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Biomedical subjects

C Elliott

Publications and source records attributed to C Elliott.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

When to harvest peripheral-blood stem cells after mobilization therapy: prediction of CD34-positive cell yield by preceding day CD34-positive concentration in peripheral blood.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the CD34+ yield from a single peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) harvest could be predicted by measurement of the patient's circulating WBC and CD34+ cell concentrations on the day before harvest. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with hematologic or nonhematologic malignancy underwent 41 stem-cell mobilization episodes with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and a total of 63 leukapheresis procedures were performed. Peripheral-blood samples were analyzed for WBC and CD34+ cell concentration both on the day before and the day of leukapheresis. RESULTS: The median WBC and CD34+ concentrations on the day preceding leukapheresis were 10.0 x 10(9)/L (range, 0.4 to 44.4) and 24.9 x 10(6)/L (range, 0.1 to 349.4), respectively. On the day of harvest, the corresponding figures were 15.1 x 10(9)/L (range, 1.5 to 52.6) and 29.3 x 10(6)/L (range, 0.1 to 543.1), respectively. The median CD34+ cell number collected in a single leukapheresis was 2.6 x 10(6)/kg body weight (range, 0.1 to 26.1). Both the preceding day (r = .84, P < .001) and harvest day (r = .95, P < .001) CD34+ circulating concentrations correlated significantly with the number of CD34+ cells per kilogram collected at leukapheresis. The correlation between CD34+ cells per kilogram collected and harvest day WBC count was also significant (r = .43, P <.001), but with the preceding day WBC count was nonsignificant. CONCLUSION: The number of CD34+ cells harvested in a single leukapheresis can be predicted by measurement of the preceding day peripheral-blood circulating CD34+ concentration, and on the basis of these data a table of probable CD34+ cell yield has been constructed. This correlation may facilitate the efficient organization of leukapheresis procedures.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed1995

Intrathecal narcotics for labor using combined spinal epidural technique: an attractive option for solo anesthesia providers.

A 31-year-old primigravida woman presenting with term pregnancy was admitted for labor and delivery. After approximately 10 hours of labor, which included an oxytocin infusion, she requested anesthesia intervention. A combined spinal/epidural (CSE) block was administered featuring a 3 1/2-in, 18-gauge Hustead epidural needle into the epidural space, through which was placed a 4 11/16-in, 27-gauge Whitacre spinal needle into the subarachnoid space. Fifty micrograms of fentanyl, 0.25 mg of morphine, 0.2 mg of epinephrine, and 2 mL of perservative-free normal saline were given intrathecally, the spinal needle was withdrawn, and a catheter placed into the epidural space. Profound analgesia without motor impairment was achieved. After the patient failed to progress, 2% lidocaine was administered epidurally to provide anesthesia to a T4 level, and a cesarean section was performed. The CSE technique provides a safe, flexible choice of anesthesia for labor and delivery. Monitoring of the patient by the anesthetist is necessary for only the initial 30 minutes after block administration. This, coupled with the advantage of having an epidural catheter as a backup, makes it an especially attractive alternative for the solo anesthetist.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Leadership without bosses: shared leadership in the creation of a health network.

After province X's Minister of Health announced that health administration would be regionalized, administrators from two hospitals, a health unit and a nursing home planned a health network. In planning the network, the participants looked beyond their own facilities as being separately governed and separately funded organizations. This study investigates the exercise of shared leadership in order to increase the understanding of the nature of leadership and the meanings attributed to leadership activity by the various participants.

Canada↗
PubMed1994

The effects of a peripherally selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, MK-467, on the metabolic and cardiovascular response to exercise in healthy man.

1. A double-blind, placebo controlled study has been conducted to investigate the consequences of i.v. treatment with MK-467, a peripherally selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist in exercising healthy male subjects. In particular, the effects on blood pressure, heart rate, circulating catecholamines (noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A)), insulin, glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) were determined. 2. Exercise produced increases in catecholamines, blood pressure and heart rate. FFA increased at the start of the exercise but then declined as exercise progressed. 3. MK-467 significantly increased NA, in a dose-dependent manner, before and during exercise without altering A. Blood pressure and heart rate were not affected by drug treatment. 4. The insulin and FFA response to exercise was significantly enhanced by MK-467 although glucose was unaltered by drug. 5. It is concluded that both pre- and post-junctional peripheral alpha 2-receptors play an important role in the metabolic response to exercise in man.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of body sway analysis techniques. Assessment with subjects standing on a stable surface.

Different analysis methods for the objective measurements of body sway were examined to establish the most sensitive method for identifying changes in stability. Changes between stability with eyes open and eyes closed were used to assess the techniques. Body sway was measured in a group of normal subjects standing on a stable surface using "sway magnetometry," which measures hip movement in the sagittal and coronal planes by magnetic field detectors worn at the waist. The following analysis methods were studied; path length, mean distance from the centre, the area enclosed by the path of movement, and the areas of a convex hull, an ellipse and a circle enclosing the sampled points. The results showed that the path length technique had the smallest inter-subject variability, both with eyes open and eyes closed, and was the only technique whose mean Romberg Coefficient (Eyes Open/Eyes Closed) was more than two standard derivations from 1.0 (0.74 +/- 0.11, mean +/- S.D.), indicating that this technique showed greatest sensitivity for detecting changes in body sway.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream--topical anesthesia for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

A 44-year-old man presented with a history of sudden onset left flank pain, accompanied by nausea and microhematuria. The diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction calculus was made and the patient was scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). ESWL uses an electrical spark to generate a shock wave that is focused on a stone in the ureter or kidney. The shock waves mechanically stress and crush the stone, eliminating the need for manipulation or open procedure. The pain of ESWL is caused by skin sensation. Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream (2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine) has been used as a topical anesthetic on intact skin for various minor procedures. Studies have shown that it is effective in dramatically decreasing or eliminating the pain of ESWL. The use of topical EMLA as an anesthetic management technique for a patient undergoing ESWL is described.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1994

A survey of methods of processing and storage of bone marrow and blood stem cells in the EBMT.

We conducted a survey to identify current practices in bone marrow processing, preservation and storage by mailing a questionnaire to 155 bone marrow transplant centres listed in the EBMT records. Approximately 57% of centres replied. There were wide variations in methodology which reflected the different types of disease being treated, local conditions and personal preferences. A number of areas where more caution could be exercised were identified: possible reinfusion of excessive quantities of heparin, possible misuse of disposable needles and lack of awareness of the implications of product liability rules relating to cooling rate, storage and viability data.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of balance assessment by sway magnetometry and force platforms.

Sway magnetometry, which monitors body movement at the hips, was compared with two commercial force platforms to determine its sensitivity in identifying differences in stability between eyes opened and eyes closed. Sway path length and area were examined. All devices showed an ability to distinguish between stability with eyes opened and eyes closed on repeated testing. The magnetometry system using path length analysis was most sensitive and was able to detect an increase in sway with eyes closed compared with eyes open for individual tests with 97% confidence (mean [+/- SD] path length Romberg Coefficient, .76 +/- .13). Standing on a rubber base caused destabilization of posture. Sway magnetometry is seen as a potentially useful tool in quantification of body sway to aid the clinician in assessment of balance in the dizzy patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The role of plasma non-esterified fatty acids during exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Elevated fasting plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels have been reported in Type 2 diabetes. We examined whether such changes persist during low-grade exercise and influence carbohydrate metabolism. Eight Type 2 diabetic patients with moderate glycaemic control and eight healthy controls received the anti-lipolytic agent, acipimox, or placebo on separate occasions before exercising for 45 min at 35% pre-determined VO2max. Fasting plasma NEFA levels were similar (0.40 +/- 0.06 (SEM) and 0.45 +/- 0.05 mmol l-1; healthy and Type 2 diabetic subjects) following placebo, and increased to comparable levels with exercise (0.73 +/- 0.07 and 0.73 +/- 0.10 mmol l-1). Acipimox lowered basal NEFA levels (0.14 +/- 0.03 and 0.28 +/- 0.04 mmol l-1; both p < 0.05 vs placebo), and prevented the rise with exercise. Blood glucose (p < 0.001) and serum insulin (p < 0.01) levels were higher in the Type 2 diabetic patients (vs controls) for both treatments. Whole body lipid oxidation increased from baseline to a comparable degree with exercise following placebo (3.2 +/- 0.3 and 2.8 +/- 0.3 mg kg-1 min-1; healthy and Type 2 diabetic subjects, both p < 0.02). Although less marked, the same was also observed following acipimox (2.0 +/- 0.4 and 2.1 +/- 0.5 mg kg-1 min-1; both p < 0.05). Carbohydrate oxidation increased with exercise in both subject groups, but with no significant difference between the treatments. Thus, the metabolic response to low-grade exercise was normal in Type 2 diabetic patients with moderate glycaemic control, but occurred against a background of hyperinsulinaemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗