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Biomedical subjects

C E Williams

Publications and source records attributed to C E Williams.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

An evaluation of the role of the intravenous urogram in the management of patients with epididymo-orchitis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of intravenous urography in patients presenting with symptoms of epididymo-orchitis. The intravenous urograms of 67 such patients were assessed retrospectively. The management of patients with acute epididymo-orchitis was not affected by intravenous urography, although a number of abnormalities were identified. Patients with additional symptoms not typical of acute epididymo-orchitis showed a higher incidence of abnormalities some of which affected management. It is concluded that urography is not warranted in the investigation of patients with uncomplicated acute epididymo-orchitis.

Epididymitis↗
PubMed1987

Tuberculosis affecting the oesophagus.

Three Asian patients presenting with dysphagia were shown to have oesophageal involvement secondary to adjacent tuberculous mediastinal lymph nodes. The findings included fistula between the oesophagus and the tracheobronchial tree and extrinsic compression of the oesophagus. These cases reflect the increasing incidence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in adult tuberculosis, especially in our immigrant community.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effects of different levels of task complexity on three vocal measures.

Interactive voice query and control systems are being considered as an alternative method of interfacing pilots with aircraft systems in high performance aviation environments. Before engineers integrate interactive voice systems into aircraft, knowledge is needed concerning what types of vocal changes, if any, are likely to occur as a result of environmental and task-induced stress. Recordings of the vocal utterances of 20 subjects, obtained as the subjects performed psychomotor and dichotic listening tasks, were subjected to acoustical analyses to evaluate the effects of task complexity on three measures: fundamental frequency (fo), peak amplitude (intensity), and word duration. The analyses revealed significant increases in fo (p less than 0.05) and amplitude (p less than 0.01) and a significant decrease in word duration (p less than 0.01) as a function of increased task complexity. These findings suggest that task-induced vocal changes must be considered in the design of voice recognition systems for use in complex, high performance aviation environments.

Dichotic Listening Tests↗
PubMed1985

Verotoxin and neuraminidase induced platelet aggregating activity in plasma: their possible role in the pathogenesis of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

Certain strains of Escherichia coli producing verotoxin have been isolated in the stools of patients with the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. A platelet aggregating activity has been found in normal plasma after incubation with verotoxin at 37 degrees C for 24 h. This activity, unlike neuraminidase, has an effect that is independent of changing factor VIII related antigen, but requires the IIA and IIIB platelet surface glycoprotein (deficient in thrombasthenia) to mediate its effect. Prostacyclin totally inhibited this effect, but other antiplatelet drugs and heparin were without inhibitory effects.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1985

A bitoric gas permeable hard contact lens with spherical power effect.

A 36 lens fitting set of gas permeable hard (Polycon II) bitoric contact lenses with spherical power effect in vivo was used to fit 50 patients. Thirty six patients (66 eyes) were correctly fitted with spherical power effect (SPE) lenses while 14 patients (27 eyes) required cylinder power effect (CPE) lenses. The mean flat base curve was 0.45 D.K. flatter than the mean flat corneal K reading, and the mean base curve toricity was 0.50 D.K. less than mean corneal toricity. Overall patient response was good to excellent for 82% of the patient sample.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Using the existing complete denture as a surgical template.

This technique uses the patient's denture as a combination surgical splint and transitional prosthesis. Wire ligation or other methods of support used for surgical templates are unnecessary. Modifications of the existing complete denture can be accomplished in one setting, and the need for special equipment is eliminated. This method is applicable to the mandible as well as the maxilla.

Denture Design↗
PubMed1984

Abnormalities of factor VIII related protein multimers in the haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

Factor VIII related activities and factor VIII related antigen multimeric analysis have been assessed in two sporadic and eleven epidemic cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. In all patients factor VIII related antigen was raised and had an abnormal multimer pattern at presentation. The return to normal of factor VIII related antigen values and multimeric analysis patterns paralleled clinical improvement and, therefore, may be useful in monitoring patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome. We postulate that endothelial cell damage releases the abnormal high molecular weight factor VIII related antigen multimers and that this may cause platelet agglutination in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Lack of correlation between factor VIII related antigen multimeric analysis pattern and parallel or non-parallel dose response curves in an ELISA factor VIII related antigen assay.

Factor VIII related antigen has been measured and epitope distribution has been explored by testing the degree of parallelism between standard and test plasma dose response curves using an enzyme immunoassay. Normal plasma, plasma fractions, and plasma from patients with haemophilia and von Willebrand's disease have been tested. All showed parallelism except for plasma from patients with the variant type IIA von Willebrand's disease, of which 10 had parallel and five had non-parallel dose response curves when compared with that of normal plasma. In one family plasma from seven members showed parallelism but from four others did not. An unrelated patient was tested on three occasions, and although the samples were parallel to each other, no sample was parallel to the standard. No correlation was found between parallelism as shown by the enzyme immunoassay and differences in factor VIII related antigen multimeric pattern, including triplet configuration, seen in the type IIA patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Simultaneous inheritance and expression of classical haemophilia A and type IIA von Willebrand's disease.

A family is described in which the mother is a haemophilia carrier, the father has asymptomatic type IIA von Willebrand's disease, and their second son has simultaneously inherited both severe haemophilia and type IIA von Willebrand's disease. This is the first report of both diseases occurring simultaneously. The inheritance patterns and laboratory data on the family are presented and discussed.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of drug counselor training: a pilot study.

A pilot evaluation study was conducted to explore the impact of a training course aimed at helping drug counselors establish effective therapeutic relationships with their clients. Counselor abilities to reflect accurate empathy, sensitivity to client values and attitudes, and use of specified problem-solving techniques were measured before and after training through counselor self-ratings and ratings of counselor behaviors provided by clients and supervisors. The preliminary findings reveal a trend toward improved drug counselor functioning along these dimensions following training. However, the findings also suggest that the greatest impact of training may be a shift in drug counselor self-perceptions toward more confidence in their own capability to establish effective therapeutic relationships.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The landing signal officer: auditory aspects.

Landing signal officers (LSOs), exposed to high noise levels during carrier operations, do not routinely wear hearing protectors. Noise exposure data obtained during carrier qualifications on the USS Lexington and the USS Forrestal suggested a clear risk for hearing damage. Moreover, a comparison of the hearing of LSO and non-LSO pilots matched for age and number of flight hours, indicated a trend for LSOs to have poorer hearing. Questionnaire data from 225 LSOs indicate they need full access to aircraft auditory cues, which is not attainable with current off-the-shelf hearing protectors. It is recommended that a hearing protector be developed for the LSO which would permit passage of critical auditory cues and, at the same time, provide hearing protection. There should be a redesign or elimination of the UHF handset. If eliminated, a boom-type noise-cancelling microphone in conjunction with earphones integral to the hearing protector should be considered. Additional hearing studies of LSO and non-LSO pilots should be undertaken.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1981

Some non-auditory correlates of the hearing threshold levels of an aviation noise-exposed population.

In a retrospective analysis of data collected during the 1963 followup of the NAMRL Thousand Aviator Study, two hearing level groups were identified, normal and impaired, and compared along 33 non-auditory dimensions. It was discovered that these two equally noise-exposed groups could be differentiated according to their smoking history and eye color. That is, the impaired hearing group reported smoking more cigarettes for a greater period of time than did the members of the normal hearing group. Furthermore, blue-eye individuals were over-represented in the impaired hearing group and under-represented in the normal hearing group, whereas the reverse was true for brown-eyed aviators. This latter finding is consistent with reports linking temporary hearing loss and eye color. There was 31 other physical, psychological, and sociological measures which failed to appear differentially in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Control of the transverse dimension with surgery and orthodontics.

Control of the transverse dimension through surgical techniques now available for use by the orthodontist is a valuable treatment consideration for orthodontic therapy in the nongrowing patient. In this article, proper diagnosis of relative and absolute transverse maxillary deficiency or excess is stressed as being imperative prior to completion of definitive orthodontic and/or surgical treatment planning. Therapeutic alternatives designed to facilitate correction of transverse discrepancies concomitant with treatment objectives in the sagittal and vertical dimensions are discussed and illustrated with case reports.

Adult↗