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Biomedical subjects

C E Franti

Publications and source records attributed to C E Franti.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Flow cytometric analysis of lectin-binding to canine blood lymphocytes.

The cell surface glycoconjugates of blood lymphocytes from 19 dogs with and without neoplastic disease were quantitated using flow cytofluorometric analysis of the binding characteristics of 3 lectins, namely, wheat germ agglutinin, concanavalin-A, and Lens culinaris agglutinin. The specificity of lectin binding was determined using competitive monosaccharide inhibitors. The results show enhanced binding of concanavalin-A to blood lymphocytes from dogs with lymphosarcoma relative to healthy dogs, or those with a variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Entry of four cephalosporins into the ovine lung.

Following cannulation of the right external jugular vein and the efferent duct of the right caudal mediastinal lymph node (the caudal end of this node having been ligated to cut off the inflow of systemic lymph), sheep were each given one of four "cephalosporins" (cefazolin, moxalactam, cefoperazone, or ceftriaxone) as single doses injected iv over 30 min. All of the drugs appeared in the pulmonary lymph during iv infusion. Peak concentrations in the lymph were attained at 5 min postinfusion with cefazolin, cefoperazone, and ceftriaxone; the peak for moxalactam was attained at 30 min postinfusion. Cefazolin and cefoperazone penetrated better than did ceftriaxone, which penetrated better than did moxalactam. The concentrations of moxalactam, as compared with the other drugs, declined more gradually in both venous blood and pulmonary lymph. In view of the prompt entry and transit through the lungs and the high concentrations attained in the pulmonary lymph, these drugs should be effective in the treatment of pneumonias caused by susceptible bacteria.

Albumins↗
PubMed1984

Selected physical and chemical characteristics of prostatic fluid collected by ejaculation from healthy dogs and from dogs with bacterial prostatitis.

Forty specimens of prostatic fluid, collected by ejaculation from 36 dogs with bacterial prostatitis, and 43 specimens of prostatic fluid collected by the same method from 42 healthy dogs were analyzed with respect to pH, specific gravity, cholesterol concentration, and zinc, copper, iron, calcium, and magnesium concentrations. Values from prostatic fluid of infected dogs were compared with values from prostatic fluid of healthy dogs, using a variety of statistical methods. In striking contrast to data obtained from human beings, prostatic fluid pH, specific gravity, or cholesterol zinc concentrations were not altered in dogs with bacterial prostatitis. Seemingly, these tests are not reliable in the diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mechanical properties of the tibia from chickens with idiopathic scoliosis.

The tibia from six-week old chickens that develop idiopathic scoliosis were studied with stress relaxation experiments and torsional strength testing. Most parameters observed did not show any significant differences between tibias obtained from chickens with scoliosis and tibias from the control birds; however, the rate of stress relaxation of the tibia from the birds with scoliosis was minimally increased over the controls. There were no significant differences noted in ultimate torsional strength, maximum angular deformity or modulae of torsional rigidity of the tibias from scoliotic chickens when compared to tibias from control chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Activity of two polyene and two imidazole antimicrobics on Candida albicans in human fibrin clots.

The vegetations of infective fungal endocarditis were simulated by preparing human fibrin clots containing 10(5) CFU of Candida albicans per clot. Clots were incubated in human serum without drugs (controls) or with equimolar concentrations (2.5 to 20 nmol/ml) of four antifungal antimicrobics: AMB and miconazole (both colloidal suspensions) and DAB and KET (both molecularly dispersed). Over a period of 4 days of incubation, clots were resuspended in freshly prepared serum-antimicrobic every 12 hr. Cohorts of control and drug-exposed clots were cultured quantitatively at 24 hr intervals. Neither imidazole at any concentration tested prevented growth of C. albicans to an extent that was significantly different from growth in the control clots. Both polyenes reduced the CFU/clot, with AMB significantly more active than DAB.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1982

Serologic survey for certain zoonotic diseases in black bears in California.

Black bears (Ursus americanus) from 3 geographic areas of California were tested for antibodies against agents of 6 zoonotic diseases: toxoplasmosis (indirect hemagglutination), Q fever (microagglutination), trichinosis (latex particle agglutination), botulism (passive hemagglutination), leptospirosis (plate agglutination), and plague (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Of 149 sera tested, 40 (27%) were positive for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and 25 (17%) had antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Of 141 bears tested for Trichinella spiralis, 18 (13%) were seropositive, and 19 (15%) of 125 tested had antibodies against the plague organism, Yersinia pestis. Only 2% (2 of 123 tested) had antibodies against Clostridium botulinum. Sera from 129 bears were tested against 4 pools of Leptospira interrogans representing 12 serovars, and 16% of the sera reacted with the pool containing the serovars australis, hyos, and mini georgia.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Anthelmintic treatment of nonpastured dairy cows in California.

Many dairy cattle are housed under drylot conditions, which generally are not considered conducive to elevated populations of gastrointestinal parasites. Thus, an examination of the potential benefits to be obtained by anthelmintic treatment of lactating cows under these circumstances was initiated. Because there were no statistically significant differences in milk production between control and treated groups, routine deworming cannot be considered economically sound under the management conditions described.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The utility of regional cancer mortality data for identifying occupations at high risk.

Mortality rates by geographic areas have been used successfully in the past to identify occupations with a high risk of cancer. The 1975 Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-1969 for white males showed that mortality rates in three California counties (Alameda, Sacramento, and San Francisco) were significantly elevated compared to other US counties, and in Sacramento County the lung cancer death rate was significantly high also. This current study was to determine if the excess in the cancer mortality rate found in Sacramento County was possibly related to specific occupational categories. Death certificates for all white males dying of cancer were retrieved, Last occupation, industry, and length of service were coded according to the Index of Industries and Occupations prepared by the US Bureau of the Census. Observed frequencies of cancer deaths were compared to an expected number which was based on US census data by occupation for Sacramento County. Elevated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for cancer deaths were found for technicians, metal craftsmen, nonfarm laborers, construction workers, and drivers. SMRs were high for cancer of the esophagus, pancreas, respiratory tract, skin, and central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Monitoring of grape harvesters for evidence of cholinesterase inhibition.

This report describes the results of a long-term monitoring study of 36 grape harvesters who were occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticide residues following reentry into vineyards during September and October 1976. The study was designed to evaluate biochemical parameters associated with organophosphate pesticide residues. Insignificant changes in blood cholinesterase activity were found. Some workers had very low levels of organophosphate metabolites in the urine during the entire 6 wk of study. Ethion dioxon was the only pesticide residue detected on the grape leaves. The harvesting of wine grapes involves numerous work crews of four to six people each, requiring a highly mobile monitoring staff. A single stationary location for collecting blood and urine samples will result in massive losses to follow-up since the workers cannot be relied on to report on their own. It is recommended that, to maximize worker cooperation, future monitoring studies rely more on analyses of urine specimens and less on venipuncture for evidence of pesticide exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Urine concentrations of gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and kanamycin after subcutaneous administration to healthy adult dogs.

Gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, and kanamycin were given subcutaneously in separate trials to healthy adult dogs of both sexes. Daily dosage levels were as follows: gentamicin, 6.6 mg/kg of body weight; tobramycin, 3 mg/kg; amikacin, 15 mg/kg; and kanamycin, 11 mg/kg. Gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin were given in divided doses of 8-hour intervals for 5 consecutive 8-hour periods, whereas kanamycin was given in divided doses at 12-hour intervals for 4 consecutive 12-hour periods. Mean 8-hour urine concentrations +/- 1 SD were gentamicin, 107 +/- 33 microgram/ml, tobramycin, 66 +/- 39 microgram/ml; and amikacin, 342 +/- 153 microgram/ml. Mean urine concentrations (+/- 1 SD) for kanamycin were 473 +/- 306 microgram/ml in urine collected between 0 and 6 hours after dosing and 63 +/- 47 microgram/ml in urine collected 6 to 12 hours after dosing.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1980

Pet ownership in rural Northern California (El Dorado County).

Demographic and economic aspects of pet ownership were studied in 488 households in El Dorado County, California, from May to July 1971. About 60% of households owned dogs or cats, and pet ownership was most prevalent (75%) in two small residential communities in the western end of the county. Among dogs, Poodle and German Shepherd Dog were the most popular breeds; about 36% of the females in the sample were spayed, but only 6% of the males were castrated. Approximately one third of all cats had been neutered. Reported use of veterinary services was higher for dogs (79%) than for cats (53%). The results of the survey indicated pet ownership is most likely to be found in households with children, where the head of household is employed, generally confirming findings from earlier surveys in Yolo, Alameda, and Contra Costa Counties (all in northern California) and later surveys in Champaign County, Illinois, and Garland, Tex. Some community health findings were included for El Dorado County and nearby Yolo County. In these two counties, cancer was reported more frequently by adults without pets (3.9% of those greater than or equal to 65 years old) than by pet owners (1.8% of those greater than or equal to 65 years old). Among children less than 5 years old, "frequent diarrhea" was reported more commonly in homes without pets (9.5% vs 2.6%; P less than 0.01). On the other hand, pet-owning adults, 16 to 64 years of age, living in rural areas or areas with generally lower than average incomes reported "frequent headaches" (21%) more frequently than did adults without pets (17%; P less than 0.025%) who resided in the same areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and risk of coronary heart disease.

This report focuses on the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a large group of employed men. The authors determined the risk of CHD using the factors of blood pressure, cholesterol, and cigarette smoking in a multiple logistic model for 19,141 men aged 35--57 years, residing and employed in the Sacramento, CA, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. SES was measured by the modified two factor (education and occupation) Hollingshead Index. Information on education, occupation, race/ethnic group, and number of cigarettes smoked was derived from self-administered questionnaires. The data indicate an inverse relationship between SES and risk of CHD and the relationship persisted for whites, Asians, and Spanish Americans but not for blacks. Age adjustment did not significantly alter this finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Environmental exposure to Coxiella burnetii: a sero-epidemiologic survey among domestic animals.

The prevalence of agglutinating serum antibodies against Coxiella burnetii, the cause of Q fever in humans, was tested in a hospital population of companion animals and livestock in California during 1973--1975. A sample of stray dogs was also tested. Among the hospitalized animals 346 (48%) of 724 dogs, 7 (9%) of 80 cats, 9 (32%) of 28 cattle and 31 (26%) of 121 horses had antibodies against C. burnetii. Of 316 stray dogs 208 (66%) were seropositive. The overall prevalence of 53% among 1040 dogs tested was comparable to the 63% antibody prevalence found in an earlier survey among coyotes and foxes in wildlife areas of California. When the dog was considered as a sentinel animal for the presence of C. burnetii surrounding household environments, it was hypothesized that the common, low level exposures in the community are similar to those found in more remote wildlife areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Urine concentrations of five penicillins following oral administration to normal adult dogs.

Penicillin G, penicillin V, ampicillin, hetacillin, and amoxicillin were administered separately per os to clinically normal adult dogs of both sexes at 8-hour intervals for five consecutive 8-hour test periods. All urine was collected from each dog during each test period and was assayed for antimicrobial activity. Daily doses of the antimicrobics used were as follows: penicillin G, 110,000 U/kg of body weight; penicillin V, 77 mg/kg; ampicillin, 77 mg/kg; hetacillin, 77 mg/kg; and amoxicillin, 33 mg/kg. Mean 8-hour urine concentrations (+/- 1 SD) were as follows: penicillin G, 294 +/- 210 U/ml; penicillin V, 148 +/- 98 micrograms/ml; ampicillin, 309 +/- 55 micrograms/ml; hetacillin, 300 +/- 156 micrograms/ml, and amoxicillin 201 +/- 93 micrograms/ml. Among the three antimicrobials administered at the same daily dosage, ie, penicillin V, ampicillin, and hetacillin, the mean urine concentrations of penicillin V were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than were concentrations of ampicillin and hetacillin. The mean urine concentrations of the latter two did not differ significantly (P > 0.05).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins G, A, and M in dogs with neoplastic disease.

The concentrations of the three major classes of immunoglobulins (Ig) were determined in canine serum by single radial immunodiffusion against calibrated standards. Serum samples were collected from 121 dogs categorized into 3 groups: normal dogs (n = 34), those with lymphosarcoma (n =41), and those with malignant, solid neoplasms other than lymphosarcoma (n = 46). The mean value for serum IgM concentration in the group of dogs with lymphosarcoma was significantly (P less than or equal to 0.02) higher than was the mean IgM concentration of the normal dogs. Dogs with neoplasms other than lymphosarcoma had significantly increased serum concentrations of IgG and IgM antibodies. There was no significant difference in serum IgA concentration among the three groups. A wide range of Ig concentrations was in the serum of clinically normal dogs, as well as in dogs with neoplastic diseases. Although individual dogs with neoplasms had low serum Ig concentrations, the 81 dogs with neoplastic disease were generally able to synthesize Ig.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Urine concentrations of chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfisoxazole after oral administration to healthy adult dogs.

Chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfisoxazole were administered (orally) in separate trials to clinically healthy adult dogs of both sexes at 8-hour intervals for five consecutive 8-hour test periods. All urine was collected from each dog during each test period and an aliquot from each period was assayed for antimicrobial activity. Daily doses of the antimicrobics were as follows: chloramphenicol 99 mg/kg of body weight, tetracycline 55 mg/kg, and sulfisoxazole 66 mg/kg. Mean 8-hour urine concentrations (+/- 1SD) for chloramphenicol were 124 +/- 40 micrograms/ml; for tetracycline, 138 +/- 65 micrograms/ml; and for sulfisoxazole, 1,466 +/- 832 micrograms/ml. The mean 8-hour percentages of the doses of drug eliminated in active form in the urine were 6.3 +/- 2.6% for chloramphenicol, 11.2 +/- 2.0% for tetracycline, and 68.5 +/- 2.1% for sulfisoxazole.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Serologic profile of exotic deer at Point Reyes National Seashore.

Serotests were conducted on axis (Axis axis) and fallow (Dama dama) deer at Point Reyes National Seashore to determine their status with respect to nine diseases enzootic to the native black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) or to resident dairy cattle. In the exotic deer, the proportion of animals that were seropositive included: anaplasmosis, 35%; bluetongue, 48%; brucellosis, 0%; bovine viral diarrhea, 2%; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, 3%; leptospirosis, 7%; parainfluenza-3, 49%; toxoplasmosis, 8%; and Q fever, 51%. The prevalence of antibodies among a small sample of the black-tailed deer included anaplasmosis, 100%; toxoplasmosis, 29%; and Q fever, 57%. The antibody prevalences in a sample of dairy cattle in the area included anaplasmosis, 19%; toxoplasmosis, 8%; and Q fever, 100%.

Animals↗