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Biomedical subjects

C Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to C Ellis.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Molecular study of the T cell repertoire in family contacts and patients with leprosy.

The specificity of lymphocyte proliferative responses of 22 family contacts and 7 patients with leprosy were analyzed using Ag fractions from soluble extracts of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fractions 10-100 kDa m.w. from each extract were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electroblotted to nitrocellulose membrane and solubilized for use in lymphocyte culture. The main immunogenic fractions for both contacts and patients had m.w. of 12,000 to 22,000, 35,000 to 40,000, and 65,000. Determinants which were either distinct or shared by the two extracts were active in each of the immunogenic fractions. Lymphocyte proliferation following stimulation with separated Ag was found also in five subjects who failed to respond to the whole soluble extracts. Stimulatory synthetic peptides were identified for the 65 kDa protein Ag. This technique has permitted the screening of the T cell immune repertoire for the identification of the immunodominant Ag which merit further purification and molecular characterization.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cerebral lateralization of language in deaf and hearing people.

In Experiment 1 neither hearing nor prelingually deaf signing adolescents showed marked lateralization for lexical decision but, unlike the hearing, the deaf were not impaired by the introduction of pseudohomophones. In Experiment 2 semantic categorization produced a left hemisphere advantage in the hearing for words but not pictures whereas in the deaf words and signs but not pictures showed a right hemisphere advantage. In Experiment 3 the lexical decision and semantic categorization findings were confirmed and both groups showed a right hemisphere advantage for a face/nonface decision task. The possible effect of initial language acquisition on the development of hemispheric lateralization for language is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Acute intermittent porphyria in a children's psychiatric hospital.

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare autosomal disease that presents with gastrointestinal, psychiatric, and neurological symptoms. Bizarre behaviors are common to several illnesses present in a psychiatric setting. Most often these are manifestations of psychotic illness such as schizophrenia or manic-depressive illness, but they can also be seen in cases of organic mental dysfunction and toxic psychotic states. The author describes the disorder and reports on two cases of AIP in children who were initially diagnosed as atypical psychosis in an inpatient children's psychiatric hospital over a 3-year period.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Prosthetic usage following major lower extremity amputation.

There were 157 patients following major lower extremity amputation who were evaluated to determine functional prosthetic ambulation. Twenty-eight patients were evaluated in the amputee clinic and found not to be candidates for prosthetic fitting. Forty-one patients were fit with a prosthesis but did not become functional prosthetic ambulators. Eighty-eight patients became functional prosthetic ambulators. Of all above-the-knee amputees, 46% became functional prosthetic ambulators. Only 19% of bilateral lower extremity amputees became functional prosthetic ambulators. Of all below-the-knee amputees, 66% became functional ambulators. The presence of coronary artery disease decreased the ambulatory potential in above-the-knee or bilateral amputees but not in below-the-knee amputees. A screening method for elderly, dysvascular amputees should be instituted prior to prosthetic fitting.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Multiple sulphatase deficiency: prenatal diagnosis using chorionic villi.

Multiple sulphatase deficiency was diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy by demonstrating markedly reduced activities of arylsulphatases and heparin sulphamidase by direct assays on chorionic villi (CV). The diagnosis was confirmed by assays on cell cultures of villi and fetal skin fibroblasts. Two further pregnancies of this mother were monitored similarly and predicted to be unaffected; one produced a normal healthy infant, the other miscarried shortly after CV sampling.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Isolation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous from a chronic corneal ulcer.

Organisms belonging to Rhodococcus species have been isolated as the causative agent of infections in many animals and humans. The majority of the human infections so far reported have been limited to immunocompromised patients including AIDS patients. We report an elderly woman with a chronic corneal ulcer infected with Rhodococcus. To our knowledge there is no previous report on a Rhodococcus infection of the eye. Rarity of this type of infection by Rhodococcus in a locally immunocompromised site in an otherwise healthy individual prompted this case history.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Morphological aspects of the development of hydrocephalus in a mouse mutant (SUMS/NP).

The SUMS/NP is a mouse mutant with a recessive gene for congenital hydrocephalus. The condition is detectable outwardly at 3 days after birth and affected animals die soon after weaning. The heads of fetuses from 14 to 20 days gestation and at 1, 4, 5, 12 and 18 days after birth have been sectioned for light microscopy and the volume of the lateral ventricles measured in all but the three oldest ages. At 16 days gestation and earlier all fetuses had a relatively large lateral ventricle volume. Hydrocephalus was first detected from volume measurements at 18 days gestation and generally became progressively more severe with age. Hydrocephalic animals, in addition to lateral and third ventricle dilatation, always showed a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the cerebral aqueduct or a total absence of the aqueduct. All hydrocephalics, with the exception of two fetuses, also had cystic cavitation of the forebrain around the lateral ventricles. Electron microscopy of animals with a reduced aqueduct showed the ventral part to be absent in hydrocephalics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Toxic phorbol esters from Chinese tallow stimulate protein kinase C.

Phorbol esters were isolated from the seeds of Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum L. Roxb.). These compounds were based on the tigliane nuclei, 4-deoxyphorbol, 12-deoxyphorbol and 4,20-dideoxy-5-hydroxyphorbol. The pro-inflammatory activity (ID50) of the pure compounds was between 0.042 and 2.6 nmoles per ear. Protein kinase C activation assays were carried out on samples of enzyme purified from mammalian brain and the activities (Ka) were in the range 76-176 nM. The 4,20-dideoxy-5-hydroxy analogue was inactive in both tests. Chinese tallow, which is used as a substitute for linseed oil, may represent an industrial toxic hazard in terms of both pro-inflammatory and tumour-promoting effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Activated charcoal: in vivo and in vitro studies of effect on gas formation.

It has been reported that activated charcoal reduces intestinal gas production after ingestion of beans as evidenced by decreased breath hydrogen excretion and decreased passage of flatus. In the present study we assessed the ability of activated charcoal to reduce intestinal gas production by in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro studies were performed using human fecal homogenates incubated with or without additional carbohydrate. In all studies hydrogen and carbon dioxide production and consumption occurred at similar rates in the charcoal-treated homogenate as compared with the untreated control. The influence of activated charcoal on gas production, in vivo, was studied by double-blind assessment of breath hydrogen excretion and flatus excretion after ingestion of a baked bean meal. No significant difference was observed in breath hydrogen concentration or number of passages of flatus in subjects who ingested 16 capsules of activated charcoal (4 g) as opposed to the placebo. We conclude that activated charcoal does not influence gas formation in vitro or in vivo.

Adult↗