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Biomedical subjects

C E Renson

Publications and source records attributed to C E Renson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Global changes in caries prevalence and dental manpower requirements: 2. The reasons underlying the changes in prevalence.

A Joint Working Group of the WHO and FDI was formed in 1981 to investigate the dramatic decrease in caries in children and young people that had been observed in a number of industrialized countries in the 1970s. The results of this investigation are reported in this series of three articles. Part 1 described the assembly and analysis of all available data from 20 selected countries. Nine developed countries showed substantial++ reductions in caries. The most probable reasons for these reductions will be examined here. These included: widespread exposure to fluoride in the form of fluoridated water, fluoride supplements and fluoridated toothpaste; the provision of preventive dental health services; increased dental awareness through organized education programmes; and ready access to dental services. Comparison with Japan, which has not experienced a similar reduction in caries, indicates that the single most important factor was the availability of fluoride toothpaste. The possible effects on dental manpower needs of a declining caries incidence will be discussed in Part 3.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1989

Lasers in dentistry.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dentistry, Operative↗
PubMed1989

Global changes in caries prevalence and dental manpower requirements: 3. The effects on manpower needs.

A Joint Working Group of the WHO and FDI was formed in 1981 to investigate the dramatic decrease in caries in children and young people that had been observed in a number of industrialized countries in the 1970s. The results of this investigation are reported in this series of three articles. Parts 1 and 2 described the assembly and analysis of all available data on the decrease, and identified the widespread availability of fluoride toothpaste as the most probable cause. Inevitably in developed countries with declining caries incidence there will be a decreased need for dental services, and hence a change in the need for dental personnel. This third article will examine the likely effects on staffing needs and outline a suggested methodology for manpower planning. The lack of adequate data makes prediction a precarious procedure, and this review indicates the urgent need for regular dental health monitoring and better manpower planning in all countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Establishment of a large collection of extracted teeth for research.

A collection of over 14,000 teeth extracted at the Prince Philip Dental Hospital since 1982 has been organized and catalogued on a computerized database management system. The computer catalogue provides, for each tooth in the collection, information on the age and sex of the patient, and the date of extraction and condition of the tooth. The catalogue can be searched according to any combination of the descriptive variables in the database record. Researchers, including visiting scientists, can borrow teeth from the central "tooth library" on a temporary or permanent basis. Further information on particular teeth (e.g. patient's medical and dental histories, dental radiographs) can be obtained from patients' charts. Establishment of this collection has greatly facilitated the work of researchers in clinical dentistry, dental anatomy, and dental anthropology.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Changing patterns of dental caries: a survey of 20 countries.

Data on oral health, sugar consumption, fluoride availability and other preventive programmes from twenty selected developed and developing countries were reviewed to identify the changes in oral health in children and causes associated with these changes during the past 20 years. Nine developed (industrialized) countries showed apparent substantial reduction (30-50 per cent) in the prevalence of dental caries in 5 and 12 year old children during the past decade. The countries are: Australia, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom and the USA. Caries in Thailand and Nigeria and other developing countries appear to have increased considerably. The most probable reasons for the decrease in dental caries in children in the developed countries were considered to be associated with: the widespread exposure to fluoridated water, fluoride supplements, especially the regular use of fluoridated toothpaste; the provision of preventive oral health services; the increased dental awareness through organised health education programmes; the ready availability of dental resources. The factor common to all countries with a substantial reduction in caries was fluoride, either as fluoridated water or toothpaste. Countries with decreased caries but no fluoridated water supplies all had experienced a rapid increase in the availability and the use of fluoridated toothpaste during the past 10 years. The contribution of improved dental health programmes, other than those involving fluoride, could not be adequately assessed. These changes, which appear to be continuing, have relevance also to similar countries which might just be entering the reduction phase, or for which that phase may already have begun, though it is as yet unnoticed and unreported. They also have relevance to developing countries in indicating how caries and perhaps periodontal disease have been controlled and prevented. It is inevitable that in developed countries with reducing dental caries there will be a decreased need for dental services and hence a change in the need for dental personnel. However, the lack of adequate data in most countries makes prediction of future changes in oral health and manpower needs a precarious procedure. The whole review indicates the urgent need for regular monitoring of oral health status in all countries and for better personnel planning and production.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Reproducibility of computer-aided image-analysis-derived estimates of the depth and area of radiolucencies in approximal enamel.

In vivo studies of caries progression from serial bite-wing radiographs require the reproducible detection and measurement of approximal radiolucencies in enamel; the aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of a new computer-aided image analysis method. Three series of radiographs depicting natural caries lesions were employed: films of 11-12-year-old (Hounslow) schoolchildren, dental students from Hong Kong (HKDS), and extracted Hong Kong teeth (EXT). Each surface was "searched" three times, resulting in data from 450, 600, and 180 searches, respectively. Lesion detection was consistent for all but two of the 1230 searches. Average values for the standard error of the mean (SEM) of triple determinations of depth % were between 2.0 and 3.5%, while the mean SEM for area was from 0.03 to 0.04 mm2. Average test/re-test correlations ranged from 0.963 to 0.871 for depth and from 0.963 to 0.884 for area, while average reliability coefficients ranged from 0.937 to 0.821 for depth and 0.963 to 0.886 for area. There was a significant difference (P less than 0.001) between the reproducibility of the two clinical series, with measurements of the Hounslow lesions being more consistent. When compared with the reproducibility of attempts to grade radiolucency size visually, the image analysis method appears to offer considerable advantages, in that consistent estimates of radiolucency size are now possible. This method may facilitate more sensitive assessments of the behavior of lesions over time than has hitherto been possible.

Adult↗