Survival and management of the second-born twin.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
C E Johnson
Publications and source records attributed to C E Johnson.
Enthusiasm and promotion: key to successful practice.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Public Relations↗
SERUM PRECIPITABLE IODINE CONCENTRATIONS DURING PREGNANCY.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Blood↗
Feasibility of an obstetrician-based cord blood collection network for unrelated donor umbilical cord blood banking.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an obstetrician-based cord blood collection system for the purpose of banking cord blood for unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Over 200 delivering physicians and 40 area obstetrical units were educated and became involved in the collection of cord blood during the third stage of labor. These products compared favorable with those obtained after placental delivery. Issues involved in the development of quality assurance for unrelated donor banking are discussed. An obstetrician-based cord blood collection network is feasible and advantageous in that cord blood can be collected from a wider variety of communities, thus enhancing the ethnic diversity of a bank.
Bacteria↗
Reliability of theophylline clearance in determining maintenance intravenous aminophylline therapy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
M 154,129, a putative delta antagonist, reverses endotoxic shock without altering morphine analgesia.
Studies were conducted with the putative delta opiate receptor antagonist M 154,129 to evaluate its potential for reversing circulatory shock without altering nociceptive processes. M 154,129 (30 mg/kg iv) did not alter tail flick or hot plate latencies by itself, nor did it alter the antinociceptive effects of morphine (4 mg/kg iv). Following endotoxic shock hypotension in conscious rats, M 154,129 (30 or 60 mg/kg iv) produced a rapid return of arterial pressure to pretreatment levels. These data indicate that circulatory shock may be mediated at delta opioid receptors. Moreover, delta antagonists may have therapeutic benefit in reversing shock without intensification of pain.
Analgesia↗
The role of Sb(5+) in the structure of Sb(2)O(3)-B(2)O(3) binary glasses--an NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopy study.
Glasses of general formula xSb(2)O(3) (1-x)B(2)O(3) (0 </= x </= 0.8) have been prepared by conventional melt- quenching. Mössbauer spectroscopy shows that a fraction of the Sb(3+) is converted to Sb(5+) and this fraction increases with x. High-field (11)B MAS NMR gives well-resolved resonances from boron atoms which are 3- and 4-coordinated to oxygen. The fraction of 4-coordinated boron, N(4), goes through a maximum value of 0.12+/-0.01 at x = 0.5. The position of the maximum in N(4) is consistent with the cation potential for Sb(3+), as observed for other systems. However, the low value of N(4) at this maximum is not so readily explained. The values are similar to those predicted if [BO(4)](-) were stabilised by [SbO(4)](+) but the trends with composition are different.
Journal Article↗
Social physique anxiety and disordered eating: what's the connection?
Social physique anxiety (SPA) is highly correlated with other body image measures that have been considered to be important in understanding eating disorders. However, SPA has not been directly studied with respect to eating disorders. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the link between SPA and measures of eating disorder symptomatology to determine if SPA should be considered as an additional risk factor in the prediction of eating disturbances. One hundred and sixty female undergraduates completed questionnaires measuring body mass index (BMI), social physique anxiety (SPAS), anorexic symptoms (EAT), bulimic symptoms (BULIT-R), depression (CES-D), self-esteem (SES) and obligatory exercise (OEQ). Regression analyses revealed that SPA and depression were the psychological correlates that predicted bulimic symptomatology and that SPA, depression, and obligatory exercise predicted anorexic symptomatology; all variables were positively related to eating disorder symptoms. Overall, the results indicate that social physique anxiety appears to be a useful construct for understanding eating disorder symptoms in female undergraduates.
Adult↗
Use of a paging system to improve medication self-management in patients with asthma.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Stability and compatibility of tacrolimus and fluconazole in 0.9% sodium chloride.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the physical compatibility and chemical stability of tacrolimus injection and fluconazole injection combined in a range of concentrations used clinically for intravenous Y-site co-administration over 3 hours. DESIGN: Tacrolimus injection (Prograf) was combined with fluconazole injection (Diflucan) in volumetric glass flasks at room temperature (23 degrees C to 25 degrees C) to form final concentrations of 5 or 20 micrograms/mL and 500 or 1,500 micrograms/mL, respectively. Immediately after preparation and at 1.5 and 3 hours, triplicate samples and controls were visually inspected and assayed in duplicate by high-performance liquid chromatography; pH of the samples was also determined. SETTING: University of Michigan College of Pharmacy. PATIENTS: Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Initial and subsequent concentrations of tacrolimus and fluconazole at 1.5 and 3 hours. RESULTS: More than 99% of the initial concentration of each drug remained in all samples throughout the study period. There was no color change, and the pH of the samples did not change appreciably. CONCLUSION: Tacrolimus and fluconazole are stable and compatible in a range of clinically used concentrations for 3 hours and can be intravenously co-administered through a Y-site.
Antifungal Agents↗
Acute otitis media caused by Branhamella catarrhalis: biology and therapy.
Since 1980, we have observed an epidemic of otitis media caused by Branhamella catarrhalis. This event was characterized by studying the nasopharyngeal colonization of infants and children with B. catarrhalis and the clinical presentation and therapeutic outcome of acute otitis media caused by this organism. Pharyngeal colonization with B. catarrhalis was commoner in winter than summer. B. catarrhalis was present in middle-ear fluid (MEF) of 17% of children with otitis media, and was commoner in fall and winter (20%) than in spring and summer (11%, P less than .05). Seventy-five percent of isolates produced beta-lactamase (Ravasio type). In five of 20 patients, treatment with beta-lactamase-susceptible agents failed to sterilize B. catarrhalis-infected MEF. All of these five patients were infected with beta-lactamase-producing strains. The increasing prominence of antibiotic-resistant B. catarrhalis in acute otitis media may lead to a reevaluation of initial antibiotic therapy for acute otitis media, particularly in winter or in areas where colonization with such strains is prevalent.
Acute Disease↗
Comparative effects of nitrendipine and verapamil on neuroeffector transmission in the rabbit ear artery.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effects of the calcium antagonists nitrendipine and verapamil on nerve-evoked constrictions and on norepinephrine (NE) release in the isolated, perfused rabbit ear artery. The response of the ear artery to nerve stimulation consists of an early phasic constriction (P response) and a late, slow-developing tonic constriction (T response). Both calcium antagonists were much more potent in causing inhibition of the T than P responses. For nitrendipine the EC50 (6.6 +/- 2.3 X 10(-8)M) for inhibition of T response was 450 times lower than the EC50 for inhibition of P response. Verapamil exhibited less selectivity for T response: the EC50 for inhibition of T response was 17 times lower than the EC50 for inhibition of the P response. Nitrendipine (3.3 X 10(7) to 3.3 X 10(-5) M) did not alter the nerve-evoked release of [3H]NE from arteries preincubated with [3H]NE. Verapamil at 3.3 X 10(-6) and 3.3 X 10(-5)M enhanced both spontaneous and nerve-evoked [3H]NE release.
Animals↗
Emergence of beta-lactamase-producing strains of Branhamella catarrhalis as important agents of acute otitis media.
We performed a prospective study to monitor changes in the bacterial etiology of acute otitis media. Branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from middle ear exudates of 3 of 47 children (6.4%) studied between September 1979 and September 1980 and from 26 of 98 children (26.5%) studied between October 1980 and February 1982 (P = 0.0055). Twenty of 26 B. catarrhalis strains (76.9%) were found to be resistant to ampicillin and to produce beta-lactamase. In contrast only 2 of 26 strains of Haemophilus influenzae (7.7%) isolated from the same group of patients were resistant to ampicillin. We could not detect changes in culture methods, in demographic features, in patterns of medical care or in prior middle ear disease or antimicrobial drug usage, which might explain this striking increase in the relative importance of resistant strains of B. catarrhalis.
Ampicillin↗
Identification of children requiring radiologic evaluation for urinary infection.
Sixty-nine children younger than 13 years of age with urinary tract infection were evaluated to identify risk factors for treatable urologic problems; i.e. those requiring surgery or prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis. All children had a renal ultrasound, intravenous pyelogram and voiding cystogram performed 4 to 6 weeks after the infection. Eleven children with treatable problems were identified, 10 with vesicoureteral reflux and 1 with a ureterocele. For identification of treatable problems the predictive value of a positive test was: (1) fever, 10 of 24 (41.7%); (2) abnormal D-deaminoarginine vasopressin renal concentrating ability, 8 of 24 (33.3%); (3) serum C-reactive protein greater than or equal to 1.0, 8 of 25 (32.0%); (4) Elevated urine N-acetylglucosaminidase, 5 of 16 (31.2%); (5) erythrocyte sedimentation rate greater than or equal to 25, 6 of 21 (28.6%); and (6) age less than 5 years, 10 of 43 (23.3%). Absence of fever denotes a low risk (less than 3%) of finding a treatable problem. Afebrile girls older than 5 years of age can have radiologic evaluation deferred until infection recurs. The presence of fever indicates a high risk of treatable urologic problems (41.7%) and warrants complete radiologic evaluation with the first urinary infection.
Child↗
Controlled-release theophylline in the treatment of nocturnal asthma.
A total of 104 asthmatic patients with symptoms of asthma and/or a 'morning dip' in the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) who were receiving multiple therapies, including inhaled or oral steroids, were treated in addition once nightly with controlled-release theophylline in an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Theophylline produced an improvement in symptoms of cough, wheeze, sleep disturbance and PEFR in the 73 completing patients compared to run-in and placebo treatment. Theophylline also produced an improvement in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity relative to baseline, and in the difference between actual and predicted PEFR values. Nausea was the most frequent side-effect but both patients' and investigator's global impressions of the effect of study medication were in favour of theophylline.
Adolescent↗
The effects of medical group practice organizational factors on physicians' use of resources.
Few studies have systematically examined the influence of physician, patient, and practice characteristics on physician-directed use of resources within the overall environment of medical group practices and none have included the practice culture in the analysis. This study analyzes the effects of the structure and culture of medical group practices on the amount of resources used to manage uncomplicated hypertension episodes of care for enrollees in a Minneapolis/St. Paul HMO during 1990. Three findings emerged from this study: (1) resource use for a well-defined episode of care varies much more than one would expect in this highly competitive managed care environment; (2) the culture of the group practice appears to be more important than organizational structure in determining resource use for the treatment of hypertension; and (3) together the culture and structural variables only explain 8 percent of the variance in resource use. The study indicated that medical group practice organizations have less influence on physicians' practice styles than expected. The group practices studied are all located in a highly competitive managed care environment and these conditions should be causing them to create more standardized practice styles among their physicians. However, wide variations in individual physician practice styles account for most of the differences observed. Either much of the unexplained variance in resource use for this episode of care results from unobserved patient and illness characteristics, or managed healthcare is not yet causing medical group practices in Minnesota to challenge physicians' individualistic practice styles.
Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
Corpus callosum infarcts with atypical clinical and radiologic presentations.
Infarcts of the corpus callosum have not been well documented in the radiologic literature. We present five cases that were unusual in either their clinical or radiologic presentation or both. Biopsies were performed in three of the five cases, and in time, all lesions evolved in a pattern consistent with infarct. Recognition of the varied clinical and radiologic presentation of infarcts of the corpus callosum will obviate the need for biopsy in most patients.
Aged↗
Benign lumbar arachnoiditis: MR imaging with gadopentetate dimeglumine.
MR imaging was performed in 13 patients with benign lumbar arachnoiditis both before and after IV injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. The arachnoiditis was proved by previous myelography in 12 patients and by noncontrast MR imaging in one patient. The disease was presumably the result of previous myelography and/or surgery. It was characterized as mild in two patients, moderate in two patients, and severe in nine patients. Imaging was performed on a 1.5-T unit, and both short and long TR images were obtained before and after contrast administration. Noncontrast MR images demonstrated changes consistent with arachnoiditis in all patients. After contrast, three patients had no enhancement, three patients had minimal enhancement, three patients had mild enhancement, and four patients had moderate enhancement. In no case did contrast enhancement alter the diagnosis or reveal additional findings that could not be seen on the noncontrast images. Gadopentetate dimeglumine enhancement plays little role in the diagnosis of lumbar arachnoiditis. If used for another reason, however, short TR scans may show enhancement of adherent roots in some cases. In addition, administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine will not cause sufficient enhancement to hinder the detection of arachnoiditis on long TR images and may aid in recognition of adherent roots on short TR images.
Adult↗