18-198/mm3); five of the seven cases occurred in persons for whom AIDS was diagnosed previously. The onset of symptomatology was usually acute and the most common radiographic appearance was alveolar infiltrate (six patients) with cavitation (two patients) and pleural effusion (two patients). In five of the seven cases, C. pseudodiphtheriticum was isolated from bronchoscopic samples and in the remaining two cases was recovered from lung biopsy (one patient) and sputum (one patient). In the three patients reported herein and in one previous case from the medical literature, quantitative culturing of bronchoscopic samples obtained through either bronchoalveolar lavage or protected brush catheter procedures yielded more than 10(3) CFU/mL. All the strains tested were susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin. Resistance to macrolides was common. Recovery was observed in six of the seven patients. C. pseudodiphtheriticum should be regarded as a potential respiratory pathogen in HIV-infected patients. This infection presents late in the course of HIV disease and it seems to respond well to appropriate antibiotic treatment in most of the cases. This easily overlooked pathogen should be added to the list of organisms implicated in respiratory tract infections in this population.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗